Search results for "defining"

showing 10 items of 14 documents

Burden of Disease in PWH Harboring a Multidrug-Resistant Virus: Data from the PRESTIGIO Registry

2020

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, no data are available on the burden of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV-1 (PWH) harboring a 4-class drug-resistant (4DR) virus (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, integrase strand transfer inhibitors). The study aimed to assess the incidence of clinical events and death in this population.MethodsThis was a cohort study on PWH from the PRESTIGIO Registry with a documented 4DR virus. Burden of disease was defined as the occurrence of any new event including an AIDS-defining event (ADE) or non-AIDS-defining event (NADE) or death from any cause after 4DR evidence (baseline). Co…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialty4-class drug resistance; AIDS-defining event; cancer; death; non-AIDS-defining event4-class drug resistancenon-AIDS-defining event.PopulationMajor ArticlesSettore MED/0703 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInterquartile rangeInternal medicinedeathmedicinecancerCumulative incidenceAIDS-defining event030212 general & internal medicineeducationnon-AIDS-defining eventDisease burdeneducation.field_of_studyProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Hazard ratio030112 virologyAcademicSubjects/MED00290Infectious DiseasesOncologybusinessCohort study
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How to Define Games and Why We Need to

2019

This article provides guidelines on how to make useful game definitions and discusses when that is a worthwhile undertaking. It examines a recent article attempting to define videogames (Bergonse in Comput Games J 6(4):239–255, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40869-017-0045-4), and uses it as an example to discuss game definitions in general. It concludes with reasons why making a final definition of games is not possible and why we need to continue to define games. peerReviewed

Computer scienceManagement sciencebepress|Arts and Humanities|Art and Designdefiningvideopelit05 social sciencesbepress|Arts and Humanities|PhilosophyComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING050801 communication & media studiesSocArXiv|Arts and HumanitiesSocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|Art and Design|Interactive Arts030229 sport sciencesSocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|PhilosophySocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|Art and Design|Game Design03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0508 media and communicationsbepress|Arts and Humanities|Art and Design|Game DesignSocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|Art and Designbepress|Arts and Humanities|Art and Design|Interactive Artsvideogamesmäärittelybepress|Arts and Humanitiestietokonepelit
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Defining relations of minimal degree of the trace algebra of 3×3 matrices

2008

Abstract The trace algebra C n d over a field of characteristic 0 is generated by all traces of products of d generic n × n matrices, n , d ⩾ 2 . Minimal sets of generators of C n d are known for n = 2 and n = 3 for any d as well as for n = 4 and n = 5 and d = 2 . The defining relations between the generators are found for n = 2 and any d and for n = 3 , d = 2 only. Starting with the generating set of C 3 d given by Abeasis and Pittaluga in 1989, we have shown that the minimal degree of the set of defining relations of C 3 d is equal to 7 for any d ⩾ 3 . We have determined all relations of minimal degree. For d = 3 we have also found the defining relations of degree 8. The proofs are based …

Discrete mathematicsDefining relationsTrace algebrasAlgebra and Number TheoryTrace (linear algebra)Degree (graph theory)Matrix invariantsGeneral linear groupField (mathematics)Representation theoryCombinatoricsSet (abstract data type)AlgebraGeneric matricesInvariants of tensorsGenerating set of a groupMathematicsJournal of Algebra
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Green’s Function of a Spin- 1 2 $$\tfrac {1}{2}$$ Particle in a Constant External Magnetic Field

2020

Our objective here is to find the Green’s function of a spin-\(\tfrac {1}{2}\) particle in an external electromagnetic field. Accordingly we start with the defining equation

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicssymbols.namesakeCondensed matter physicsMathematics::General MathematicsGreen's functionsymbolsParticleDefining equation (physics)Function (mathematics)Constant (mathematics)Spin-½Magnetic field
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Variable impact on mortality of AIDS-defining events diagnosed during combination antiretroviral therapy : not all AIDS-defining conditions are creat…

