Search results for "cooperation"

Do Children Cooperate Conditionally?:Adapting the Strategy Method for First-Graders

2020

We develop a public goods game (PGG) to measure cooperation and conditional cooperation in young children. Our design addresses several obstacles in adapting simultaneous and sequential PGGs to children who are not yet able to read or write, do not possess advanced abilities to calculate payoffs, and only have a very limited attention span. It features the combination of haptic offline explanation, fully standardized audiovisual instructions, computerized choices based on touchscreens, and a suitable incentive scheme. Applying our experimental protocol to 129 German first-graders, we find that already 6-year-olds cooperate conditionally and that the relative frequency of different cooperati…

Joint Route Planning under Varying Market Conditions

2006

Purpose - To provide empirical evidence on the level of savings that can be attained by joint route planning and how these savings depend on specific market characteristics.Design/methodology/approach - Joint route planning is a measure that companies can take to decrease the costs of their distribution activities. Essentially, this can either be achieved through horizontal cooperation or through outsourcing distribution to a Logistics Service Provider.The synergy value is defined as the difference between distribution costs in the original situation where all entities perform their orders individually, and the costs of a system where all orders are collected and route schemes are set up si…

Party Positions on Differentiated European Integration in the Nordic Countries: Growing Together, Growing Apart?

2020

The Nordic countries constitute an interesting laboratory for the study of differentiated European Integration. Even though Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden share some historical, cultural, socio-economic and political characteristics, all those countries have ultimately opted for a different kind of relationship with the EU. Whereas Finland, a member of the Eurozone since its inception in 1999, has been considered to be part of the Union’s ‘inner core’ for quite some time, Iceland and Norway, in contrast, have opted to remain outside the EU albeit closely associated via the European Economic Area Agreement. The variation of relationships has also been reflected in Nordic parti…

Office 2.0: a web 2.0 tool for international collaborative research

2008

Uncertainty-reducing cooperation scripts in online learning environments

2004

Online learning courses can create new interaction situations for participants who have not previously worked with each other. Initially, there is some degree of uncertainty between participants in these interaction situations. According to the uncertainty reduction theory, low uncertainty increases theamount of discourse and decreases information seeking. Thus, uncertainty may influence online discourseand learning. However, the relation of uncertainty reduction to learning outcomes has not yet been investigated systematically. Cooperation scripts may reduce uncertainty, and therefore enhance learning.A cooperation script, which aims to reduce uncertainty at a cognitive level, was chosen f…

Rebuilding a Cluster while protecting knowledge within Low-medium-tech supplier SMEs: A Spanish and French comparison

2021

International audience; Most of SMEs are engaged in open innovation practices, but they do not benefit from open innovation or from patenting in the same way as larger firms do. At the same time SMEs, as territorialized suppliers, play a crucial role within evolving regional specialization. In this context the purpose of our study is to examine how low and medium technology supplier SMEs learn and organize themselves at a territorial level to address the challenge of IP protection in an open innovation paradigm. We used a qualitative method with a longitudinal multi-case study involving 27 companies with a historical lance to compare the territorial dynamics of knowledge protection within c…

Ģimenes un pirmsskolas sadarbības iespējas 2 – 3 gadus vecu bērnu sociālās adaptēšanās sekmēšanā pirmsskolas izglītības iestādē

2020

Bērns 2-3 gadu vecumā ir ļoti atkarīgs no vecākiem, nepieciešams atbalsts, dalība. Pedagogam bērnudārzā ir nozīmīga loma bērnu adaptācijas veicināšanā. Teorijā tiek skatīti tādi jautājumi, kā bērna vecumposma, attīstības raksturlielumu saistība ar adaptācijas ilgumu. Kvalifikācijas darba mērķis: empīriski izpētīt ģimenes un pirmsskolas sadarbības iespējas 2-3 gadus vecu bērnu sociālās adaptēšanās sekmēšanā pirmsskolas izglītības iestādē. Iegūtie rezultāti liecina, ka lielākās problēmas sadarbībā starp skolotājiem un vecākiem bērnu adaptācijas bērnudārzā sekmēšanā – nepietiekamās zināšanas, informācija netiek saņemta savlaicīgi, paļaušanās uz intuīciju, radu ieteikumiem. Pedagogs ir virzītāj…

Evolution of conflict and cooperation in human groups

2018

The scale of human cooperation and conflict is outstanding and evolutionarily challenging to explain. Cooperative and hostile behaviours have deep evolutionary roots and adaptive functions. However, theoretical models differ in how they explain these functions. Thus, my thesis aims to empirically test functional predictions about human cooperation and conflict. These experiments use a behavioural ecological framework, and pay also attention to the effects of social and developmental environments. In the first two chapters, I studied how group composition affects cooperation and individual success, and how people react to information of each other’s cooperative behaviour. I found that cooper…

Cooperation in Managing the Environmental Function in Agriculture as a Condition for Integration of the Borderland Areas of the Czech Republic and Po…

2018

The aim of the study is to justify the need for cooperation in the sphere of managing the environmental function in the agriculture of the borderland areas of Poland and the Czech Republic. Until now, thanks to the so-called “green structure of the Common Agricultural Policy” the environment-related requirements in agriculture have come from the top and have been of the universal character. In the agricultural policy following 2020, it is state governments and multilevel management structures which will have been responsible for programming and implementing environmental and climatic strategies in this sector. In borderland areas, solutions that will be accepted may become a source of confl…

Illusions of Friendship? The Soviet Union and Russia in the Finnish Press

2004

Abstract: The image of the Soviet Union and Russia has changed dramatically in the press in Finland after the World War II. This article is based on a frequency analysis in which mentions of certain countries, groups of states and international organizations were coded (like the Soviet Union/Russia, United States, NATO, UN etc.). To make the analysis more revealing and interesting, a distinction was made whether the mention was made in the context of (1) alliance, friendship and cooperation, or in the context of (2) distance, restriction and enemy image, or (3) both in a positive and in a negative context. The time frame was from 1945 till the end of the century, and the newspapers chosen f…