Search results for "computer.file_format"
showing 10 items of 214 documents
Image Compression by 2D Motif Basis
2011
Approaches to image compression and indexing based on extensions to 2D of some of the Lempel-Ziv incremental parsing techniques have been proposed in the recent past. In these approaches, an image is decomposed into a number of patches, consisting each of a square or rectangular solid block. This paper proposes image compression techniques based on patches that are not necessarily solid blocks, but are affected instead by a controlled number of undetermined or don't care pixels. Such patches are chosen from a set of candidate motifs that are extracted in turn from the image 2D motif basis, the latter consisting of a compact set of patterns that result from the autocorrelation of the image w…
The Selection and Deselection of Technocratic Ministers in Democratic Spain
2017
This chapter analyses the presence of non-political ministers in the Spanish cabinet in the democratic period since 1977, where one out of five ministers did not belong to the ruling party at the time of her appointment and one out of three can be considered as a non-political minister. By observing the selection and deselection of these individuals, it shows the cabinet dynamic behind the ministerial appointments and the differences between the more political type of ministers and those coming from outside political pathways. Despite some outstanding exceptions, non-political ministers are often recruited from outside the parliament and have fewer chances to develop a relevant ministerial …
Executive Politics in Spain
2020
The chapter offers an overview of the main features of executive politics in democratic Spain. Adopting a core executive approach, it focuses on the actors and the processes defining the interaction and the power relationship between the prime minister, the ministers, and the cabinet at the national level. The main argument discusses the ‘presidentialization’ thesis in Spain. Instead, it proposes a more complex dynamics based in the exchange of power resources among actors within the government. Although institutional and political factors – like party politics and the personalization of politics – have favoured the prime minister’s predominance, other factors help to counterbalance this tr…
DEXML: A First Step Toward a UML Based Implementation Framework for PLCS
2011
Data exchange specifications not only must be broad and general to achieve acceptance, but also must be customizable in a controlled and interoperable manner to be useful. The Product Life Cycle Support (PLCS) suite of data exchange specifications (known as DEXs) uses templates to enable controlled customizability without sacrificing breadth or interoperability. DEXs are business context-specific subsets of ISO 10303 Application Protocol (AP) 239, subject to additional constraints imposed by the templates. A PLCS template defines how AP239 entities and their attributes will be instantiated using an externally-defined controlled vocabulary defined in a Reference Data Library. Template instan…
A Stevedore's protein knot.
2009
Protein knots, mostly regarded as intriguing oddities, are gradually being recognized as significant structural motifs. Seven distinctly knotted folds have already been identified. It is by and large unclear how these exceptional structures actually fold, and only recently, experiments and simulations have begun to shed some light on this issue. In checking the new protein structures submitted to the Protein Data Bank, we encountered the most complex and the smallest knots to date: A recently uncovered α-haloacid dehalogenase structure contains a knot with six crossings, a so-called Stevedore knot, in a projection onto a plane. The smallest protein knot is present in an as yet unclassified …
Proteins' Knotty Problems
2018
Abstract Knots in proteins are increasingly being recognized as an important structural concept, and the folding of these peculiar structures still poses considerable challenges. From a functional point of view, most protein knots discovered so far are either enzymes or DNA-binding proteins. Our comprehensive topological analysis of the Protein Data Bank reveals several novel structures including knotted mitochondrial proteins and the most deeply embedded protein knot discovered so far. For the latter, we propose a novel folding pathway based on the idea that a loose knot forms at a terminus and slides to its native position. For the mitochondrial proteins, we discuss the folding problem fr…
A computer system to perform structure comparison using TOPS representations of protein structure
2001
We describe the design and implementation of a fast topology-based method for protein structure comparison. The approach uses the TOPS topological representation of protein structure, aligning two structures using a common discovered pattern and generating measure of distance derived from an insert score. Heavy use is made of a constraint-based pattern-matching algorithm for TOPS diagrams that we have designed and described elsewhere (Bioinformatics 15(4) (1999) 317). The comparison system is maintained at the European Bioinformatics Institute and is available over the Web at tops.ebi.ac.uk/tops. Users submit a structure description in Protein Data Bank (PDB) format and can compare it with …
OpenTIMS, TimsPy, and TimsR: Open and Easy Access to timsTOF Raw Data
2021
The Bruker timsTOF Pro is an instrument that couples trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) to high-resolution time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). For proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics applications, the instrument is typically interfaced with a liquid chromatography (LC) system. The resulting LC-TIMS-MS data sets are, in general, several gigabytes in size and are stored in the proprietary Bruker Tims data format (TDF). The raw data can be accessed using proprietary binaries in C, C++, and Python on Windows and Linux operating systems. Here we introduce a suite of computer programs for data accession, including OpenTIMS, TimsR, and TimsPy. OpenTIMS is a C++ library capable …
Prospective computational design and in vitro bio-analytical tests of new chemical entities as potential selective CYP17A1 lyase inhibitors
2019
[EN] The development and advancement of prostate cancer (PCa) into stage 4, where it metastasize, is a major problem mostly in elder males. The growth of PCa cells is stirred up by androgens and androgen receptor (AR). Therefore, therapeutic strategies such as blocking androgens synthesis and inhibiting AR binding have been explored in recent years. However, recently approved drugs (or in clinical phase) failed in improving the expected survival rates for this metastatic-castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. The selective CYP17A1 inhibition of 17,20-lyase route has emerged as a novel strategy. Such inhibition blocks the production of androgens everywhere they are found in t…
Cu Polyimidazole Thioether Complexes : Comparison of RDF's Reconstructed from XAFS and XRD Data
1997
Radial distribution functions (RDF) reconstructed from XAFS data (Cu K-edge at low and room temperatures) are compared with RDF's constructed from XRD crystallographic data of Cu polyimidazole thioether complexes. New EDA software package possibilities are used to reconstruct RDFs: (i) model independent RDF reconstruction, and (ii) multi shell - cumulant fitting. RDF's obtained from XRD data are broadened with Debye Waller factors calculated from XAFS. This way the structural disorder (set of distances) and thermal (vibrational) disorder are quantitatively taken into account in each RDF reconstruction approach. Within experimental error the three sets of RDF'S agree well with each other for…