Search results for "detector"

showing 10 items of 3491 documents

Nonlinear analysis of classical phase-locked loops in signal's phase space

2014

Abstract Discovery of undesirable hidden oscillations, which cannot be found by the standard simulation, in phase-locked loop (PLL) showed the importance of consideration of nonlinear models and development of rigorous analytical methods for their analysis. In this paper for various signal waveforms, analytical computation of multiplier/mixer phase-detector characteristics is demonstrated, and nonlinear dynamical model of classical analog PLL is derived. Approaches to the rigorous nonlinear analysis of classical analog PLL are discussed.

Multiplier (Fourier analysis)Phase-locked loopNonlinear systemControl theoryPhase spaceComputationHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSWaveformPhase detector characteristicHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYMultistabilityMathematicsIFAC Proceedings Volumes
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Testing Equality of Multiple Power Spectral Density Matrices

2018

This paper studies the existence of optimal invariant detectors for determining whether P multivariate processes have the same power spectral density. This problem finds application in multiple fields, including physical layer security and cognitive radio. For Gaussian observations, we prove that the optimal invariant detector, i.e., the uniformly most powerful invariant test, does not exist. Additionally, we consider the challenging case of close hypotheses, where we study the existence of the locally most powerful invariant test (LMPIT). The LMPIT is obtained in the closed form only for univariate signals. In the multivariate case, it is shown that the LMPIT does not exist. However, the c…

Multivariate statisticsGaussian02 engineering and technologyGeneralized likelihood tatio test (GLRT)Toeplitz matrixUniformly most powerful invariant test (UMPIT)01 natural sciencesElectronic mail010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakePower spectral density (PSD)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringApplied mathematics0101 mathematicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringGeneralized likelihood ratio test (GLRT)MathematicsTelecomunicaciones1299 Otras Especialidades MatemáticasDetectorUnivariateSpectral density020206 networking & telecommunicationsInvariant (physics)Toeplitz matrixSignal ProcessingsymbolsTime-SeriesLocally most powerful invariant test (LMPIT)
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Locally optimal invariant detector for testing equality of two power spectral densities

2018

This work addresses the problem of determining whether two multivariate random time series have the same power spectral density (PSD), which has applications, for instance, in physical-layer security and cognitive radio. Remarkably, existing detectors for this problem do not usually provide any kind of optimality. Thus, we study here the existence under the Gaussian assumption of optimal invariant detectors for this problem, proving that the uniformly most powerful invariant test (UMPIT) does not exist. Thus, focusing on close hypotheses, we show that the locally most powerful invariant test (LMPIT) only exists for univariate time series. In the multivariate case, we prove that the LMPIT do…

Multivariate statisticsSeries (mathematics)Computer scienceGaussianDetectorUnivariateSpectral density020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologyUniformly most powerful invariant test (UMPIT)01 natural sciencesMatrix decomposition010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakePower spectral density (PSD)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsymbols0101 mathematicsInvariant (mathematics)Time seriesHypothesis testGeneralized likelihood ratio test (GLRT)AlgorithmLocally most powerful invariant test (LMPIT)Statistical hypothesis testing
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Direct measurement of the muonic content of extensive air showers between 2× 1017 and 2×1018 eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory

2020

The hybrid design of the Pierre Auger Observatory allows for the measurement of the properties of extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. By using an array of prototype underground muon detectors, we have performed the first direct measurement, by the Auger Collaboration, of the muon content of air showers between 2 × 10 17 and 2 × 10 18 eV. We have studied the energy evolution of the attenuation-corrected muon density, and compared it to predictions from air shower simulations. The observed densities are found to be larger than those predicted by models. We quantify this discrepancy by combining the measurements from the muon detector …

Muon detector ultra-high energy cosmic raysmuonsUHE Cosmic Rays
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Algorithms for the ROD DSP of the ATLAS Hadronic Tile Calorimeter

2007

In this paper we present the performance of two algorithms currently running in the Tile Calorimeter Read-Out Driver boards for the commissioning of ATLAS. The first algorithm presented is the so called Optimal Filtering. It reconstructs the deposited energy in the Tile Calorimeter and the arrival time of the data. The second algorithm is the MTag which tags low transverse momentum muons that may escape the ATLAS muon spectrometer first level trigger. Comparisons between online (inside the Read-Out Drivers) and offline implementations are done with an agreement around 99% for the reconstruction of the amplitude using the Optimal Filtering algorithm and a coincidende of 93% between the offli…

MuonPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryAtlas (topology)Computer scienceHadronAtlas muon spectrometerTile calorimeterAmplitudeLevel triggerbusinessInstrumentationAlgorithmMathematical PhysicsDigital signal processing
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"Table 1" of "A Precise Measurement of the Muon Neutrino-NucleonInclusive Charged Current Cross-Section off an IsoscalarTarget in the Energy Range\bo…

2007

Inclusive muon-neutrino charged current cross section.

