Search results for "complex"
showing 10 items of 5889 documents
Well-posedness and singularity formation for the Camassa-Holm equation
2006
We prove the well-posedness of Camassa--Holm equation in analytic function spaces both locally and globally in time, and we investigate numerically the phenomenon of singularity formation for particular initial data.
X Chromosome Contribution to the Genetic Architecture of Primary Biliary Cholangitis
2021
Background & aims: Genome-wide association studies in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) have failed to find X chromosome (chrX) variants associated with the disease. Here, we specifically explore the chrX contribution to PBC, a sexually dimorphic complex autoimmune disease. Methods: We performed a chrX-wide association study, including genotype data from 5 genome-wide association studies (from Italy, United Kingdom, Canada, China, and Japan; 5244 case patients and 11,875 control individuals). Results: Single-marker association analyses found approximately 100 loci displaying P < 5 × 10-4, with the most significant being a signal within the OTUD5 gene (rs3027490; P = 4.80 × 10-6; odds…
HLA class I antigen abnormalities and immune escape by malignant cells
2002
Abbreviations used in this paper: APM, antigen processing machinery; β2m,β2 microglobulin; bp, base pair; CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; HC, heavy chain; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; KIR, killing inhibitory receptors; LMP, low molecular weight proteins; LOH, loss of heterozygosity; mAb, monoclonal antibody; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; NK, natural killer; PA, proteasome activator; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; SCLC, small cell-lung carcinoma; TAA, tumor-associated antigens; TAP, transporter associated with antigen processing; TCR, T cell receptor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; w…
Induction of tumor-cell lysis by bi-specific antibody recognizing ganglioside GD2 and T-cell antigen CD3
1993
Human tumor cells expressing ganglioside GD2 were lysed by various effector populations targeted with an anti-CD3-anti-GD2 bi-specific antibody (BAb CD3 x GD2). This antibody-heteroconjugate was prepared by chemically cross-linking the OKT-3 monoclonal antibody (MAb) reactive with CD3 antigen on T lymphocytes with the ganglioside MAb ME 361, which binds preferentially to the tumor-associated ganglioside GD2. The specificity of target-cell lysis by the cytotoxic T cells (CTL) was mediated by the specificity of the targeting antibody: GD2-negative cells were not lysed in the presence of the CD3 x GD2 BAb. A dose-dependent response was observed in a range of 10 to 10,000 ng/ml. In contrast, 2 …
Dual regulation of SPI1/PU.1 transcription factor by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) during macrophage differentiation of monocytes
2014
International audience; : In addition to their cytoprotective role in stressful conditions, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are involved in specific differentiation pathways, e.g. we have identified a role for HSP90 in macrophage differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes exposed to Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (M-CSF). Here, we show that deletion of the main transcription factor involved in heat shock gene regulation, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), affects M-CSF-driven differentiation of mouse bone marrow cells. HSF1 transiently accumulates in the nucleus of human monocytes undergoing macrophage differentiation, including M-CSF-treated peripheral blood monocytes and phorbol ester-…
Induction of immunogenicity of a human renal-cell carcinoma cell line byTAP1-gene transfer
1999
Reduced expression of the major-histocompatibility-complex(MHC)-class-I antigens has been demonstrated in renal-cell carcinoma (RCC), and appeared to be associated with deficiencies in the expression and function of different components of the MHC-class-I-antigen-processing pathway and poor recognition by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL). In order to investigate the role of peptide transporters for the immunogenic phenotype of RCC, tumor cells were stably transfected with the human TAP1A gene. While the TAP1 transfectants showed heterogeneous TAP1-transgene expression pattern of mRNA and protein, high TAP1 expression and a TAP-controlled increase in MHC-class-I surface expression could be achi…
MHC class I antigen processing pathway defects, ras mutations and disease stage in colorectal carcinoma
2003
Colorectal tumorigenesis has been associated with the progressive acquisition of a variety of genetic alterations. These include mutations of the Ki-ras proto-oncogene in codons 12 and 13, which account for 85% of genetic changes in colorectal cancer. In murine in vitro models of oncogenic transformation, an association between ras-mediated transformation and downregulation of different components of the MHC class I antigen processing machinery (APM) has been described. In order to investigate whether this association also exists in human tumors, 10 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HIN), as well as primary tumors and autologous lymph node metastases from 42 patients with color…
The effect of Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) on the rat bladder
1977
Immunostimulation with agents such as BCG or KLH may represent an adjuvant therapy in treating patients with bladder cancer. To investigate the effects of direct instillation and injection of KLH into the bladder of sensitized and nonsensitized rats, KLH was injected submucosally into the bladder. Histologically, a marked inflammatory reaction was seen without ulcerations.
Genomic Abnormalities Acquired in the Blastic Transformation of Splenic Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma
2003
Among 20 cases of typical splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL), two cases had blastic transformation. The genetic mechanisms underlying the morphologic transformation were investigated by comparing genetic changes in initial and blastic phases. A complex karyotype including trisomy of 3q and genomic gain of 17q22-q24 was seen in both cases at diagnosis. However, the extra copy of 3q was lost during the transformation process in both tumors. Additionally, the Karpas 1718 cell line, which was derived from a patient with transformed SMZL and carried a trisomy of 3q, also evidenced the spontaneous loss of the extra 3q during the culturing process. Other acquired abnormalities observed exclusiv…
Midregion PTHrP regulates Rip1 and caspase expression in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells.
2007
It was previously reported that the midregion PTHrP domain (38-94)-amide restrains growth and invasion "in vitro", causes striking toxicity and accelerates death of some breast cancer cell lines, the most responsive being MDA-MB231 whose tumorigenesis was also attenuated "in vivo". In addition, we have demonstrated that midregion PTHrP is imported in the nucleoplasm of cultured MDA-MB231 cells, and that "in vitro" it can bind chromatin of metaphase spread preparations and also an isolated 20-mer oligonucleotide, thereby appearing endowed with a putative transcription factor-like DNA-binding ability. Here, we examined whether PTHrP (38-94)-amide was able to modulate the expression of genes e…