Search results for "defect"

showing 10 items of 879 documents

Magnetic resonance investigations of oxygen-related luminescence centres in AlN ceramics

2001

Abstract The structure of oxygen-related luminescence centres in nominally undoped and Y2O3-doped AIN ceramics were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) and optically-detected EPR. The photoluminescence-detected EPR lines having g values of 1.990 and 2.008 were attributed to neighbouring donor and acceptor pairs causing the recombination luminescence excited in the ultraviolet. The two EPR lines at g = 1.987 and g = 2.003, detected via the recombination luminescence in the afterglow, are thought to be due to a recombination between the same, but more distant donor and acceptor pairs. The donor is supposed to be an electron trapped …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectron nuclear double resonanceRadiationChemistryAnalytical chemistryElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsAcceptorlaw.inventionCrystallographylawVacancy defectExcited stateGeneral Materials ScienceSpontaneous emissionElectron paramagnetic resonanceLuminescenceRadiation Effects and Defects in Solids
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Effect of ion irradiation on the stability of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films

2008

The archival life of phase-change memories (PCM) is determined by the thermal stability of amorphous phase in a crystalline matrix. In this paper, we report the effect of ion beam irradiation on the crystallization kinetics of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy (GST). The transition rate of amorphous GST films was measured by in situ time resolved reflectivity (TRR). The amorphous to crystal transformation time decreases considerably in irradiated amorphous GST samples when ion fluence increases. The stability of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films subjected to ion irradiation is discussed in terms of the free energy variation of the amorphous state because of damage accumulation. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. Al…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAlloyAnalytical chemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmReflectivityengineering.materialSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaIonMatrix (chemical analysis)PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALSThermal stabilityIrradiationThin filmSILICONInstrumentationRBSChalcogenideMEMORYSurfaces and InterfacesReflectivityAmorphous solidIon irradiationengineeringDefectStability
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Kinetics of the electronic center annealing in Al2O3 crystals

2018

Authors are greatly indebted to A. Ch. Lushchik, V. Kortov, M. Izerrouken and R.Vila for stimulating discussions. This work has been carried out within the framework of the Eurofusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euroatom research and training programme 2014–2018 under grant agreement No 633053 . The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. The calculations were performed using facilities of the Stuttgart Supercomputer Center (project DEFTD 12939 ).

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)DimerKinetics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsF centersRadiation defectsIonDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciencesAl2O3:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials Science010306 general physicsNeutron irradiationAnnealing kineticsF2 centers021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRecombinationNuclear Energy and Engineeringchemistry0210 nano-technologyRecombination
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Influence of complex impurity centres on radiation damage in wide-gap metal oxides

2016

Different mechanisms of radiation damage of wide-gap metal oxides as well as a dual influence of impurity ions on the efficiency of radiation damage have been considered on the example of binary ionic MgO and complex ionic–covalent $Lu_{3}Al_{5}O_{12}$ single crystals. Particular emphasis has been placed on irradiation with $\sim$2 GeV heavy ions ($^{197}Au, ^{209}Bi, ^{238}U$, fluence of 10$^{12}$ ions/cm$^{2}$) providing extremely high density of electronic excitations within ion tracks. Besides knock-out mechanism for Frenkel pair formation, the additional mechanism through the collapse of mobile discrete breathers at certain lattice places (e.g., complex impurity centres) leads to the c…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsIon trackIonic bonding02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesIonImpurity0103 physical sciencesFrenkel defectddc:530IrradiationAtomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationRadiation resistanceMagnetic impurity
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Oxygen-excess-related point defects in glassy/amorphous SiO2 and related materials

2012

Abstract An insight is given into recent experimental advances in the spectroscopic studies of oxygen-excess intrinsic defects, in glassy SiO 2 and α-quartz. By controlling excess oxygen in a-SiO 2 , and the conditions of F 2 -laser irradiation, SiO 2 glass samples can be obtained with optical absorption almost exclusively dominated by single defect, oxygen dangling bonds (“non-bridging oxygen hole centers” or NBOHCs), without the presence of complementary Si dangling bonds (generic “E′-centers”). This allows for a more accurate determination of the spectral shape of NBOHC optical absorption in UV and vacuum UV spectral regions. The temperature dependence of NBOHC electron paramagnetic reso…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceDangling bondCrystal structureMolecular physicsCrystallographic defectlaw.inventionAmorphous solidCrystallographylawPhase (matter)Electron paramagnetic resonanceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LuminescenceInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Theoretical and experimental study of primary radiation defects in KNbO3 perovskite crystals