NUMU NUCLEON --> MU- XPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyIntegrated Cross SectionDeep Inelastic ScatteringCross SectionSIGMuon productionInclusivePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCharged Current3.084-20.716
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A secret sharing scheme for anonymous DNS queries

2013

Since its adoption in the early 90's, several privacy concerns have emerged about the Domain Name System (DNS). By collecting the DNS queries performed by each user, it is possible to characterize habits, interests and other sensitive data of the users. Usually, users resolve their {\em url} requests by querying the DSN server belonging to their Internet Service Provider (ISP) and therefore they assume they can trust it. However, different DNS servers can be used, by revealing sensitive data to a partially untrusted entity that can collect and sell this data for several purposes (target advertising, user profiling, etc.). In this paper we address the possibility to integrate tools in the cu…

Name serverInformation privacyComputer scienceRound-robin DNSecret sharing schemeOverlay networkServersServernsupdateISPDNS spoofingPeer-to-peer computingDNS hijackingdomain name systemInternetdata privacyender anonymitybusiness.industrySettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniDomain Name Systemquery processinguser privacyComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSmultiple nodeIP networkInternet service provideranonymous DNS queryPrivacyecurity of dataCryptographybusinessComputer networkDSN serverRadiation detector
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Role of Ge nanoclusters in the performance of photodetectors compatible with Si technology

2013

In this work, we investigate the spectral response of metal-oxide- semiconductor photodetectors based on Ge nanoclusters (NCs) embedded in a silicon dioxide (SiO2) matrix. The role of Ge NC size and density on the spectral response was evaluated by comparing the performance of PDs based on either densely packed arrays of 2 nm-diameter NCs or a more sparse array of 8 nm-diameter Ge NCs. Our Ge NC photodetectors exhibit a high spectral responsivity in the 500-1000 nm range with internal quantum efficiency of ~ 700% at - 10 V, and with NC array parameters such as NC density and size playing a crucial role in the photoconductive gain and response time. We find that the configuration with a more…

NanoclusterMaterials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementPhotodetectorGermaniumPhotoconductive gainSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaNanoclustersResponse time (computer systems) GermaniumHigh-efficiency photodetectorGermanium; Nanocluster; High-efficiency photodetectorsSparse arrayHigh-efficiencyResponse timeMaterials ChemistryGainPhotodetectorbusiness.industryGermaniumPhotoconductivityInternal quantum efficiencyMetals and AlloysResponse timeSurfaces and InterfacesPhotonSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRecombination centerchemistrySemiconductor photodetectorHigh-efficiency photodetectorsOptoelectronicsSpectral responseQuantum efficiencybusinessExcitationSpectral responsivity Nanocluster
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Growth and characterization of PbI2-decorated ZnO nanowires for photodetection applications

2020

Financial support provided by Scientific Research Project for Students and Young Researchers Nr. SJZ/2017/1 realized at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia is greatly acknowledged. The authors are grateful to Liga Bikse for XRD measurements.

NanostructurePhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencePhotodetector02 engineering and technologySubstrate (electronics)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyResponsivityElectronic structure calculationsPbI2:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Layered materialsElectron microscopyMaterials ChemistryPhotodetectorLead oxidebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringMetals and Alloys021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesNanowireMechanics of MaterialsTransmission electron microscopyOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessDark currentJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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Room-temperature efficient light detection by amorphous Ge quantum wells

2013

In this work, ultrathin amorphous Ge films (2 to 30 nm in thickness) embedded in SiO2 layers were grown by magnetron sputtering and employed as proficient light sensitizer in photodetector devices. A noteworthy modification of the visible photon absorption is evidenced due to quantum confinement effects which cause both a blueshift (from 0.8 to 1.8 eV) in the bandgap and an enhancement (up to three times) in the optical oscillator strength of confined carriers. The reported quantum confinement effects have been exploited to enhance light detection by Ge quantum wells, as demonstrated by photodetectors with an internal quantum efficiency of 70%. © 2013 Cosentino et al.

NanostructurePhotonMaterials sciencePhotodetectorCONFINEMENTBlue shiftOptical oscillator strengthMaterials Science(all)Quantum confinement effectLight detectionQuantum confinementGeneral Materials ScienceLight absorptionPhotodetectorQuantum wellPotential wellNano ExpressPhoton absorptionSUPERLATTICESGermaniumbusiness.industryRoom temperature Amorphous filmInternal quantum efficiencyNANOCLUSTERSSemiconductor quantum wellCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotonNanostructuresBlueshiftAmorphous solidQuantum dotOptoelectronicsPHOTOLUMINESCENCEQuantum efficiencybusinessUltrathin films GermaniumGe quantum well
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