Search results for "damage"
showing 10 items of 1289 documents
Increased Serum Creatine Kinase Activity Inadequately Reflects Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Rats
1994
Effects of Extracellular Acidosis on Glial Cell Intracellular pH: Evidence for a Glial Spatial H+-Buffering Mechanism?
1994
Acidosis and in particular lactacidosis from anaerobic metabolism are considered of primary significance among the consequences of cerebral ischemia, seizures,, and head injury (Siesjo 1981). A marked decrease in brain tissue pH has been demonstrated in cerebral ischemia - even more so in hyperglycemic subjects - where lactic acid may accumulate to 20–30 mM and higher concentrations (Rehncrona et al. 1980; Katsura et al. 1991). Tissue pH may drop to pH 5.5 (Chopp et al. 1988). In consequence, acidosis has since long been suspected as a mediator of brain damage (Siesjo 1981).
Adverse Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids: A Literature Review
2021
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are a large group of molecules including endogenously produced androgens, such as testosterone, as well as synthetically manufactured derivatives. AAS use is widespread due to their ability to improve muscle growth for aesthetic purposes and athletes’ performance, minimizing androgenic effects. AAS use is very popular and 1–3% of US inhabitants have been estimated to be AAS users. However, AASs have side effects, involving all organs, tissues and body functions, especially long-term toxicity involving the cardiovascular system and the reproductive system, thereby, their abuse is considered a public health issue. The aim of the proposed review is to highli…
Oxidative tissue damage after phacoemulsification: influence of ophthalmic viscosurgical devices.
2003
To quantify the oxidative tissue damage after phacoemulsification, correlate the damage to the energy applied, and investigate the influence of ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs).Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.The study comprised 130 eyes operated on by 1 surgeon using the same phacoemulsification machine. Some eyes received an OVD before phacoemulsification and some did not. Energy values were expressed as phaco time; that is, ultrasound (US) time (seconds) after conversion to 100% phaco power. Patients were grouped as follows: Group 1, phaco time less than 20 seconds and no OVD; Group 2, phaco time 20 to 40 seconds and no OVD; Group 3, phaco time mor…
Effects of 1-(halogenalkoxy)alkyl-5-fluorouracil derivatives on cell growth, cell volume and nucleus size of mouse lymphoma cells.
1992
The effects of three 1-(halogenalkoxy)alkyl-5-fluorouracil derivatives on cultured mouse lymphoma cells were studied and compared with those of N-methyl-bis-(2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride (Lost). The derivatives exert only little influence on cell proliferation and cell volume. However, all derivatives cause a concentration-dependent nucleus contraction, probably due to DNA cross-linkings. Bromodesoxyuridine modulates the effects of the derivatives on the DNA, leading to swelling of the nucleus, which may be caused by DNA strand-breaks. It is suggested that the derivatives exert synergistic effects with other factors. It is concluded that these studies are suitable for the prescreening …
Histologic evaluation of thermal damage produced on soft tissues by CO2, Er,Cr:YSGG and diode lasers
2010
Objective: The aim of this in vitro experimental study was to perform histological evaluation of the thermal effect produced on soft tissue irradiated with CO2 , Er,Cr:YSGG or diode lasers. Study design: Porcine oral mucosa samples were irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 1 W with and without water / air spray, at 2 W with and without water / air spray, and at 4 W with water / air spray, with CO2 laser at 1 W, 2 W, 10 W, 20 W continuous mode and 20 W pulsed mode and diode laser at 2W, 5W, and 10W pulsed mode. The thermal effect was evaluated measuring the width of damaged tissue adjacent to the incision, stained positively for hyalinized tissue with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson Trichrome st…
Influence of compression sportswear on recovery and performance: A systematic review
2018
Compression garments are becoming increasingly popular among sportspeople who wish to improve performance and reduce their exercise discomfort and risk of injury. However, evidence for such effects is scarce. This paper presents the evidence following a review of the literature evaluating the effects of the application of compression garments on sports performance and recovery after exercise. The literature reviewed was the result of a search on the Web of Science, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus electronic databases for studies which analysed the effect of compression garments on physiological, psychological, and biomechanical parameters during and after exercise. These search criteria were met b…
The Mediterranean diet improves the systemic lipid and DNA oxidative damage in metabolic syndrome individuals. A randomized, controlled, trial.
2013
Summary Background & aims Metabolic syndrome (MetS), in which a non-classic feature is an increase in systemic oxidative biomarkers, presents a high risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is associated with a reduced risk of MetS. However, the effect of the MedDiet on biomarkers for oxidative damage has not been assessed in MetS individuals. We have investigated the effect of the MedDiet on systemic oxidative biomarkers in MetS individuals. Methods Randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial in which 110 female with MetS, aged 55–80, were recruited into a large trial (PREDIMED Study) to test the efficacy of the traditional MedDie…
A girl with an atypical form of ataxia telangiectasia and an additional de novo 3.14Mb microduplication in region 19q12
2011
A 9-year-old girl born to healthy parents showed manifestations suggestive of ataxia telangiectasia (AT), such as short stature, sudden short bouts of horizontal and rotary nystagmus, a weak and dysarthric voice, rolling gait, unstable posture, and atactic movements. She did not show several cardinal features typical of AT such as frequent, severe infections of the respiratory tract. In contrast, she showed symptoms not generally related to AT, including microcephaly, profound motor and mental retardation, small hands and feet, severely and progressively reduced muscle tone with slackly protruding abdomen and undue drooling, excess fat on her upper arms, and severe oligoarthritis. A cranial…
Cardiac complications in thalassemia: noninvasive detection methods and new directions in the clinical management.
2004
The natural history of thalassemia has shown substantial change during these years. This applies for each aspect of the pathology (for example, endocrinological, hepatological and psychological) and also for the pathology that has presented and still presents the main cause of death: myocardial dysfunction. In this review, the pathophysiology of cardiac complications, possible role of myocarditis, new knowledge on pathogenesis, and noninvasive detection methods for iron overload in the heart are pointed out. Prophylaxis of cardiomyopathy and new therapy strategies of myocardial dysfunction, including the impact of the new chelation treatment, are discussed.