Search results for "depression"
showing 10 items of 1778 documents
Inbreeding depression in the effects of body mass on energy use
2011
Large organisms have higher metabolic rates than small organisms but, if we compare their relative metabolic rates (i.e. per gram of tissue), this relationship is very often reversed. The pervasiveness of this phenomenon, called metabolic scaling, has attracted several theoretical explanations, and also produced lingering debate over whether metabolic scaling is a physically constrained and universally constant phenomenon or a more variable and evolutionarily malleable trait. To bring novel insights to this debate, we manipulated male Gryllodes sigillatus crickets’ coefficients of inbreeding to determine whether metabolic scaling is sensitive to the manipulation of genetic quality. Because …
Differential effects of faces and words in cognitive control in older adults with and without major depressive disorder: An emotional Stroop task stu…
2021
Aging and major depressive disorders have been associated with impaired cognitive control. These deficits are also influenced by the affective valence and by the type of stimulus processed. Using an emotional Stroop task, the current study aims to examine cognitive control deficits and their association with emotion regulation in depression and the influence of the type of stimulus (words and faces) in this association. A total of 26 older patients with a major depressive disorder (MDD) (19 women; age range: 65-84 years) and 26 older healthy controls (18 women; age range: 65-80 years) participated in the study. The results showed that MDD individuals presented greater Stroop effects than th…
Designing a framework for assisting depression severity assessment from facial image analysis
2015
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. Developing adjunct tools aiding depression assessment is expected to impact overall health outcomes and treatment cost reduction. To this end, platforms designed for automatic and non-invasive depression assessment could help in detecting signs of the disease on a regular basis, without requiring the physical presence of a mental health professional. Despite the different approaches that can be found in the literature, both in terms of methods and algorithms, a fully satisfactory system for the automatic assessment of depression severity has not been presented as yet. This paper describes a propose…
Drawings of depressed inpatients: Intentional and unintentional expression of emotional states
1998
Twenty-six patients, aged 21 to 63, hospitalized for depression, and 26 control individuals were asked to make a "funny" and a "sad" drawing, which were scored on 22 variables describing their formal aspects and contents. Results show that drawings of individuals with depression differ from those of control participants on a wide range of variables, sometimes very significantly. Prediction of participants' groups based on eight variables obtained by discriminant analysis was correct in 98% of cases. Results support the usefulness of asking for the two kinds of drawings and suggest that depression is better detected through formal aspects of drawings than through their contents.
Depression and anxiety disorders in a sample of facial trauma: A study from Iran.
2015
Background: Various studies have shown that such patients are susceptible to psychological problems and poor quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders and quality of life in a group of facial trauma. Material and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Oral Health Impact (OHIP-14) questionnaires were used. In this study, fifty subjects were selected from the patients with maxillofacial traumas based on the judgment of the physicians, referring to hospitals in Kerman and Rafsanjan during 2012-2013. In addition, 50 patients referring to the Dental School fo…
An Economic Viewpoint on Capitalism Bashing
2016
Abstract In this paper I discuss two long disputed notions: that capitalism without crises is a fallacy respectively that capitalism bashing, however severe, will not endanger the system itself. Yet proving both is not an easy task since the capitalism issue has always been a cupellation of theory, ideology and political precepts, which are controversial and hard to disentangle. That capitalism detractors are numberless is a truism. Yet criticism against capitalism, however fierce, has always been clearly delineated. Not any more: globalization has rendered the picture dangerously fuzzy. It is now hard to ascertain whether someone who will harangue about the ostensible evils of globalizatio…
Morbid Risks in Relatives of Affective, Schizoaffective, and Schizophrenic Patients — Results of a Family Study
1990
Affective disorders have been the major focus of recent family studies; the results of many family studies agree as regards the increased morbid risks for family members of patients with affective disorders and the distinction between unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. However, in spite of the large number of family studies that have been done there are still some unsettled problems, such as the association of delusional unipolar depression and bipolar depression (Weissman et al. 1986), the relationship of anxiety disorders and depressive disorders in families (Leckman et al. 1983), and the modeling of the association between depression and alcoholism in families (Merikangas et al. 1…
Making sense of multi-actor dialogues in family therapy and network meetings.
2012
In recent years, a number of family therapists have conceptualized psychotherapy as a dialogical activity. This view presents family therapy researchers with specific challenges, the most important of which is to find ways of dealing with the dialogical qualities of the multi-actor dialogues that occur, for example, in family therapeutic conversations. In this article, we propose some preliminary ideas concerning qualitative investigations of multi-actor dialogues. Our aim is to work toward an integration of Bakhtin’s theoretical concepts with good practices in qualitative research (e.g., dialogical tools and concepts of a narrative processes coding system) in order to make sense of family …
The British Paper Industry, 1800–2000
2012
Britain was the first country in the world to enter into the business of mechanised papermaking. It continued in the lead in the field of papermaking until the 1890s, after which the momentum of being the first nation successfully to mechanise the production of paper was gradually lost to some of its major competitors in North America and Continental Europe. The first part of the twentieth century was characterised by industry growth disturbed by the First World War, the economic depression of the early 1930s and the Second World War. The post-Second World War era signified the decline of the role of the Empire as a market and business-making area for British companies and also the decline …
Reshaping Monetary Policy after the Great Crash: John H. Williams at the NY FED
2020
John H. Williams was an influential economist and central banker in the interwar years. A Harvard University professor since 1929 specialized in international trade and monetary economics, he joined the NY Fed in 1933 and became its vice-President in 1936. This paper aims to provide a general assessment of Williams’ contributions to monetary and fiscal policy during his tenure at the NY FED. We shall try to do so by following a twofold perspective: i. establish connections between Williams’ more theoretical works, his interpretations of the great depression and some policy decisions enacted by the FED in the 1930s; ii. provide new archival evidence on what was the part Williams played in th…