Search results for "copd"

Tiotropium + olodaterol in patients with moderate to severe COPD with chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema

2017

Introduction: Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are two COPD phenotypes that can affect pharmacologic treatment decisions. Aims: Tiotropium (T) + olodaterol (O) was established for COPD treatment in two large Phase III trials. This post hoc analysis assessed the effect of T+O on lung function, symptoms and health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients (pts) with investigator-defined bronchitis and/or emphysema. Methods: TONADO ® 1+2 were replicate, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trials. Pts with GOLD 2–4 COPD were randomised to once-daily T+O 2.5/5 or 5/5 µg, T 2.5 or 5 µg, or O 5 µg via Respimat ® inhaler. 1 End points included forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) area…

Contribution of bronchial biopsies in the evaluation of pathogenesis and progression of COPD.

2016

This review summarizes and discusses the lung pathology of COPD patients emphasising on inflammatory cell phenotypes and mechanisms which prevail in different clinical conditions. In bronchial biopsies a series of events takes place during the progression of the disease from mild to severe. T-lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ cells and macrophages are the prevalent inflammatory cells in the lungs of healthy smokers and patients with mild/moderate COPD. This T-cell activation seems to be sustained by CD4+, CD8+ cells and macrophages expressing transcription factors and Tc1 cytokines such as NF-kB, STAT4 and IFNγ. In contrast, severe disease is characterized by lymphocytes producing greater amo…

Clinical implications of airway hyper-responsiveness in COPD

2006

COPD represents one of the leading causes of mortality in the general population. This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and COPD and its relevance for clinical practice. We performed a MEDLINE search that yielded a total of 1919 articles. Eligible studies were defined as articles that addressed specific aspects of AHR in COPD, such as prevalence, pathogenesis, or prognosis. AHR appears to be present in at least one out of two individuals with COPD. The occurrence of AHR in COPD is influenced by multiple mechanisms, among which impairment of factors that oppose airway narrowing plays an important role. The main determinants of AHR are reduct…

Physician specialty as a source of heterogeneity in the care of patients with COPD.

2011

Variations in the prevalence of childhood asthma and wheeze in MeDALL cohorts in Europe.

2017

While there is evidence for variations in prevalence rates of childhood wheeze and asthma between countries, longitudinal, individual-level data are needed to understand these differences. The aim of this study was to examine variations in prevalence rates of childhood asthma, wheeze and wheeze with asthma in Europe. We analysed datasets from 10 MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy) cohorts in eight countries, representing 26 663 children, to calculate prevalence rates of wheeze and asthma by child age and wheeze with asthma at age 4 years. Harmonised variables included outcomes parent-reported wheeze and parent-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma, and covariates maternal education…

P141 2-year follow-up of COPD patients in the non-interventional ‘real-life’ daccord study in germany

2016

Introduction Although randomised, controlled trials are important in the development of new pharmacological treatments, they provide limited information on the ‘real life’ management of chronic diseases. Here, we analysed two-year follow-up data from the prospective, non-interventional, observational DACCORD study to evaluate the frequency of exacerbations and the evolution of disease severity using GOLD 2011 categorization. Methods COPD out-patients were recruited into DACCORD following either a change or initiation of COPD maintenance medication and followed up for 2 years. Data of 3137 patients that completed the 2-year follow-up were analysed; Exacerbation data were collected from the 6…

P46 Frequency of COPD exacerbations in the German DACCORD Registry

2015

Introduction In patients with COPD, exacerbations are among the most relevant safety measures. In this analysis of data from the observational DACCORD study, we report the frequency of exacerbations in a COPD population. Methods To get insights into occurrence and frequency of exacerbations, data from 4,123 patients were obtained from 349 primary and secondary care centres in Germany. To be eligible for entry into DACCORD, all patients had to have a COPD diagnosis (consistent with the German Disease Management Programme definition), and had to have a change in bronchodilator maintenance medication, prior to entry. Data collected included history and treatment of exacerbations 6 months prior…

P128 Pooled safety analysis of adjudicated serious adverse events with the combination of tiotropium + olodaterol: Abstract P128 Table 1

2015

Rationale This analysis aimed to obtain a comprehensive and objective safety assessment of the combination of tiotropium (T), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, with olodaterol (O), a long-acting β2-agonist, (T+O) in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Data from two, 52-week, pivotal Phase III trials investigating T+O 5/5 µg and T+O 2.5/5 µg versus T 2.5 µg, 5 µg and O 5 µg were pooled, and patient narratives and profiles of serious adverse-event (SAE) reports were reviewed by an independent Adjudication Committee. The committee members independently assessed all SAEs to determine if any deaths, hospitalisations or intubations were r…

CAT score single item analysis in patients with COPD: results from COSYCONET

2019

Abstract The COPD Assessment Test (CAT) is in widespread use for the evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We assessed whether the CAT items carry additional information beyond the sum score regarding COPD characteristics including emphysema. Patients of GOLD grades 1 to 4 from the COPD cohort COSYCONET (German COPD and Systemic Consequences - Comorbidities Network) with complete CAT data were included (n = 2270), of whom 493 had chest CT evaluated for the presence of emphysema. Comorbidities and lung function were assessed following standardised procedures. Cross-sectional data analysis was based on multiple regression analysis of the single CAT items ag…

Evaluation of Health Outcomes in Elderly Patients With Asthma and COPD Using Disease-Specific and Generic Instruments

2001

Abstract Objectives To compare the effects of asthma and COPD on health status (HS) in elderly patients, and to assess the correlation between disease-specific and generic instruments assessing HS. Design Multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study. Setting The Salute Respiratoria nell'Anziano (respiratory health in the elderly) Study network of outpatient departments. Patients One hundred ninety-eight asthma patients and 230 COPD patients ≥ 65 years old. Measurements HS was assessed by the Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and five generic outcomes: Barthel's index, 6-min walk test, mini mental state examination, geriatric depression scale (GDS), and quality-of-sleep in…