Search results for "cycle"
showing 10 items of 3119 documents
Arabidopsis Serine Decarboxylase 1 (SDC1) in Phospholipid and Amino Acid Metabolism
2018
Arabidopsis thaliana serine decarboxylase 1 (SDC1) catalyzes conversion of serine to ethanolamine, the first reaction step of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis. However, an involvement of SDC1 in amino acid metabolism remains elusive despite that serine is the substrate of SDC1. Here, we showed that SDC1 localizes in mitochondria although phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are known to be produced in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Moreover, we found that overexpression of SDC1 decreased levels of amino acid compounds derived from mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle. These results suggest that mitochondria-localized SDC1 plays an important role i…
RNase H1 and H2 Are Differentially Regulated to Process RNA-DNA Hybrids
2019
Summary: RNA-DNA hybrids are tightly regulated to ensure genome integrity. The RNase H enzymes RNase H1 and H2 contribute to chromosomal stability through the removal of RNA-DNA hybrids. Loss of RNase H2 function is implicated in human diseases of the nervous system and cancer. To better understand RNA-DNA hybrid dynamics, we focused on elucidating the regulation of the RNase H enzymes themselves. Using yeast as a model system, we demonstrate that RNase H1 and H2 are controlled in different manners. RNase H2 has strict cell cycle requirements, in that it has an essential function in G2/M for both R-loop processing and ribonucleotide excision repair. RNase H1, however, can function independe…
Bisphenolic compounds alter gene expression in MCF-7 cells through interaction with estrogen receptor α
2020
Plasticizers released from microplastic are increasingly viewed with concern. While adverse health effects induced by bisphenol A and its analogues on marine animals are well documented in the literature, the endocrine potential of bisphenolic compounds on human health remains elusive. We applied next generation sequencing (NGS) with the estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 treated with 17-β-estradiol (E2), bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol Z (BPZ) and tetramethyl bisphenol A (4MeBPA). We used molecular docking, microscale thermophoresis, ERα activation assay, and cell cycle experiments on MCF-7 and ERα overexpressing HEK293 cells to verify th…
Increased tumor vascularization is associated with the amount of immune competent PD‑1 positive cells in testicular germ cell tumors
2018
Testicular germ cell cancer in a metastatic state is curable with a cisplatin‑based first line chemotherapy. However, 10‑15% of these patients are resistant to first line chemotherapy and are thus left with only palliative options. Immunotherapies and inhibition of angiogenesis used in multiple types of cancer; however, the molecular context of angiogenesis and immune checkpoints in the development and progression of testicular cancers is still unknown. Therefore, the present study performed tissue micro array based analysis of 84 patients with immunohistochemistry of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‑1), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‑L1) and vascular endothelial growth factor recept…
Uncoupling of dynamin polymerization and GTPase activity revealed by the conformation-specific nanobody dynab
2017
Dynamin is a large GTPase that forms a helical collar at the neck of endocytic pits, and catalyzes membrane fission (Schmid and Frolov, 2011; Ferguson and De Camilli, 2012). Dynamin fission reaction is strictly dependent on GTP hydrolysis, but how fission is mediated is still debated (Antonny et al., 2016): GTP energy could be spent in membrane constriction required for fission, or in disassembly of the dynamin polymer to trigger fission. To follow dynamin GTP hydrolysis at endocytic pits, we generated a conformation-specific nanobody called dynab, that binds preferentially to the GTP hydrolytic state of dynamin-1. Dynab allowed us to follow the GTPase activity of dynamin-1 in real-time. We…
Functional differences between l- and d-carnitine in metabolic regulation evaluated using a low-carnitine Nile tilapia model.
2019
Abstractl-Carnitine is essential for mitochondrialβ-oxidation and has been used as a lipid-lowering feed additive in humans and farmed animals.d-Carnitine is an optical isomer ofl-carnitine anddl-carnitine has been widely used in animal feeds. However, the functional differences betweenl- andd-carnitine are difficult to study because of the endogenousl-carnitine background. In the present study, we developed a low-carnitine Nile tilapia model by treating fish with a carnitine synthesis inhibitor, and used this model to investigate the functional differences betweenl- andd-carnitine in nutrient metabolism in fish.l- ord-carnitine (0·4 g/kg diet) was fed to the low-carnitine tilapia for 6 wee…
Enrichment of Bacterioplankton Able to Utilize One-Carbon and Methylated Compounds in the Coastal Pacific Ocean
2018
International audience; Understanding the temporal variations and succession of bacterial communities involved in the turnover of one-carbon and methylated compounds is necessary to better predict bacterial impacts on the marine carbon cycle and air-sea carbon fluxes. The ability of the local bacterioplankton community to exploit one-carbon and methylated compounds as main source of bioavailable carbon during a productive and less productive period was assessed through enrichment experiments. Surface seawater was amended with methanol and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and bacterial abundance, production, oxygen consumption, as well as methanol turnover and growth rates of putative methylot…
The conditioned medium from osteo-differentiating human mesenchymal stem cells affects the viability of triple negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells
2015
This study aimed to investigate the effect of conditioned media (CM) from osteo-differentiating and adipo-differentiating human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from lipoaspirates of healthy female donors on the viability of triple-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB231. The CM of undifferentiated and differentiating MSCs were collected after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of culture. The effects of MSC CM on cell proliferation were assessed using an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay after 24 h. The effects of osteo-differentiating cell CM on apoptotic promotion, cell cycle impairment, mitochondrial transmembrane potential dissipation, production of react…
Molecular Signatures Associated with Treatment of Triple-Negative MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors JAHA and SAHA
2017
Jay Amin Hydroxamic Acid (JAHA; N8-ferrocenylN1-hydroxy-octanediamide) is a ferrocene-containing analogue of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). JAHA’s cytotoxic activity on MDA-MB231 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells at 72 h has been previously demonstrated with an IC50 of 8.45 M. JAHA’s lethal effect was found linked to perturbations of cell cycle, mitochondrial activity, signal transduction and autophagy mechanisms. In order to glean novel insights on how MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells respond to the cytotoxic effect induced by JAHA, and to compare the biological effect with the related compound SAHA, we have employed a combination of…
Prospecting for cytotoxic and antiprotozoal 4-aryl-4H-chromenes and 10-aryldihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromenes.
2018
Different studies reported that genetic predisposition or metabolic dysfunction are the risk factors for cancer. Infectious parasitic diseases were listed among factors that predispose to cancer. Because of the resemblance between the life cycle of cancer cells and some parasites, this study aimed to prepare pyran derivatives with cytotoxic and antiprotozoal potencies. Therefore, 7 chromenes, 10 pyranocoumarins, and an unexpected intermediate were obtained from a multi-reagent one-pot reaction. These compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity on sensitive and resistant leukemia cancer cells lines and against two protozoan parasites, namely Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis a…