Search results for "consumption"
showing 10 items of 1796 documents
Energy retrofit of a single-family house: Life cycle net energy saving and environmental benefits
2013
Abstract When a building undergoes a retrofit project, the goal of assessing energy and environmental performances of retrofit actions is a complex matter. Building and its environment are complex systems in which all sub-systems are strongly interdependent and influence the overall efficiency performance. In the following paper, starting from a literature review of building life-cycle studies, the authors highlight that there is a strong interplay among all the phases of a building life-cycle, as each one can affect one or more of the others. In detail, starting from the results of a “cradle to grave” life cycle study of an existing Mediterranean single-family house, a set of retrofit acti…
Aspects and issues of daylighting assessment: A review study
2016
Abstract Proper assessment of indoor daylighting conditions can significantly reduce energy consumption due to artificial lighting and can improve indoor visual comfort. This paper gives a critical review of the fundamental aspects of daylighting indices with the aim to provide a broad overview of methods and indices available to assess daylighting from varying points of view. Assessments cover distribution, availability over time and in specific climatic contexts, uniformity in the space, visual comfort issues and the relations between each of these aspects and a proper building and lighting design. A special focus on the assessment of indoor spatial and temporal uniformity is given. An an…
Symbiotic N2 fixation activity in relation to C economy of Pisum sativum L. as a function of plant phenology
2003
The relationships between symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) activity and C fluxes were investigated in pea plants (Pisum sativum L. cv. Baccara) using simultaneous 13 C and 15 N labelling. Analysis of the dynamics of labelled CO 2 efflux from the nodulated roots allowed the different components associated with SNF activity to be calculated, together with root and nodule synthetic and maintenance processes. The carbon costs for the synthesis of roots and nodules were similar and decreased with time. Carbon lost by turnover, associated with maintenance processes, decreased with time for nodules while it increased in the roots. Nodule turnover remained higher than root turnover until flowering…
Risk Analysis of Human Anisakidosis Through the Consumption of the Blue Whiting, Micromesistius poutassou, Sold at Spanish Supermarkets
2012
European legislation directed at the catering industry concerning the prevention of anisakidosis proposes efficient measures to avoid human infestation, but this legislation does not directly address the consumer at the household level. Assessing the anisakidosis risk for consumers who buy fresh fish at supermarkets in Spain, 284 blue whiting, Micromesistius poutassou, specimens, originating from two fishing zones and seasons of capture, sold at five nationwide Spanish supermarket chains, were examined to identify the presence of anisakid species and analyze their prevalence and abundance in viscera and flesh. The potential influence of intrinsic (length and weight) and extrinsic (origin, s…
The darkest spectrum of Republica de Cromañón, Argentina: an auto-ethnography on a post-disaster (traumatic) site
2020
The turn of the century has brought many dangerous and unseen risks for the tourist system. The methodological limitation of risk perception theory to make safer destinations has led towards a new paradigm where risk-management the pace to post-disaster consumption. The precautionary logic, which plays a leading role in the risk perception paradigm, is replaced by a type of morbid consumption (ipso facto) where adaptation is vital. Having said this, post-disaster tourism flourishes in a moment where the tourism industry -if not tourism epistemology- seems to be in crisis. The present paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current post-disaster tourism research to unpack the pro…
A combined relay-selection and routing protocol for cooperative wireless sensor networks
2012
International audience; In wireless sensor networks several constraints decrease communications performances. In fact, channel randomness and energy restrictions make classical routing protocols inefficient. Therefore, the design of new routing protocols that cope with these constraints become mandatory. The main objective of this paper is to present a multi-objective routing algorithm RBCR that computes routing path based on the energy consumption and channel qualities. Additionally, the channel qualities are evaluated based on the presence of relay nodes. Compared to AODV and AODV associated to a cooperative MAC protocol, RBCR provides better performances in term of delivery ratio, power …
A Network Protocol to Enhance Robustness in Tree-Based WSNs Using Data Aggregation
2007
This paper proposes a data gathering strategy for wireless sensor networks and an implementation based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The algorithm combines the benefits of single-path and multi-path routing strategies in a hybrid solution which makes use of alternative paths when necessary. We adopt a caching and retransmission technique, which exploits some peculiar features of data aggregation, with the use of implicit acknowledgments of reception. The paper also discusses simulation results that show how the mentioned techniques, combined with exploitation of the features of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard have been used to obtain an efficient protocol that takes energy consumption into acco…
Rice cooking and sensory quality
2019
International audience; This chapter provides a state-of-the-art review of the diversity and dynamics of consumer demand with respect to the eating quality of rice worldwide. Quality includes both tangible measurable factors (rice characteristics) and the context of consumption. The main sensory attributes evaluated around the world are described, and their relationship with the diversity of consumer demand is discussed. Instrumental methods for predicting quality measured on either raw or cooked grains are reviewed. The changes that occur in the rice grain during cooking are described along with a modeling approach able to predict the changes and their spatial distribution in the rice grai…
Preference for astringent foods in children: no link with oral parameters
2006
International audience
Life Cycle Consumption and the Great Recession
2017
Using Italian Household Budget Survey data for the period 1997-2013, this paper estimates the life cycle profiles of consumption and cross-sectional variance in the Great Recession. The study examines age profiles for total and durable expenditure, and four subcomponents of non-durable expenditure. We document significant heterogeneity in the way the recession affects consumption and the variance within-cohorts. The crisis has entailed a fall in expenditure for the youngest cohorts, and a notable reduction of inequalities for the middle and oldest cohorts with some differences between high and low income elastic expenditure. We also found that socio-demographic factors account for a substan…