2009

Contains fulltext : 80963.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The extent to which mortality differs following individual acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining events (ADEs) has not been assessed among patients initiating combination antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: We analyzed data from 31,620 patients with no prior ADEs who started combination antiretroviral therapy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate mortality hazard ratios for each ADE that occurred in >50 patients, after stratification by cohort and adjustment for sex, HIV transmission group, number of antiretroviral drugs initiated, regimen, age, date of starting combination antiretrovir…

MaleInfectious diseases and international health [NCEBP 13]Lymphoma030312 virologyEsophageal candidiasisCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineInterquartile range030212 general & internal medicineAIDS-RelatedLymphoma AIDS-Related0303 health sciencesMortality rateProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathyHazard ratioPrognosis3. Good healthPathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1]Infectious DiseasesCombinationDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleInfection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1]HumanMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyPrognosiAnti-HIV Agentsantiretroviral therapyInfectious DiseaseArticleAIDS-Related Opportunistic Infection03 medical and health sciencesAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)Drug TherapyInternal medicinemedicineHumansAIDS-defining eventProportional Hazards ModelsAIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis/ mortality; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/drug; therapy/ mortality; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents/ therapeutic use; Cohort Studies; Drug Therapy; Combination; Female; Humans; Lymphoma; AIDS-Related/diagnosis/mortality; Male; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards ModelsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAIDS-Related Opportunistic Infectionsbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelPoverty-related infectious diseases [N4i 3]Anti-HIV Agentmedicine.diseasemortalityConfidence intervalImmunologyProportional Hazards ModelCohort Studiebusiness
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Etanercept treatment for extended oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, enthesitis-related arthritis, or psoriatic arthritis : 6-year efficac…

2019

Background To describe the 6-year safety and efficacy of etanercept (ETN) in children with extended oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (eoJIA), enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) Methods Patients who completed the 2-year, open-label, phase III CLinical Study In Pediatric Patients of Etanercept for Treatment of ERA, PsA, and Extended Oligoarthritis (CLIPPER) were allowed to enroll in its 8-year long-term extension (CLIPPER2). Children received ETN at a once-weekly dose of 0.8 mg/kg, up to a maximum dose of 50 mg/week. Efficacy assessments included the JIA core set of outcomes, the JIA American College of Rheumatology response criteria (JIA-ACR), and t…

Malelcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal systemArthritisCHILDRENCATEGORIESDISEASE-ACTIVITYEtanerceptEtanerceptEnthesitis-related arthritis (ERA)Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity ScoreDOUBLE-BLINDINITIATIONNECROSIS-FACTORDEFINING CRITERIAMedicine and Health SciencesMedicineChildNon-U.S. Gov'tClinical trial; Efficacy; Enthesitis-related arthritis; Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA); Etanercept; Extended oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (eoJIA); Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; Psoriatic arthritis (PsA); SafetyOligoarthritisResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tMETHOTREXATEClinical trialTreatment OutcomeAntirheumatic AgentsChild PreschoolFemaleSafetymedicine.drugResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentEfficacyEnthesitis-related arthritisResearch SupportPsoriatic arthritisPsoriatic arthritis (PsA)Internal medicineAdalimumabJournal ArticleHumansetanercept ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; enthesitis-related arthritis ; extended oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (eoJIA) ; enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) ; psoriatic arthritis (PsA) ; efficacy ; safety ; clinical trialPEDIATRIC-PATIENTSbusiness.industryJuvenile idiopathic arthritismedicine.diseaseRheumatologyArthritis JuvenileOligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritislcsh:RC925-935Extended oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (eoJIA)businessADALIMUMAB
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Phenotypic variability and disparities in treatment and outcomes of childhood arthritis throughout the world: an observational cohort study

