Search results for "death"
showing 10 items of 1744 documents
A β-1,3 Glucan Sulfate Induces Resistance in Grapevine against Plasmopara viticola Through Priming of Defense Responses, Including HR-like Cell Death
2008
Sulfated laminarin (PS3) has been shown previously to be an elicitor of plant defense reactions in tobacco and Arabidopsis and to induce protection against tobacco mosaic virus. Here, we have demonstrated the efficiency of PS3 in protecting a susceptible grapevine cultivar (Vitis vinifera cv. Marselan) against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) under glasshouse conditions. This induced resistance was associated with potentiated H2O2 production at the infection sites, upregulation of defense-related genes, callose and phenol depositions, and hypersensitive response-like cell death. Interestingly, similar responses were observed following P. viticola inoculation in a tolerant grapevine hybri…
Entanglement control via reservoir engineering in ultracold atomic gases
2013
We study the entanglement of two impurity qubits immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) reservoir. This open quantum system is particularly interesting because the reservoir and system parameters are easily controllable and the reduced dynamics is highly non-Markovian. We show how the model allows for interpolation between a common dephasing scenario and an independent dephasing scenario by simply modifying the wavelength of the superlattice superposed to the BEC, and how this influences the dynamical properties of the impurities. We demonstrate the existence of very rich entanglement dynamics correspondent to different values of reservoir parameters, including phenomena such as entan…
Immunophenotype based on inflammatory cells, PD-1/PD-L1 signalling pathway and M2 macrophages predicts survival in gastric cancer
2020
Abstract Background Immune response against cancer has prognostic impact but its role in gastric cancer is poorly known. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic significance of immune cell score (CD3+, CD8+), tumour immune escape (PD-L1, PD-1) and immune tolerance (Clever-1). Methods After exclusion of Epstein-Barr virus positive (n = 4) and microsatellite instable (n = 6) tumours, the study included 122 patients with GC undergoing D2 gastrectomy. CD3+ and CD8+ based ICS, PD-L1, PD-1 and Clever-1 expressions were evaluated. Differences in survival were examined using Cox regression adjusted for confounders. The primary outcome was 5-year survival. Results The 5-year overall surviv…
Population-based study of breast cancer survival in Cote d'Or (France): prognostic factors and relative survival.
2007
Abstract Background Few population-based studies have reported jointly analyses of relative survival according to the following prognostic factors: tumour–node–metastasis (TNM) stage, age, number of examined and positive nodes, hormonal status, histological Scarff, Bloom and Richardson (SBR) grade, tumour extension, hormone receptor status and tumour multifocal status. Patients and methods Data on female invasive breast cancer were provided by the Cote d’Or breast cancer registry. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to estimate and compare the survival probability at 1, 5, 10 and 15 years. The effect of prognostic factors on survival was assessed with crude and relative mult…
Interassay and interobserver comparability study of four programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry assays in triple-negative breast canc…
2021
Different immunohistochemical programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) assays and scorings have been reported to yield variable results in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We compared the analytical concordance and reproducibility of four clinically relevant PD-L1 assays assessing immune cell (IC) score, tumor proportion score (TPS), and combined positive score (CPS) in TNBC. Primary TNBC resection specimens (n = 104) were stained for PD-L1 using VENTANA SP142, VENTANA SP263, DAKO 22C3, and DAKO 28–8. PD-L1 expression was scored according to guidelines on virtual whole slide images by four trained readers. The mean PD-L1 positivity at IC-score ≥1% and CPS ≥1 ranged between 53% and 75% with th…
Breast-conserving surgeries in HER-positive breast cancer patients are performed too rarely in Poland
2020
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Poland and worldwide; after lung cancer it is the second highest cause of death among females with malignancies. HER2 positive breast cancer occurs in ca.15–20% of all cases. More often than other subtypes, it affects younger patients and more often spreads metastasises to internal organs. The new drugs against the HER2 receptor significantly improve patients’ prognoses, regardless of the initial stage. The authors of the study involved 1503 patients with HER2 positive breast cancer from all stages (I–IV); 482 patients received preoperative systemic therapy (chemotherapy or hormonal therapy), 385 trastuzumab. Among the 1219 females qual…
The combined role of biomarkers and interim PET scan in prediction of treatment outcome in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma: a retrospective, European, m…
2016
BACKGROUND: Early-interim fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET scan after two ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) chemotherapy courses (PET-2) represents the most effective predictor of treatment outcome in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. We aimed to assess the predictive value of PET-2 combined with tissue biomarkers in neoplastic and microenvironmental cells for this disease.METHODS: We enrolled 208 patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma and treated with ABVD (training set), from Jan 1, 2002, to Dec 31, 2009, and validated the results in a fully matched independent cohort of 102 patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (validation set), enrolled from Jan 1, 2008, to De…
Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a Predictive Biomarker for Pembrolizumab Therapy in Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).
2019
Recently, immunotherapy has been shown to be an effective and helpful therapeutic option for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The activity of antitumor T cells may be restored through the checkpoint blockade using anti-programmed death 1 or anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies, showing, in several cancer patients, an increased progression-free survival and overall survival compared with classical chemotherapy. As recently shown by several studies, the PD-L1 expression levels in tumors may offer a selection criterion for patients to predict their immunotherapy response. In particular, NSCLC patients with high tumor PD-L1 levels (proportional score ≥ …
Bortezomib induction, reduced-intensity transplantation, and lenalidomide consolidation-maintenance for myeloma: updated results.
2013
A sequential approach including bortezomib induction, intermediate-dose melphalan, and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), followed by lenalidomide consolidation-maintenance, has been evaluated. Efficacy and safety data have been analyzed on intention-to-treat and results updated. Newly diagnosed myeloma patients 65 to 75 years of age (n = 102) received 4 cycles of bortezomib-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin-dexamethasone, tandem melphalan (100 mg/m(2)) followed by ASCT (MEL100-ASCT), 4 cycles of lenalidomide-prednisone consolidation (LP), and lenalidomide maintenance (L) until disease progression. The complete response (CR) rate was 33% after MEL100-ASCT, 48% after LP and 53% after…
Second line systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: Reasons for the failure
2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main cause of death in patients with cirrhosis, with an increasing incidence worldwide. Sorafenib is the choice therapy for advanced HCC. Over time several randomized phase III trials have been performed testing sunitinib, brivanib, linifanib and other molecules in head-to-head comparison with Sorafenib as first-line treatment for advanced-stage HCC, but none of these has so far been registered in this setting. Moreover, another feared vacuum arises from the absence of molecules registered as second-line therapy for patients who have failed Sorafenib, representing an urgent unmet medical need. To date all molecules tested as second-line therapies for ad…