Search results for "data science"

Knowledge Acquisition from Multiple Experts Based on Semantics of Concepts

1999

This paper presents one approach to acquire knowledge from multiple experts. The experts are grouped into a multilevel hierarchical structure, according to the type of knowledge acquired. The first level consists of experts who have knowledge about the basic objects and their relationships. The second level of experts includes those who have knowledge about the relationships of the experts at the first level and each higher level accordingly. We show how to derive the most supported opinion among the experts at each level. This is used to order the experts into categories of their competence defined as the support they get from their colleagues.

Data Banks and Multivariate Statistics in Physical Anthropology

1984

In recent decades, the fields of administration and economy, the press and - last but not least - the sciences have been characterized by an “explosion of knowledge”, and, as a consequence, by the problem of managing the rapidly increasing mass of information. It has been estimated that knowledge doubles each five years, and even that the interval of doubling seems to decrease. The main response to this challenge are computerized and structured data collections called data banks. “Data banks are systems of data collections which are organized according to logical and/or formal criteria; they should make it possible to reproduce the data of the total collection arranged according to differen…

The role of expectation in music: from the score to emotions and the brain

2013

Like discourse, music is a dynamic process that occurs over time. Listeners usually expect some events or structures of events to occur in the prolongation of a given context. Part of the musical emotional experience would depend upon how composers (improvisers) fulfill these expectancies. Musical expectations are a core phenomenon of music cognition, and the present article provides an overview of its foundation in the score as well as in listeners' behavior and brain, and how it can be simulated by artificial neural networks. We highlight parallels to language processing and include the attentional and emotional dimensions of musical expectations. Studying musical expectations is thus val…

Weighted Evaluation Framework for Cross-Platform App Development Approaches

2016

Cross-platform app development is very challenging, although only two platforms with significant market share (iOS and Android) remain. While device fragmentation – multiple, only partly compatible versions of a platform – has been complicating matters already, the need to target different device classes is a new emergence. Smartphones and tablets are relatively similar but app-enabled devices such as TVs and even cars typically have differing capabilities. To facilitate usage of cross-platform app development approaches, we present work on an evaluation framework. Our framework provides a set of up-to-date evaluation criteria. Unlike prior work on this topic, it offers weighted assessment …

2015

High-throughput detection of protein interactions has had a major impact in our understanding of the intricate molecular machinery underlying the living cell, and has permitted the construction of very large protein interactomes. The protein networks that are currently available are incomplete and a significant percentage of their interactions are false positives. Fortunately, the structural properties observed in good quality social or technological networks are also present in biological systems. This has encouraged the development of tools, to improve the reliability of protein networks and predict new interactions based merely on the topological characteristics of their components. Sinc…

Internet of Autonomous Vehicles: Architecture, Features, and Socio-Technological Challenges

2019

Mobility is the backbone of urban life and a vital economic factor in the development of the world. Rapid urbanization and the growth of mega-cities is bringing dramatic changes in the capabilities of vehicles. Innovative solutions like autonomy, electrification, and connectivity are on the horizon. How, then, we can provide ubiquitous connectivity to the legacy and autonomous vehicles? This paper seeks to answer this question by combining recent leaps of innovation in network virtualization with remarkable feats of wireless communications. To do so, this paper proposes a novel paradigm called the Internet of autonomous vehicles (IoAV). We begin painting the picture of IoAV by discussing th…

BOGENVI: A Biomedical Ontology for Modelling Gene*Environment Interactions on Intermediate Phenotypes in Nutrigenomics Research

2008

Nutritional Genomics is demanding computing models and technological platforms in order to support acquisition, storage, management and presentation of all the information generated coming from heterogeneous sources: genotypes, environmental factors (diet and other life-style factors) and phenotypes (intermediate and final phenotypes). Our aim is to build a biomedical ontology in order to modelling gene*environment interactions on intermediate phenotypes by means of formalising and integrating genomic, environmental and phenotypic data, in the field of research on Nutritional Genomics applied to cardiovascular diseases and associated phenotypes. This ontology is part of a Health Information…

Integrative bioinformatics and omics data source interoperability in the next-generation sequencing era-Editorial.

2021

With the advent of high-throughput and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies [1], huge amounts of ‘omics’ data (i.e. data from genomics, proteomics, pharmacogenomics, metagenomics, etc.) are continuously produced. Combining and integrating diverse omics data types is important in order to investigate the molecular machinery of complex diseases, with the hope for better disease prevention and treatment [2]. Experimental data repositories of omics data are publicly available, with the main aim of fostering the cooperation among research groups and laboratories all over the world. However, despite their openness, the effective integrated use of available public sources is hampered by t…

Data quality evaluation: a comparative analysis of company registers’ open data in four European countries

2018

Big Data in Emergency Management: Exploitation Techniques for Social and Mobile Data

2020

The Internet of Things, crowdsourcing, social media, public authorities, and other sources generate bigger and bigger data sets. Big and open data offers many benefits for emergency management, but also pose new challenges. This chapter will review the sources of big data and their characteristics. We then discuss potential benefits of big data for emergency management along with the technological and societal challenges it poses. We review central technologies for big-data storage and processing in general, before presenting the Spark big-data engine in more detail. Finally, we review ethical and societal threats that big data pose.