2019

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-05T16:54:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-04-01 IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Background To our knowledge, the characteristics and burden of childhood arthritis have never been studied on a worldwide basis. We aimed to investigate, with a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of disease categories, treatment methods, and disease status in patients from across different geographical areas and from countries with diverse wealth status. Methods In this multinational, cross-sectional, observational cohort study, we asked international paediatric rheumatologists from specialised centres to enrol children with a diagnosis of juvenile …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyChildhood arthritisCross-sectional studyPopulationGlobal HealthPediatrics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030225 pediatricsEpidemiologymedicineDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyJournal ArticleHumansPediatrics Perinatology and Child Health; Developmental and Educational Psychology030212 general & internal medicineHealthcare DisparitiesChildeducationDisease burdenPain MeasurementRetrospective Studieseducation.field_of_studyOligoarthritisbusiness.industryPerinatology and Child HealthJuvenile idiopathic arthritismedicine.diseaseJUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS; OF-RHEUMATOLOGY RECOMMENDATIONS; DISEASE-ACTIVITY SCORE; DEFINING CRITERIA; CLASSIFICATION; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VALIDATION; COUNTRIES; VALIDITYArthritis Juvenilechildhood arthritisphenotypic variabilityobservational cohort studyCross-Sectional StudiesBiological Variation PopulationSettore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICAAntirheumatic AgentsChild PreschoolPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthQuality of LifeFemalePolyarthritisJuvenile idiopatic arthritis of-rheumatology recommentadions disease-activity score defining criteria classification children epidemiology validation countries validitybusinessDemographyCohort study
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The Improvement of Moral Development Through an Increase in Reflection. A Training Programme

1998

Abstract In this study a training programme was implemented to increase reflectivity in 13‐and 14‐year‐old children in the 8th grade of a primary school in Spain. We hoped to confirm that an increase in reflectivity would promote moral development in these children. We did not use classical techniques for improving moral development (values clarification, moral dilemmas, etc.) but, rather, cognitive techniques to increase reflectivity‐‐ problem‐solving, self‐instruction, scanning strategies, and so on. We used Cairns and Cammock's Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF20) (1978) and Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT) (1986) as measuring instruments. As we had supposed prior to the intention, we…

Moral developmentCognitive restructuringApplied psychologyReligious studiesPrimary educationPsychological interventionDefining Issues TestMetacognitionPsychologyDevelopmental psychologyCognitive styleTest (assessment)Journal of Moral Education
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Defining relations of the noncommutative trace algebra of two 3×3 matrices

2006

The noncommutative (or mixed) trace algebra $T_{nd}$ is generated by $d$ generic $n\times n$ matrices and by the algebra $C_{nd}$ generated by all traces of products of generic matrices, $n,d\geq 2$. It is known that over a field of characteristic 0 this algebra is a finitely generated free module over a polynomial subalgebra $S$ of the center $C_{nd}$. For $n=3$ and $d=2$ we have found explicitly such a subalgebra $S$ and a set of free generators of the $S$-module $T_{32}$. We give also a set of defining relations of $T_{32}$ as an algebra and a Groebner basis of the corresponding ideal. The proofs are based on easy computer calculations with standard functions of Maple, the explicit prese…

Polynomial (hyperelastic model)Defining relationsTrace (linear algebra)Trace algebrasApplied MathematicsSubalgebraCenter (category theory)Free moduleNoncommutative geometryRepresentation theoryAlgebraGröbner basisGeneric matricesMatrix invariants and concomitantsGröbner basisMathematicsAdvances in Applied Mathematics
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The Effectiveness of LDOCE Definitions for Concrete and Abstract Nouns in Headword- and Picture-Identification Tasks

2021

Abstract LDOCE uses a defining vocabulary to make their definitions intelligible to the user. Critics claim this policy may result in imprecise definitions, something especially noticeable in certain concrete and abstract words that are difficult to define by a definition only. This paper examines to what extent LDOCE definitions of such words help learners identify the objects and words being defined. In our experiment on 381 learners of English as a foreign language, three groups of participants viewed different definition types: simplified definitions of LDOCE, unsimplified definitions of MWC, and definitions written in the learners’ mother tongue (UDPL/TR). The results show that the LDO…

business.industryComputer sciencesimplifiedcomputer.software_genreLanguage and LinguisticsHeadwordabstractdefining vocabularyNounpictureidentificationdefinitionconcreteIdentification (biology)Artificial intelligencebusinesscomputerNatural language processingInternational Journal of Lexicography
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