Search results for "dai"
showing 10 items of 1678 documents
Occurrence of deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin in bread and pasta commercialised in Spain
2011
Abstract Deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin were extracted from wheat-based bread ( n = 75) and pasta ( n = 75) samples using a mixture of acetonitrile:water (86:14 v/v); for analysis, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after derivatisation with trifluoroacetic anhydride was utilised. The recovery of deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin from both food matrixes ranged from 90.1 to 94.0%. The occurrence of these mycotoxins in bread was 28.0% and 2.6% for deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin, respectively, whereas in pasta, the occurrence of both mycotoxins was higher, varying from 9.3 to 62.7%. The mean content of deoxynivalenol (42.5 μg/kg) in bread was lower than the content of T-2 toxin (68.37 μg/kg), while…
Natural occurrence of emerging Fusarium mycotoxins in feed and fish from aquaculture.
2014
A new analytical method for the simultaneous determination of enniatins (ENs) and beauvericin (BEA) in fish feed and fish tissues by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with linear ion trap (LC-MS/MS-LIT) was developed. Results showed that the developed method is precise and sensitive. The presence of emerging Fusarium mycotoxins, ENs and BEA, was determined in samples of aquaculture fish and feed for farmed fish, showing that all feed samples analyzed were contaminated with mycotoxins, with 100% coexistence. In aquacultured fish samples, the highest incidence was found in edible muscle and liver. As for the exposure assessment calculated, it was found that average consumer i…
Occurrence of fumonisins B1 and B2 in broa, typical Portuguese maize bread
2007
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) are mycotoxins mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides, and Fusarium proliferatum, fungi species most commonly isolated from maize. The natural occurrence of FB1 and FB2 in broa, typical Portuguese maize bread, was evaluated in 30 samples. Twenty five were found positive with levels ranging from 142 to 550 [mu]g kg- 1. The limit established by the European regulations was exceeded by 27% of the samples. The tolerable daily intake for fumonisin B1, and B2, alone or in combination, for all of the analysed samples, was lower than 2 [mu]g kg- 1 body weight per day established by the European Commission. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B…
Oral intake of cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, nickel, manganese and zinc in the university student's diet.
1993
A duplicate diet meal study was carried out with a group of university students living in a hostel, in order to estimate the intake of Zn, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb. Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and Cd, Co and Pb by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry after a nitric acid wet digestion procedure. The estimated intake values from the contents of breakfast, lunch, dinner and drinks were compared with the values of the Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake (PTDI) in the case of Cd and Pb, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) of Co, Fe and Zn and Estimated Safe and Adequate Dietetic Daily Intake (ESADDI) of Cu and Mn. Neithe…
Dietary intake of ochratoxin A from conventional and organic bread
2006
Ochratoxin A (OTA) was extracted from 100 bread samples by using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and analyzed with liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection. The presence of OTA was confirmed by methyl-ester derivatization. Bread samples were bought from different bakeries and supermarkets, 74 of non-organic and 26 of organic bread. The incidence of OTA varied between 20.3% and 23.0% for non-organic and organic bread, respectively. The highest values were obtained with non-organic versus organic products, five samples exceeded the European maximum permitted limit of OTA (3 ng/g) for this product. Estimated daily intake of OTA in this study was 1.6 ng/kg b.w./day. This v…
Determination of Fungi and Multi-Class Mycotoxins in Camelia sinensis and Herbal Teas and Dietary Exposure Assessment
2020
In this paper, a study of fungal and multi-mycotoxin contamination in 140 Camellia sinensis and 26 herbal teas marketed in Latvia is discussed. The analysis was performed using two-dimensional liquid chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2D-LC-TOF-MS) and MALDI-TOF-MS. In total, 87% of the tea samples tested positive for 32 fungal species belonging to 17 genera, with the total enumeration of moulds ranging between 1.00 ×
Bioaccessibility of inorganic arsenic species in raw and cookedHizikia fusiformeseaweed
2004
Samples of Hizikia fusiforme edible seaweed, a commercially available dried food with high concentrations of total arsenic (t-As) and inorganic arsenic (i-As), both raw and cooked (boiling at 100 °C, 20 min), were selected for the bioaccessibility study. Cooking caused a significant reduction in the concentrations of t-As (30–43%) and i-As (46–50%), despite which the i-As contents in the cooked product were high (42.7–44.6 µg g−1 seaweed). An in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (pepsin, pH 2, and pancreatin–bile extract, pH 7) was applied to the seaweed to estimate arsenic bioaccessibility (maximum soluble concentration in gastrointestinal medium) of t-As, i-As, arsenic(III) and arsenic(V).…
Surveillance of pesticide residues in fruits from Valencia during twenty months (2004/05)
2010
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the pesticide residues in market fruits (oranges, tangerines, nectarines, peaches and khakis) from one Valencian Cooperative (Spain) and to conduct a monitoring of 32 organophosphorous, organonitrogen and organohalogenated pesticides and nine dithiocarbamate fungicides (DTCFs) usually applied on cultures of this area. Extracts were obtained by an official procedure for routine analysis based on ethyl acetate extraction. Residues of pesticides were determined by gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorous detector (NPD), electron-capture detector (ECD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detectors. Mean recoveries obtained at fortification levels bet…
A differential role of CREB phosphorylation in cAMP-inducible gene expression in the rat pineal
2000
In the rat pineal gland cAMP mediates nocturnal induction of the enzyme arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) as well as of transcription factors such as inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), Fos-related antigen-2 (Fra-2) and JunB. Cyclic AMP stimulates the phosphorylation of the DNA binding protein cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). While cAMP-induced CREB phosphorylation appears to be a prerequisite for AA-NAT and ICER gene expression, it is not known whether CREB phosphorylation accounts for the full cAMP response of the two genes. Furthermore, the significance of CREB phosphorylation in cAMP-activated Fra-2 and JunB transcription is unknown. In the present in vitro stu…
De l’emploi lycéen à l’emploi étudiant : la transition secondaire-supérieur
2021
International audience