Search results for "decomposition"
showing 10 items of 766 documents
Characterization of Chlorolignins in Bleached Kraft Pulp Mill Effluents Using Elemental Analysis and Fingerprinting by CuO Oxidation And Hplc
1994
Abstract Elemental analyses and chemical degradation techniques were applied to characterize lignin compounds in different stages of the chlorine bleaching process and in total mill effluent. Ultrafiltration was used for separation of chlorolignins into three nominal molecular weight fractions. Alkaline CuO oxidation products were analyzed by HPLC with diode array detection. Major compounds were identified by reference to authentic compounds. For comparison, native lignins (MWL), kraft lignins, and humic substances were studied as well. The oxygen, carbon and organic chlorine contents were closely similar in the various mill samples and their fractions. In all mill samples, vanillin and 6-c…
The Influence of Stimulation Techniques on the Microbiological Changes and n-Alkane Transitions in the Soil Contaminated of Petroleum-Derived Substan…
2019
Removal of petroleum products from contaminated soil is a long-term process requiring attention and constant monitoring. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Fyre-Zyme enzyme preparation and/or calcium carbonate on microbiological changes and conversion of n-aliphatic hydrocarbons in soil contaminated of petroleum-derived substances. The material for testing was soil contaminated with petroleum substances. The total concentration of n-alkanes with a C8–C40 chain length was 420.1 mg·kg−1 DM. The pot tests were carried out by introducing stimulators. As a decomposition promoter for n-alkanes in contaminated soil, a 6% water solution of Fyre-Zyme and/or 1% sterile CaCO3 was use…
Two-view “cylindrical decomposition” of binary images
2001
This paper describes the discrete cylindrical algebraic decomposition (DCAD) construction along two orthogonal views of binary images. The combination of two information is used to avoid ambiguities for image recognition purposes. This algorithm associates an object connectivity graph to each connected component, allowing a complete description of the structuring information. Moreover, an easy and compact representation of the scene is achieved by using strings in a five letter alphabet. Examples on complex digital images are also provided. © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc.
An Interactive Framework for Offline Data-Driven Multiobjective Optimization
2020
We propose a framework for solving offline data-driven multiobjective optimization problems in an interactive manner. No new data becomes available when solving offline problems. We fit surrogate models to the data to enable optimization, which introduces uncertainty. The framework incorporates preference information from a decision maker in two aspects to direct the solution process. Firstly, the decision maker can guide the optimization by providing preferences for objectives. Secondly, the framework features a novel technique for the decision maker to also express preferences related to maximum acceptable uncertainty in the solutions as preferred ranges of uncertainty. In this way, the d…
Influence of some aromatic and aliphatic compounds on the rate of photodegradation of phenol in aqueous suspensions of TiO2
1995
Abstract The influence of 3-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, pentachlorophenol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ethanoic acid and ethanedioic acid on the photodegradation rate of phenol in an aqueous suspension of TiO2 (anatase) irradiated in the near-UV region was investigated. Binary mixtures of organic compound and phenol in molar ratios of 1:1 and 10:1 were used for the photoreactivity experiments performed in a batch reactor. The mineralization rate of all the mixtures was also monitored by measuring the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration. The reactivity results indicate that the photodegradation rate of phenol is mainly determined by the total amount of aromatic substrates present in the reacti…
Block Based Deconvolution Algorithm Using Spline Wavelet Packets
2010
This paper presents robust algorithms to deconvolve discrete noised signals and images. The idea behind the algorithms is to solve the convolution equation separately in different frequency bands. This is achieved by using spline wavelet packets. The solutions are derived as linear combinations of the wavelet packets that minimize some parameterized quadratic functionals. Parameters choice, which is performed automatically, determines the trade-off between the solution regularity and the initial data approximation. This technique, which id called Spline Harmonic Analysis, provides a unified computational scheme for the design of orthonormal spline wavelet packets, fast implementation of the…
Information Decomposition in Bivariate Systems: Theory and Application to Cardiorespiratory Dynamics
2015
In the framework of information dynamics, the temporal evolution of coupled systems can be studied by decomposing the predictive information about an assigned target system into amounts quantifying the information stored inside the system and the information transferred to it. While information storage and transfer are computed through the known self-entropy (SE) and transfer entropy (TE), an alternative decomposition evidences the so-called cross entropy (CE) and conditional SE (cSE), quantifying the cross information and internal information of the target system, respectively. This study presents a thorough evaluation of SE, TE, CE and cSE as quantities related to the causal statistical s…
Large deviations results for subexponential tails, with applications to insurance risk
1996
AbstractConsider a random walk or Lévy process {St} and let τ(u) = inf {t⩾0 : St > u}, P(u)(·) = P(· | τ(u) < ∞). Assuming that the upwards jumps are heavy-tailed, say subexponential (e.g. Pareto, Weibull or lognormal), the asymptotic form of the P(u)-distribution of the process {St} up to time τ(u) is described as u → ∞. Essentially, the results confirm the folklore that level crossing occurs as result of one big jump. Particular sharp conclusions are obtained for downwards skip-free processes like the classical compound Poisson insurance risk process where the formulation is in terms of total variation convergence. The ideas of the proof involve excursions and path decompositions for Mark…
Thermal kinetics for the energy valorisation of polylactide/sisal biocomposites
2018
[EN] The thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of PLA/sisal biocomposites was discussed to evaluate the suitability of their use in energy recovery processes such as pyrolysis and combustion. The influence of the addition of sisal up to 30%wt, the presence of coupling agent, and the atmosphere of operation, i.e. inert or oxidative was discussed by means of multi-rate linear non-isothermal thermogravimetric experiments. All biocomposites showed a mean high heating value of 15 MJ/kg indicating their suitability for energy recovery processes. The thermal requirements of PLA/sisal decomposition were assessed in terms of onset decomposition temperature and apparent activation energy. A mi…
Born-Infeld gravity and its functional extensions
2014
We investigate the dynamics of a family of functional extensions of the (Eddington-inspired) Born-Infeld gravity theory, constructed with the inverse of the metric and the Ricci tensor. We provide a generic formal solution for the connection and an Einstein-like representation for the metric field equations of this family of theories. For particular cases we consider applications to the early-time cosmology and find that non-singular universes with a cosmic bounce are very generic and robust solutions.