Search results for "comparative"
showing 10 items of 1371 documents
The Active Human Gut Microbiota Differs from the Total Microbiota
2011
The human gut microbiota is considered one of the most fascinating reservoirs of microbial diversity hosting between 400 to 1000 bacterial species distributed among nine phyla with Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria representing around of the diversity. One of the most intriguing issues relates to understanding which microbial groups are active players in the maintenance of the microbiota homeostasis. Here, we describe the diversity of active microbial fractions compared with the whole community from raw human fecal samples. We studied four healthy volunteers by 16S rDNA gene pyrosequencing. The fractions were obtained by cell sorting based on bacterial RNA concentration. Bacteria…
An odor timer in milk? Synchrony in the odor of milk effluvium and neonatal chemosensation in the mouse.
2012
International audience; Mammalian newborns exhibit avid responsiveness to odor compounds emanating from conspecific milk. Milk is however developmentally heterogeneous in composition as a function of both evolved constraints and offspring demand. The present study aimed to verify whether milk odor attractivity for neonates is equally distributed along lactation in Mus musculus (Balb-c strain). Therefore, we exposed pups varying in age to milk samples collected from females in different lactational stages. The pups were assayed at postnatal days 2 (P2), 6 (P6) and 15 (P15) in a series of paired-choice tests opposing either murine milk and a blank (water), or two samples of milk collected in …
Un’Italia fuori dall’Italia. Immagini di cultura italiana nella letteratura anglo-irlandese contemporanea.
2005
The book explores the ways in which Italian culture has influenced Anglo-Irish contemporary literature and drama. Poems, theatre scripts, novels and translations produced by Irish writers writing in English about Italian literature, visual arts and music have been examined.
Use of running plates by floor housed rats: A pilot study
2021
The outfit of husbandry facilities of, and the enrichment provided for, experimental rodents plays an important role in the animals’ welfare, and hence also for the societal acceptance of animal experiments. Whether rats and mice benefit from being provided with running wheels or plates is discussed controversially. Here we present observations from a feeding experiment, where rats were provided a running plate. As a pilot study, six identical cages, with three animals per cage, were filmed for six days, and the resulting footage was screened for the number of bouts and the time the animals spent on the plates. The main activities observed on the plate in descending order were sitting (18.…
What can chromosomes tell us about the origin of primates?
2011
Dynamique interne, efficacité externe et orientation scolaire dans les Pays d'Afrique subsaharienne ; l'intérêt de l'approche comparative
2009
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Le redoublement à la lumière d'une approche comparative
2000
International audience; L'objectif de cet article est de présenter la diversité des usages en matière de redoublement, en Europe tout d'abord, dans les autres pays du monde ensuite, et de rapporter cette diversité aux résultats scolaires des élèves. L'auteur tente ainsi de répondre à la question de savoir si les pays qui ont abandonné le recours au redoublement ont connu un effondrement du niveau d'acquisitions de leurs élèves.
Postface. Le parlement de Flandre : perspectives comparatives, en France et en Europe
2009
International audience
Transcriptomic data from panarthropods shed new light on the evolution of insulator binding proteins in insects
2016
BACKGROUND: Body plan development in multi-cellular organisms is largely determined by homeotic genes. Expression of homeotic genes, in turn, is partially regulated by insulator binding proteins (IBPs). While only a few enhancer blocking IBPs have been identified in vertebrates, the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster harbors at least twelve different enhancer blocking IBPs. We screened recently compiled insect transcriptomes from the 1KITE project and genomic and transcriptomic data from public databases, aiming to trace the origin of IBPs in insects and other arthropods. RESULTS: Our study shows that the last common ancestor of insects (Hexapoda) already possessed a substantial numbe…
Aspects of cell production in mantle tissue of Ciona intestinalis L. (Tunicata, Ascidiacea)
2005
Renewal of cell population is needed in the tunic of ascidians, as the tunic cells are involved in many biological functions. Tunic cells are thought to arrive by migrating across the mantle epithelium into the tunic from the blood lacunae or the mesenchymal space. Electron microscope observations show that the mantle epithelium of Ciona intestinalis shares some proliferative characteristics, releasing cells into the tunic and thus providing an increase renewal of tunical cells in restricted zones of adult animals.