Search results for "convergence"
showing 10 items of 655 documents
The advanced use of mobile phones in five European countries
2014
The paper explores the advanced users of mobile phones in Italy, France, Germany, Spain and the UK (EU5 countries) and aims to clarify the social meaning of advanced use. The mobile phone is seen as a strategic tool of social labour, whose capabilities are exploited to a different extent in the five studied countries. The analysis is based on a cross-national survey data collected in 2009 (N = 7,255). First, the results show that there are substantial differences in the advanced use of mobile phone and its predictors in Europe. Generally, only about one third of the studied mobile features are exploited. British and French people are the most advanced users, followed by German, Spanish and …
Great Recession and club convergence in Europe: A cross‐country, cross‐region panel analysis (2000–2015)
2020
The paper aims at investigating the impact of the Great Recession on per capita GDP convergence process across European regions and countries. Using the time-varying factor model developed by Phillips and Sul for the period 2000–2015 and two different merging procedures to identify clubs, we provide evidence of the diverging impact of the Great Recession “between” the higher and the lower convergence clubs at both regional and country levels as well as of the strengthening of the convergence process “within” most clubs. In addition, we add further evidence to the common belief of a “multi-speed” Europe by contrasting Eastern European countries' and regions' behavior vis-à-vis original Europ…
Patterns of Regional Income Distribution in Uruguay (1872–2012): A Story of Agglomeration, Natural Resources and Public Policies
2020
In this chapter, we provide a new data set of regional GDP and GDP per capita for Uruguay between 1870 and 2012. As regards the long-term evolution of regional inequality, we find evidence of a persistent decline from the last third of the nineteenth century up to the 1960s with a strong reversal of the process from then on. The first decade of the twenty-first century, however, shows a new decreasing trend in regional inequality. Montevideo has represented a large share, both demographically and economically, over time as consequence of a privileged access to sea and the fact that the city was built around a natural port with excellent conditions. In addition, agglomeration forces identifi…
The Importance of the Sustainability of the Romanian Convergence Process to the Euro Zone
2018
Abstract Since 2007, Romania has been under the under the glance of experts in the European Union, but also under the strict monitoring of the NBR and also under the pressure of citizens and investors' expectations about the moment of euro adoption. My research concerns have also been channeled to this point of maximum interest, impact and timeliness, which is why I have proposed through this paper to highlight a synthetic situation regarding the fulfillment of the convergence criteria from the moment of accession to the European Union, to the present. The objective of this paper is to reflect, in dynamics and correlation, the degree of fulfillment of the nominal and real convergence criter…
Fast Image Restoration Algorithms Based on PDE Models Using Modified Hopfield Neural Network
2010
Two image restoration algorithms based on modified Hop field neural network and variational partial differential equations (PDE) were proposed in our previous work [1, 2]. But the convergence rate of the proposed algorithms was slow. In this paper, we develop a fast update rule based on modified Hop field neural network (MHNN) of continuous state change and two fast image restoration algorithms. Experimental results show that, when compared with the previous algorithms, our proposed algorithms have better performance both in convergence rate and in image restoration quality.
Spectral Density Estimate for Stable Processes Observed with an Additive Error
2018
International audience; In this paper, a symmetric alpha stable process where its spectral representation has an additive error is considered. The error is supposed to be constant. A periodogram as estimator of the spectral density and its rate of convergence are given. In order to give an asymptotically unbiased and consistent estimate of the spectral density, this periodogram is smoothed by an adapted spectral window. The rate of convergence is given.
A spectral approach to a constrained optimization problem for the Helmholtz equation in unbounded domains
2014
We study some convergence issues for a recent approach to the problem of transparent boundary conditions for the Helmholtz equation in unbounded domains (Ciraolo et al. in J Comput Phys 246:78–95, 2013) where the index of refraction is not required to be constant at infinity. The approach is based on the minimization of an integral functional, which arises from an integral formulation of the radiation condition at infinity. In this paper, we implement a Fourier–Chebyshev collocation method to study some convergence properties of the numerical algorithm; in particular, we give numerical evidence of some convergence estimates available in the literature (Ciraolo in Helmholtz equation in unbou…
Full modal analysis of confocal coaxial elliptical waveguides
2000
An efficient method for analysing confocal coaxial elliptical waveguides is presented. Using elliptical coordinates, the differential Helmholtz equation is transformed into a linear matrix eigenvalue problem by means of the method of moments. The expressions of the vector mode functions for the full spectrum of these guides are constructed, including the TEM, TM and TE modes. The convergence of the method is very good, giving an efficient and accurate code. Comparisons with numerical results found in the technical literature validate the presented theory.
Second-Order CASSCF Algorithm with the Cholesky Decomposition of the Two-Electron Integrals
2021
In this contribution, we present the implementation of a second-order complete active space–self-consistent field (CASSCF) algorithm in conjunction with the Cholesky decomposition of the two-electron repulsion integrals. The algorithm, called norm-extended optimization, guarantees convergence of the optimization, but it involves the full Hessian and is therefore computationally expensive. Coupling the second-order procedure with the Cholesky decomposition leads to a significant reduction in the computational cost, reduced memory requirements, and an improved parallel performance. As a result, CASSCF calculations of larger molecular systems become possible as a routine task. The performance …
Numerically solving the relativistic Grad–Shafranov equation in Kerr spacetimes: numerical techniques
2018
The study of the electrodynamics of static, axisymmetric and force-free Kerr magnetospheres relies vastly on solutions of the so called relativistic Grad-Shafranov equation (GSE). Different numerical approaches to the solution of the GSE have been introduced in the literature, but none of them has been fully assessed from the numerical point of view in terms of efficiency and quality of the solutions found. We present a generalization of these algorithms and give detailed background on the algorithmic implementation. We assess the numerical stability of the implemented algorithms and quantify the convergence of the presented methodology for the most established setups (split-monopole, parab…