Search results for "determination"

showing 10 items of 718 documents

Nearly exact sample size calculation for powerful non-randomized tests for differences between binomial proportions

2015

In the case of two independent samples, it turns out that among the procedures taken in consideration, BOSCHLOO'S technique of raising the nominal level in the standard conditional test as far as admissible performs best in terms of power against almost all alternatives. The computational burden entailed in exact sample size calculation is comparatively modest for both the uniformly most powerful unbiased randomized and the conservative non-randomized version of the exact Fisher-type test. Computing these values yields a pair of bounds enclosing the exact sample size required for the Boschloo test, and it seems reasonable to replace the exact value with the middle of the corresponding inter…

Statistics and ProbabilityScore testExact statisticsBinomial testsymbols.namesakeExact testMcNemar's testSample size determinationStatisticssymbolsSign testStatistics Probability and UncertaintyFisher's exact testMathematicsStatistica Neerlandica
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Test and power considerations for multiple endpoint analyses using sequentially rejective graphical procedures

2009

A variety of powerful test procedures are available for the analysis of clinical trials addressing multiple objectives, such as comparing several treatments with a control, assessing the benefit of a new drug for more than one endpoint, etc. However, some of these procedures have reached a level of complexity that makes it difficult to communicate the underlying test strategies to clinical teams. Graphical approaches have been proposed instead that facilitate the derivation and communication of Bonferroni-based closed test procedures. In this paper we give a coherent description of the methodology and illustrate it with a real clinical trial example. We further discuss suitable power measur…

Statistics and ProbabilityTest strategyEndpoint DeterminationEpidemiologyComputer scienceControl (management)Analysis of clinical trialsMachine learningcomputer.software_genresymbols.namesakeDrug TherapyComputer GraphicsConfidence IntervalsHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicbusiness.industryVariety (cybernetics)Test (assessment)Clinical trialBonferroni correctionClinical Trials Phase III as TopicData Interpretation StatisticalMultiple comparisons problemsymbolsArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmcomputerStatistics in Medicine
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Sample size in cluster-randomized trials with time to event as the primary endpoint

2011

In cluster-randomized trials, groups of individuals (clusters) are randomized to the treatments or interventions to be compared. In many of those trials, the primary objective is to compare the time for an event to occur between randomized groups, and the shared frailty model well fits clustered time-to-event data. Members of the same cluster tend to be more similar than members of different clusters, causing correlations. As correlations affect the power of a trial to detect intervention effects, the clustered design has to be considered in planning the sample size. In this publication, we derive a sample size formula for clustered time-to-event data with constant marginal baseline hazards…

Statistics and ProbabilityTime FactorsEndpoint DeterminationSubstance-Related DisordersEpidemiologyPsychological interventionBiostatisticsTime-to-Treatmentlaw.inventionCorrelationRandom AllocationRandomized controlled triallawStatisticsClinical endpointEconometricsCluster AnalysisHumansPoisson DistributionBaseline (configuration management)Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicMathematicsEvent (probability theory)Likelihood FunctionsModels StatisticalTerm (time)Sample size determinationSample SizeRegression AnalysisSubstance Abuse Treatment CentersStatistics in Medicine
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Diseño muestral optimo en el caso de no respuesta

1982

Discussed here are several aspects of a simple model for dealing with nonresponse. The model is, in a sense, a sequential one and is developed from a Bayesian decision theory point of view. Within this framework we examine how formalization and combination of one's opinions, and past experience concerning the proportion of nonrespondents, the differences and relations between respondents and nonrespondents, the cost of obtaining information from nonrespondents, etc. We examine the decisions concerning the selection of sampling size m and n, both in the nonrespondent population and in the overall population

Statistics and Probabilityeducation.field_of_studyBayes estimatorGeographySample size determinationPopulationEconometricsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyeducationSelection (genetic algorithm)Trabajos de Estadistica Y de Investigacion Operativa
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On powerful exact nonrandomized tests for the Poisson two-sample setting.

2020

In the case of two independent samples from Poisson distributions, the natural target parameter for hypothesis testing is the ratio of the two population means. The conditional tests which have been derived for this class of problems already in the 1940s are well known to be optimal in terms of power only when randomized decisions between hypotheses are admitted at the boundary of the respective rejection regions. The major objective of this contribution is to show how the approach used by Boschloo in 1970 for constructing a powerful nonrandomized version of Fisher’s exact test for hypotheses about the odds ratio between two binomial parameters can successfully be adapted for the Poisson c…

Statistics and Probabilityeducation.field_of_studyEpidemiologyPopulationBoundary (topology)Poisson distribution01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeExact test0302 clinical medicineHealth Information ManagementSample size determinationSample SizesymbolsCutoffApplied mathematics030212 general & internal medicinePoisson Distribution0101 mathematicseducationEquivalence (measure theory)Statistical hypothesis testingMathematicsStatistical methods in medical research
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Determination of equilibrium constants and computational interaction energies for adducts of [Rh2(RCO2)(4-n)(PC)n] (n = 0-2) with Lewis bases.