2000

Abstract The results of large-scale computer simulations of point defects – F-type electron centers and hole polarons bound to a potassium vacancy – in perovskite KNbO3 crystals are presented. One-site polarons and two-site (molecular) polarons are expected to coexist, both are characterized by close absorption energies around 1 eV. The transient absorption spectra and decay kinetics observed after ns-pulsed electron beam irradiation have been measured for different KNbO3 crystals. The relaxation kinetics of the optical density vary considerably for different impurity concentrations and sample stoichiometries. Experimental data are discussed in the light of the presented calculations.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceElectronPolaronCrystallographic defectCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceImpurityVacancy defectUltrafast laser spectroscopyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationPerovskite (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Investigation of corrosion defects in titanium by positron annihilation

2015

Abstract The positron annihilation method was used to study the formation of defects in titanium samples during their corrosion in the vapor of a 3% HCl solution. In particular, the distribution of defects depending on the distance from the corroding surface and the impact of an external magnetic field on the concentration of vacancies forming during the corrosion of titanium layers close to the surface were determined.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementpositron annihilation spectroscopyCondensed Matter Physicscorrosion defectsCorrosionPositron annihilation spectroscopyCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusterslcsh:QPhysics::Chemical PhysicsSafety Risk Reliability and Qualitylcsh:ScienceWaste Management and DisposalInstrumentationTitaniumPositron annihilationNukleonika
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Hybrid density functional calculations of hyperfine coupling tensor for hole-type defects in MgAl2O4

2020

This work has been performed within the framework of the EUROfusion Enabling Research project: ENR-MFE19.ISSP-UL-02 “Advanced experimental and theoretical analysis of defect evolution and structural disordering in optical and dielectric materials for fusion application”. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceMgAl2O4 (spinel)02 engineering and technologyType (model theory)engineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsResonance (particle physics)Spectral linelaw.inventionParamagnetismlaw:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]TensorElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationHole-type defects (V-centres)Relaxation (NMR)Spinel021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesHybrid DFT calculations (B3LYP)engineering0210 nano-technologyNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Influence of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\hbox{O}}_2$</tex></formula>-Loading Pretreatment on the Rad…

2014

We investigated the impact of an oxygen preloading on pure-silica-core or fluorine-doped-core fiber responses to high irradiation doses (up to 1 MGy (SiO 2 )). Oxygen enrichment was achieved through a diffusion-based technique, and the long-term presence of O 2 molecules was confirmed by micro-Raman experiments. Online radiation induced attenuation (RIA) experiments were carried out in both the pristine and the O 2 -loaded optical fibers to investigate the differences induced by this pretreatment in the UV and visible ranges. Contrary to results recently published on the positive impact of O 2 on infrared RIA, our results reveal a RIA increase with O 2 presence. Data are analyzed in order t…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceOptical fiberInfraredbusiness.industryAttenuationDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCrystallographic defectOxygenlaw.inventionNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistrylawFluorineOptoelectronicsIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Ab initio modelling of titanium impurities in α-Fe lattice

2020

Abstract Reduced activation ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) as well as ferritic steels strengthened by yttrium oxide are considered as candidate materials for future fusion and advanced fission reactors. Addition of Ti during the manufacturing of the oxide dispersed strengthened (ODS) leads to the formation of yttrium titanium oxide particles, which size is smaller compared to yttrium oxide particles. This improves the mechanical properties and radiation resistance of the ODS steels. DFT calculations of Ti impurities have been performed to determine the factors contributing to the formation of the nanoparticles in α-Fe (bcc-Fe) based steels. The interaction energies between TiFe-OFe, TiFe-Ooct,…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceOxideAb initiochemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyYttrium021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCrystallographic defect010305 fluids & plasmasTitanium oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryImpurity0103 physical sciencesPhysical chemistryKinetic Monte Carlo0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationTitaniumNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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