Search results for "cytogenetic"

showing 10 items of 159 documents

Endometrial stromal sarcomas: immunohistochemical, electron microscopical and cytogenetic findings in two cases.

1999

Uterine sarcomas are approximately 3% of all malignant uterine corpus tumours. Of these, the tumours that originate solely in the stromal elements of the uterine wall are infrequent and have not been well characterized cytogenetically. We report two cases of endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS), one low grade and one high grade, diagnosed by conventional histology, immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy and cytogenetics. Morphologically clear-cut differential structures were seen at optical, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic levels, permitting a clear differential diagnosis. The low-grade ESS expressed hormonal receptors and vimentin, whereas the high-grade ESS showed no hormone…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyStromal cellSarcoma Endometrial StromalChromosomes Human Pair 20VimentinChromosome DisordersPathology and Forensic MedicineImmunoenzyme TechniquesFatal OutcomeComplex KaryotypemedicineBiomarkers TumorHumansMolecular BiologyAgedChromosome AberrationsbiologyCytogeneticsKaryotypeHistologyCell BiologyGeneral MedicineGene rearrangementMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCombined Modality TherapyChromosome BandingEndometrial NeoplasmsMicroscopy ElectronKaryotypingbiology.proteinChromosomes Human Pair 6FemaleSarcomaVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology
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Cytogenetic analyses of culture failures by comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH)–Re-evaluation of chromosome aberration rates in early spontaneous…

2001

Comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) represents an alternative molecular-cytogenetic technique capable of detecting chromosomal imbalances by reverse fluorescence in situ hybridisation. As the technique uses genomic DNA for assessment it does not rely on metaphase chromosomes in the test material and thus circumvents technical problems associated with tissue culturing. In the present study, we applied CGH to identify chromosome anomalies in 60 spontaneous abortions of the first trimester, that had failed to grow in culture. In 57 out of 60 cases CGH analyses were successful. The overall aneuploidy rate detected was 72%. Trisomy was the predominant chromosome anomaly accounting for 68.0% …

PlacentaAneuploidyGestational AgeAbortionBiologyChromosome aberrationPregnancyGeneticsmedicineHumansMetaphaseCells CulturedGenetics (clinical)Chromosome AberrationsGeneticsNucleic Acid HybridizationChromosomeKaryotypemedicine.diseaseAbortion SpontaneousPregnancy Trimester Firstgenomic DNAKaryotypingCytogenetic AnalysisFemaleTrisomyMaternal AgeEuropean Journal of Human Genetics
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Comparative cytogenetics of human chromosome 3q21.3 reveals a hot spot for ectopic recombination in hominoid evolution

2004

Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of fully integrated human BAC clones to primate chromosomes, combined with precise breakpoint localization by PCR analysis of flow-sorted chromosomes, was used to analyze the evolutionary rearrangements of the human 3q21.3-syntenic region in orangutan, siamang gibbon, and silvered-leaf monkey. Three independent evolutionary breakpoints were localized within a 230-kb segment contained in BACs RP11-93K22 and RP11-77P16. Approximately 200 kb of the human 3q21.3 sequence was not present on the homologous orangutan, siamang, and Old World monkey chromosomes, suggesting a genomic DNA insertion into the breakpoint region in the lineage leading to humans a…

Recombination GeneticGeneticsGenome evolutionModels GeneticGenome HumanEndogenous RetrovirusesBreakpointChromosome MappingChromosome BreakageHominidaeBiologyGenomeEvolution MolecularMolecular evolutionCytogenetic AnalysisGeneticsAnimalsHumansEctopic recombinationHuman genomeChromosomes Human Pair 3Segmental duplicationSyntenyGenomics
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Near-Haploidy in a Malignant Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

1999

Cytogenetic analysis of a malignant sacrococcygeal teratoma in an adult patient revealed near-haploid (77%), near-diploid (19%), and polyploid (4%) cells. The near-haploid cells had a karyotype of 25,XX,der(5)t(5;7)(p15;p13),+7,der(9)t(6;9)(p21;q34),r(17)(p13q25) . In the near-diploid and polyploid cells identical copies of the structural chromosomal changes were found. Although some of the anomalies observed appear unique to this case, a common breakpoint in chromosome 6 was previously reported as specific in a subgroup of extragonadal germ cell tumors of adults.

SacrumCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyNear-HaploidyExtragonadalChromosomal translocationHaploidyBiologyTranslocation GeneticPolyploidyFatal OutcomeGeneticsmedicineHumansMolecular BiologyAgedCoccyxPloidiesSpinal NeoplasmsfungiTeratomaCytogeneticsChromosome MappingChromosomeKaryotypeAnatomymedicine.diseaseDiploidyKaryotypingChromosomes Human Pair 5Chromosomes Human Pair 6FemaleGerm cell tumorsChromosomes Human Pair 9Tomography X-Ray ComputedSacrococcygeal teratomaChromosomes Human Pair 7Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics
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Comparative Phylogenomic Data on Primates through Chromosomal Painting

2009

Settore BIO/08 - AntropologiaMolecular cytogenetics Ancestral karyotype Synteny association
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Interspersed telomeric sequences (TTAGGG)n distribution in Primates and Tupaia minor (Scandentia)

2017

Settore BIO/08 - AntropologiaMolecular cytogenetics PNA probe phylogeny
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Phylogenetic Relationship Between Primates And Scadentia By Flow Sorting And Reciprocal Chromosome Painting

2010

Settore BIO/08 - AntropologiaPhylogeny Molecular cytogenetics Primates Scadentia
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Metilazione del DNA in artrite reumatoide

2005

Lo stato di metilazione del DNA genomico e del gene PTHrP è stato valutato con tecniche molecolari e citogenetiche in artrite reumatoide (AR), patologia autoimmune caratterizzata anche da alta incidenza di linfomi e da ipercalcemia per overespressione del gene PTHrP. La metilazione del DNA, infatti, ha un ruolo critico nello sviluppo delle malattie neoplastiche; il gene PTHrP avendo tre promotori uno dei quali contiene un’isola CpG è un buon candidato per la deregolazione da alterato pattern di metilazione locale. Le indagini sulla metilazione genomica, condotte su DNA estratto da sangue periferico di pazienti e di donatori e amplificato in reazioni di Methylation-Sensitive Arbitrarily Prim…

Settore BIO/18 - Geneticainstead chromosomes of controls were almost uniformly decorated by brilliant grains. Studies on methylation of PTHrP gene promoter 2 performed on five CpG island internal sites using the Methylation-Sensitive Restriction Endonuclease Multiplex (MSREM)-PCR showed that one of the sites nearest the trascription starting point is heavy methylated in a significantly high number of RA patients. Thus RA seems to be characterized by genomewide hypomethylation associated with local hypermethylation like the most part of tumors. This result raises the possibility that susceptibility to lymphomas is related to abnormal DNA methylation levels and suggests the opportunity to evaluate the DNA methylation status in RA patientin fact the demethylating therapies together with diet and life style can act towards an increase of tumor risk. Future studies using a larger number of subjects could confirm these findings.Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by high recurrence of lymphomas as well as hypercalcemia due to PTHrP overexpression. Because of DNA methylation plays a critical role in development of neoplasias we determined in RA patients the global DNA methylation status and local methylation pattern of the CpG island of one of the three promoters of PTHrP gene utilizing molecular and cytogenetic techniques. Investigations performed on DNA from peripheral blood of patients and donors amplified by Methylation-Sensitive Arbitrarily Primed (MeS-AP)-PCR indicated that RA is strongly associated with global DNA hypomethylation. Similarly chromosomal DNA methylation pattern analysis by indirect immunofluorescence technique with anti 5-methylcitosine antibody showed all peripheral lymphocyte metaphases from RA patients with chromosomes weakly fluorescent without discrete grain
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The evolutionary history of HSA7/16 synteny in vertebrates: a critical interpretation of comparative cytogenetic and genome sequence data

2013

The current work is an in silico study of data from previous publications and genome browsers, on the origin of the human synteny HSA7a/16p. The molecular composition of the chromosomal segments identified as HSA7a/16 and 7b (free or differently associated) is not yet clear. This means that a syntenic association 7/16, which can be detected by an in situ hybridization (FISH) method in different taxa, may not necessarily correspond to those of the same association in different lineages. In silico research, together with comparative cytogenetics, have been applied in order to define the composition of the 7/16 syntenic association. These results allow a confident reconstruction of the synteni…

Whole genome sequencingGeneticsmedicine.medical_specialtyHuman chromosome 7 Evolution in silico analysisPhylogenetic treeIn silicoCytogeneticsVertebrateSettore BIO/08 - AntropologiaBiologyGenomeHomology (biology)Evolutionary biologybiology.animalGeneticsmedicineGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSyntenyCaryologia
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Assessing chromosome modifications in GM plants

2012

[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnologychromosome rearrangementcytogenetic[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology
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