Search results for "controlled"
showing 10 items of 2729 documents
Controlled release of tyrosol and ferulic acid encapsulated in chitosan–gelatin films after electron beam irradiation
2016
Abstract This work deals with the study of the release kinetics of antioxidants (ferulic acid and tyrosol) incorporated into chitosan–gelatin edible films after irradiation processes. The aim was to determine the influence of electron beam irradiation (at 60 kGy) on the retention of antioxidants in the film, their release in water (pH=7) at 25 °C, in relation with the barrier and mechanical properties of biopolymer films. The film preparation process coupled to the irradiation induced a loss of about 20% of tyrosol but did not affect the ferulic acid content. However, 27% of the ferulic acid remained entrapped in the biopolymer network during the release experiments whereas all tyrosol was …
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Values in the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial (ONTARGET)
2012
In the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial, telmisartan (T; 80 mg daily) and ramipril (R; 10 mg daily) caused similar clinic blood pressure (BP) reductions, with a similar incidence of cardiovascular and renal events. The R+T combination lowered clinic BP somewhat more with no further cardiovascular or renal protection. The aim of this substudy was to see whether these clinic BP changes reflected the changes of 24-hour BP, a BP with a better prognostic value. In 422 patients in whom 24-hour BP monitoring was performed either before or after 6 to 24 months of treatment, demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in the 3 treated groups.…
Prognostic value of blood pressure in patients with high vascular risk in the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in combination with Ramipril Global Endpo…
2009
Hypertension guidelines advise aggressive blood pressure (BP) lowering in patients with diabetes or high cardiovascular risk, but supporting evidence is limited. We analysed the impact of BP on cardiovascular events in well treated high-risk patients enrolled in a large clinical trial (Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial).Twenty-five thousand five hundred and eighty-eight patients with atherosclerotic disease or diabetes with organ damage, tolerant to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, were randomized to ramipril, telmisartan or both. We related the primary composite outcome and its components to: baseline SBP; SBP changes from baseline to…
Ureteral Stones: Shockwave Lithotripsy or Ureteroscopy, Which is Best?
2021
Background Renal stone disease is common and can cause emergency presentation with acute pain due to ureteric colic. International guidelines have stated the need for a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) to determine whether a non-invasive outpatient (shockwave lithotripsy [SWL]) or surgical (ureteroscopy [URS]) intervention should be the first-line treatment for those needing active intervention. This has implications for shaping clinical pathways. Objective To report a pragmatic multicentre non-inferiority RCT comparing SWL with URS. Design, setting, and participants This trial tested for non-inferiority of up to two sessions of SWL compared with URS as initial treatment for ur…
Diuretic vs. placebo in intermediate-risk acute pulmonary embolism: a randomized clinical trial
2022
Abstract Aims The role of diuretics in patients with intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is controversial. In this multicentre, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned normotensive patients with intermediate-risk PE to receive either a single 80 mg bolus of furosemide or a placebo. Methods and results Eligible patients had at least a simplified PE Severity Index (sPESI) ≥1 with right ventricular dysfunction. The primary efficacy endpoint assessed 24 h after randomization included (i) absence of oligo-anuria and (ii) normalization of all sPESI items. Safety outcomes were worsening renal function and major adverse outcomes at 48 hours defined by death, cardiac arrest, mechanical ventil…
Sublingual immunotherapy: administration, dosages, use.
2009
Allergen extracts for sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) are currently marketed by several manufacturers, with administration schedules and amount of allergen(s) quite variable in the different products, although almost all are standardized biologically or immunologically. The allergen extracts for SLIT are available in two main pharmaceutical forms: solution to be delivered by drop-counters, pre-dosed actuators (mini-pumps) or disposable single-dose vials; tablets with appropriate composition that allows a slow (1-2 minutes) dissolution in the mouth in contact with saliva. In Europe, SLIT is prescribed in general for one or a few allergens, and mixtures are less used, though there is no immun…
A Self-Contained Cylinder Drive with Indirectly Controlled Hydraulic Lock
2020
This paper presents a self-contained pump-controlled hydraulic linear drive including an innovative load holding sub-circuit. For safety critical applications such as crane manipulators, locking valves or load holding valves are enforced by legislation, but the load holding functionality may also be used actively to decrease the energy consumption for applications where the load is kept stationary for longer periods of time. The system proposed in this paper is based on a simple hydraulic architecture using two variablespeed electric motors each connected to a fixed-displacement pump. This architecture is well-known inacademic literature, but in this paper a novel load holding sub-circuit h…
Liposomes as nonspecific nanocarriers for 5-Fluorouracil in the presence of cyclodextrins
2021
Abstract 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of anticancer drugs with broad activity. Due to its severe side effects, recent studies concentrate on new ways of directed 5-FU delivery and its release in ill tissue. One of selective carriers could be cyclodextrins and liposomes. The combination of novel methods, leading to formation of inclusion complexes (IC) between host molecule of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) or 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and 5-FU guest and its subsequent encapsulation in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes is studied experimentally in the present work. Several methods are applied to proof the encapsulation of the analysed drug and its release over time at 37 …
Evaluation of the optimal renewable electricity mix for Lampedusa island: The adoption of a technical and economical methodology
2020
Abstract Worldwide, the majority of small islands not connected to the main grid is still dependent on fossil fuels. From an economic and environmental point of view, this condition is no more sustainable given the high costs for electricity generation and the high level of pollutant emissions. Furthermore, the dependence on fossil fuel represents a risk for the security of the supply of several small developing Countries since they are obliged to import those resources from foreign Countries. The introduction of renewable energy sources in small islands represents a valid solution to solve these problems. In this context, the paper investigates the case of Lampedusa, a small Italian island…
IqYmune® is an effective maintenance treatment for multifocal motor neuropathy: A randomised, double‐blind, multi‐center cross‐over non‐inferiority s…
2018
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is the gold-standard for maintenance treatment of multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). This phase III, randomised, double-blind, multi-centre, active-control, crossover study, aimed to evaluate the non-inferiority of IqYmune® relative to Kiovig®, primarily based on efficacy criteria. Twenty-two adult MMN patients, treated with any brand of IVIg (except Kiovig® or IqYmune®) at a stable maintenance dose within the range of 1 to 2 g/kg every 4 to 8 weeks, were randomised to receive either Kiovig® followed by IqYmune®, or IqYmune® followed by Kiovig®. Each product was administered for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was the difference between IqYmune® and Kiovig® …