Search results for "cross-section"
showing 10 items of 2665 documents
Impact of lifestyle on metabolic syndrome in apparently healthy people.
2014
Parallel to the increase in obesity, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is continually increasing, with increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular atherosclerosis diseases. Despite the importance of this public health problem, the relative impact of diet and physical activity on MetS prevalence has yet to be established. We investigated the association between lifestyle, in terms of both habitual dietary pattern and physical activity, and MetS in a cohort of adults without known diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Four hundred seventy-seven randomly selected adult participants were cross-sectionally investigated. Each participant answered a food frequency questi…
Relationships between mild hyperuricaemia and aortic stiffness in untreated hypertensive patients.
2013
Background and aims: Clinical studies exploring the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and arterial stiffness yielded conflicting results. Only in a few of these studies, arterial distensibility was examined by measuring aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is considered the gold standard for evaluating arterial stiffness. In none of the previous investigations was the influence of SUA on aortic distensibility assessed, taking into account the effect of albuminuria. The purpose of our study was to comprehensively analyse the relationships between SUA and aortic PWV in a group of essential hypertensive patients. Methods and results: We enrolled 222 untreated and uncomplicated hype…
Association of renal resistive index with aortic pulse wave velocity in hypertensive patients
2014
Background: Recent data suggest that renal haemodynamic parameters obtained by duplex Doppler sonography, especially the intrarenal resistive index (RI), may be associated with systemic vascular changes. However, conflicting data exist about the independent relationship between aortic stiffness and RI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between RI and arterial stiffness, assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), in hypertensive patients. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We enrolled 264 hypertensive subjects aged between 30 and 70 years. They were divided into two groups, either with normal renal function (n=140) or with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n=124). E…
Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage
2005
MuleG, Nardi E, Cottone S, Cusimano P, Volpe V, Piazza G, MongioviR, Mezzatesta G, Andronico G, Cerasola G (Universitadi Palermo, Palermo, Italy). Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage. J Intern Med 2005; 257: 503-513. Objectives. The aim of our study was to analyse, in a wide group of essential hypertensive patients without diabetes mellitus, the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) (defined according to the criteria laid down in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults) on markers of preclinical cardiac, renal and retinal damage. Design. Cros…
Selective activation of shoulder, trunk, and arm muscles: A comparative analysis of different push-up variants
2015
Context The push-up is a widely used exercise for upper limb strengthening that can be performed with many variants. A comprehensive analysis of muscle activation during the ascendant phase (AP) and descendant phase (DP) in different variants could be useful for trainers and rehabilitators. Objective To obtain information on the effect of different push-up variants on the electromyography (EMG) of a large sample of upper limb muscles and to investigate the role of the trunk and abdomen muscles during the AP and DP. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting University laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Eight healthy, young volunteers without a history of upper extremity or spine injury.…
Ultrasonic Echo Intensity as a New Noninvasive In Vivo Biomarker of Frailty
2017
Objectives To investigate whether muscle quality based on echo intensity (EI) is associated with muscle strength (MS) and correlates with risk of frailty in elderly outpatients. Design Cross-sectional, experimental study. Setting Outpatient clinic. Participants Individuals aged 20 to 90 (N = 112). Individuals aged 20 to 59 participated as controls. Those aged 60 and older participated in the experimental group and were subdivided into robust, prefrail, and frail according to the Fried frailty criteria. Measurements EI, muscle thickness (MT), and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) of the anterior compartment of the thigh were measured using ultrasound images. MS was quantified using a hand dyn…
Association of simvastatin and hyperlipidemia with periodontal status and bone metabolism markers.
2014
Background: The objective of this study is to determine whether simvastatin consumption and hyperlipidemia are associated with a worse periodontal condition and specific bone activity biomarkers. Methods: This cross-sectional and analytic study includes 73 patients divided into three groups: 1) simvastatin-treated patients with hyperlipidemia (n = 29); 2) patients with hyperlipidemia treated by diet alone (n = 28); and 3) normolipidemic patients (controls, n = 16). The periodontal clinical variables of all participants were gathered, a blood sample was drawn from each to determine the lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein), se…
Heart rate variability in individuals with thoracic spinal cord injury
2014
Cross-sectional study. The main goal of our study was to explore the differences in heart rate variability (HRV) while sitting between able-bodied (AB) participants and paraplegic (P) individuals. The study was conducted in the Physical Therapy department and the Physical Education and Sports department of the University of Valencia and Vall d’Hebron Hospital. To record the HRV, a 1000-Hz Suunto Oy t6 heart rate monitor was used. The data were analyzed in the temporal and frequency domains, and nonlinear analysis was performed as well. We found significant differences between P and AB participants in SDNN: t(76)=2.81, P<0.01; root mean squared of the difference of successive RR intervals: t…
Total body skin examination for skin cancer screening in patients with focused complaints
2012
Background. The value of total body skin examination (TBSE) for skin cancer screening is controversial. Objective: We sought to determine whether TBSE could be helpful in patients with focused skin symptoms who would not otherwise have undergone TBSE. Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study consecutive adult patients were recruited during a period of 18 months. Physicians first inspected, problem areas and uncovered areas and then performed TBSE. Equivocal lesions detected in both steps were excised or biopsied. Primary outcomes were the absolute and relative risks of missing skin cancer and the number of patients needed to examine to detect melanoma or another maligna…
Characterizing psychosocial distress in melanoma patients using the expert rating instrument PO-Bado SF
2014
Background Although psychosocial distress has been evaluated well in cancer entities like breast or prostate cancer, its impact on melanoma patients still needs to be characterized. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate psychosocial distress in melanoma patients using an expert rating instrument [basic documentation for psycho-oncology short version (PO-Bado SF)]; (ii) determine associated demographic and clinical variables; and (iii) assess the acceptance of using PO-Bado SF as a routine procedure in a skin cancer unit. Methods A cross-sectional group of 696 melanoma patients was recruited. During the routine contact, doctors assessed the patients subjective distress using PO-B…