2007

Properties of dirhodium catalysts with cyclometalated aryl phosphine ligands have been studied. We report here the study of the acid−base reaction of Rh2(RCO2)2(PC)2(H2O)2 catalysts (PC = cyclometalated aryl phosphine) with different Lewis bases. The determination of the equilibrium constants of these reactions can be used to study to which extent the properties of the axial coordination site of the catalyst, considered the active site, are affected by modification of the metalated phosphines, the carboxylate ligands, or the incoming axial ligand. The trends in the computational density functional theory interaction energies show good agreement with the major trends in the equilibrium const…

StereochemistryLigandArylAdductInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryCarboxylateLewis acids and basesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDetermination of equilibrium constantsEquilibrium constantPhosphineInorganic chemistry
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Synthesis, crystal and molecular-electronic structure, and kinetic investigation of two new sterically hindered isomeric forms of the dimethyl[methyl…

2017

Two new structural isomers – 2,4-dimethyl-5-[methyl(phenylsulfonyl)amino]benzenesulfonyl chloride (1) and 2,4-dimethyl-3-[methyl(phenylsulfonyl)amino]benzenesulfonyl chloride (2) were synthesized by interaction of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methyl-benzenesulfonamide or N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide with chlorosulfonic acid. Both compounds have been structurally characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction at 100 K. The crystals of 1 are triclinic: space group View the MathML source, a = 8.1542(2), b = 11.0728(3), c = 11.2680(3) Å, α = 116.557(3), β = 95.155(2), γ = 108.258(2)°, V = 831.97(4) Å3, Z = 2, R = 0.0251 for 2429 reflections; the crystals of 2 are monoclinic:…

Steric effectsSubstitution reaction010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistryTriclinic crystal system010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesKinetics of substitution reactions in aqueous solution0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundQuantum-chemical analysischemistryX-ray crystal structure determinationIntramolecular forceBenzenesulfonyl chlorideStructural isomerMoleculeOrtho-effectSterically hindered derivatives of aromatic sulfonic acidsSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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The thymus at the crossroad of neuroimmune interactions.

2006

The numerous relationships existing between the nervous and the immune systems suggest that the neural networks present in the intrathymic microenvironment may influence T-cell development. We previously reported that thymic neural-crest-derived stromal cells are involved in a neural differentiation pathway and are able to produce neurotrophic factors and neurokines that are in turn able to increase and/or modulate thymic-stromal cell neuronal phenotype. We also showed that EGF promotes a neural phenotype in thymic epithelial cells by enhancing the expression of neuronal-specific markers, neurotransmitters, and neuropoietic cytokines, such as IL-6 and CNTF. More recently we showed that the …

Stromal cellbiologyNeuroimmunomodulationGeneral NeuroscienceT-LymphocytesThymus GlandCiliary neurotrophic factorCell fate determinationPhenotypeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell biologyThymocyteImmune systemHistory and Philosophy of ScienceNeurotrophic factorsImmunologybiology.proteinAnimalsHumansNeurotrophinAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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La performance académique des étudiants en première année universitaire : influence des capacités cognitives et de la motivation

2012

Today, academic failure is closely monitored, especially when first year students are concerned. The aim of this dissertation is the comprehension of the mechanism that builds academic success. The approach is both quantitative and integrative. For this purpose, data have been collected from 700 first year students in social administration, law and psychology areas in the university of Burgundy. Collected information allows to control academic and demographic factors. This dissertation focuses on two aspects : a measure of the student’s cognitive abilities at their entry in the university and a measure of their motivation during the course of the year. The results show that the school backg…

Student projectRéussite universitaireProjet étudiantCapacités cognitivesCognitive abilities[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationMotivational abilitiesUniversity success[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationThéorie de l’autodéterminationCapacités motivationnellesSelf-determination theory
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Corrigendum: Quality of the Physical Education Teacher's Instruction in the Perspective of Self-Determination

2021

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.708441.].

Subjective vitalitymedia_common.quotation_subjectlegitimate perceptionPerspective (graphical)Applied psychologyPhysical educationBF1-990task presentationSelf-determinationphysical educationsubjective vitalitybasic psychological needsPsychologyCorrective feedbackQuality (business)corrective feedbackPsychologyGeneral Psychologymedia_commonFrontiers in Psychology
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