Search results for "complex"
showing 10 items of 5889 documents
Enzymatic and Chemo-Enzymatic Approaches Towards Natural and Non-Natural Alkaloids: Indoles, Isoquinolines, and Others
2010
Abstract The multi-step enzyme catalysed biosyntheses of monoterpenoid indole and isoquinoline alkaloids are described. Special emphasis is placed on those pathways leading to alkaloids of pharmacological and medicinal significance which have been fully elucidated at the enzyme level. The successful identification and cloning of cDNAs of single enzymes and their application provides great opportunities to develop novel strategies for both in vitro and in vivo alkaloid production in whole plants or tissue cultures, as well as in microbial systems such as Escherichia coli and yeast. Enzyme crystallisation, 3D analyses and site-directed mutation allowed rational engineering of enzyme substrate…
Effects of compost input and tillage intensity on soil microbial biomass and activity under Mediterranean conditions
2010
Organic amendment and tillage reduction are two common practices to contrast soil organic matter decline, thus promoting sustainable cropping and carbon sequestration. In a horticultural land use system under Mediterranean climate, we evaluated the 9-year effects of two compost inputs (15 and 30 t ha−1 y−1, low and high input, respectively) and two tillage intensities (intensive and reduced) on soil macronutrients concentration, microbial biomass and activity. Total organic C, total N and POlsen were smaller in plots amended at low input, whilst intensive tillage decreased them at both compost inputs. These decreases in intensively tilled plots was ascribed to the disruption of soil aggrega…
Redox Materials by the Covalent Entrapment of Redox-Active Dirhodium(II,II) Species in a Siloxane Network
2004
Hydrolysis and polycondensation of the coupling agent (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APS), axially coordinated to the redox-active complex [Rh 2 (form) 2 (CH 3 COO) 2 -(APS) 2 ], lead to the insertion of redox-active inorganic microdomains into a siloxane network; the new polymers undergo cyclic redox reactions indicating that dirhodium(II,II) centres retain their redox activity even when incorporated into siloxane networks.
Cooperative High-Temperature Spin Crossover Accompanied by a Highly Anisotropic Structural Distortion
2016
Spin transitions are a spectacular example of molecular switching that can provoke extreme electronic and structural reorganizations in coordination compounds. A new 3D cyanoheterometallic framework, [Fe(pz)(Au(CN)2)2], has been synthesized in which a highly cooperative spin crossover has been observed at 367 and 349 K in heating and cooling modes, respectively. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed a complete transition between the diamagnetic and paramagnetic states of the iron centres. The low-spin-to-high-spin transition induced a drastic structural distortion involving a large one-directional expansion (ca. 10.6%) and contraction (ca. 9.6%) of the lattice. Negative thermal expansion along th…
Sn<sup>IV</sup> and Zr<sup>IV</sup> Compounds of a <i>C</i>&l…
2017
This contribution describes the synthesis and structural characterization of a triaminoguanidinium (TAG)-based ligand [H6(OMe)3Limin]BF4 (1) containing imine bonds (Limin) and its reduction with a dimethylamino borane complex to the corresponding amine compound (Lamin)[H9(OMe)3Lamin]OTs (2). In solution, both ligands are C3-symmetric but crystal structures show the great influence of the reduction on the molecular structure. We show that the planar imine ligand is converted to a highly flexible compound which has nine potential coordination sites, three phenoxy and six amine donors, for binding metal ions. First solid state structures of 1:1 (metal:ligand) coordination compounds with SnIV a…
Synthesis, Protonation and Cu II Complexes of Two Novel Isomeric Pentaazacyclophane Ligands: Potentiometric, DFT, Kinetic and AMP Recognition Studies
2008
The synthesis and coordination chemistry of two novel ligands, 2,6,9,12,16-pentaaza[17]metacyclophane (L1) and 2,6,9,12,16-pentaaza[17]paracyclophane (L2), is described. Potentiometric studies indicate that L1 and L2 form a variety of mononuclear complexes the stability constants of which reveal a change in the denticity of the ligand when moving from L1 to L2, a behaviour that can be qualitatively explained by the inability of the paracyclophanes to simultaneously use both benzylic nitrogen atoms for coordination to a single metal centre. In contrast, the formation of dinuclear hydroxylated complexes is more favoured for the paraL2 ligand. DFT calculations have been carried out to compare …
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Nitromethane to α-Keto Esters Catalyzed by Copper(II)-Iminopyridine Complexes.
2008
The copper complex of a chiral iminopyridine easily prepared from (R)-(−)-fenchone and picolylamine catalyzes the enantioselective Henry (nitroaldol) reaction between nitromethane and α-keto esters. Good yields and modest to good enantioselectivities are obtained for a wide range of α-keto esters, bearing aromatic, alkyl or alkenyl groups attached to the ketone carbonyl group.
Large Scale Synthesis of Mono- and Di-urethane Derivatives of Lysine.
1999
Orthogonally protected diurethane derivatives of lysine are valuable materials for peptide syntheses. An example is ZLys(Boc), which is exploited in the industrial production of certain well-established peptide drugs. 3,4) Another derivative is Fmoc-Lys(Boc), which is in common use in the laboratory synthesis of peptides. 5) The simplest route to these lysine derivatives seems to be using the copper complex for simultaneous protection of the a-amino and a-carboxyl function, N e -tert-butoxycarbonylation and then copper detachment. The obtained Lys(Boc) might be then subjected to N a -benzyloxycarbonylation.
Effective pair potential between charged nanoparticles at high volume fractions
2017
Simulations of charged colloidal dispersions are technically challenging. One possible workaround consists in reducing the system to the colloids only, whose interactions are described through an effective pair potential, wf. Still, the determination of wf is difficult mainly because it depends on the colloidal density, ϕ. Here we propose to calculate wf from simulations of a pair of colloids placed in a cubic box with periodic boundary conditions. The variation in ϕ is mimicked by an appropriate change in the concentration of counterions neutralized by an homogeneous background charge. The method is tested at the level of the primitive model. A good description of the structure of the coll…
Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Molecular Materials Formed by Tetrathiafulvalene Radicals and Magnetic Trimeric Clusters of Dimetallic Oxalate‐Bridged Compl…
2003
The first examples of trimeric, dimetallic, pure oxalate-bridged complexes [ox = (C2O4)2−] have been synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically for the two new series of crystalline molecular assemblies formulated as (TTF)4{MII(H2O)2[MIII(ox)3]2}·nH2O [for MIII = Cr; MII = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3), Ni (4), Cu (5) and Zn (6); for MIII = Fe; MII = Mn (7), Fe (8), Co (9), Ni (10) and Zn (11)]. Both series (Cr2M and Fe2M) are isostructural. The crystal structure of (TTF)4{Mn(H2O)2[Cr(ox)3]2}⋅14H2O (1) [monoclinic, space group C2/c (no. 15), a = 13.240(5) A, b = 19.450(5) A, c = 27.690(5) A, β = 97.63(5)°, V = 7068(3) A3 and Z = 4] shows alternating layers of the organic radical T…