Search results for "developing countries"

DESIGNING OUTCOME-BASED PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS THROUGH SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELLING TO FRAME CORRUPTION BEHAVIOUR IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

Corruption is one of the most significant problems facing Serbia. While there are some signs that corruption may have become less rampant in recent years, available evidence suggests that corruption levels are still high while trust in key institutions is low (European Commission, 2014). This phenomenon is ubiquitous and has serious consequences on a country’s public welfare. Numerous conducted studies have mainly focused on specific characteristics such as economic issues, legal issues, social propositions, impact on national development, and about economic policy. The rationale of this research is to concentrate on a specific Anti-Hail Public Service provider in Serbia by not only explori…

Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017

2019

Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2—to end preventable child deaths by 2030—we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends. Here we quantified, for the period 2000–2017, the subnational variation in mortality rates and number of deaths of neonates, infants and children under 5 years of age within 99 low- and middle-income countries using a geostatistical survival model. We estimated that 32% of children under 5 in these countries lived in districts that had attained ra…

Steering Institutionalization through Institutional Work: The Case of an eProcurement System in Indonesian Local Government

2014

Corruption is arguably one of the main hindrances to development. In their effort to combat corruption, governments in developing countries turn to information technology to enhance transparency in decision making. However, implementation of an information system in this context is not straightforward. Premised upon institutional theory, this interpretive case study traces the role of institutional actors in the institutionalization of an eProcurement system in Indonesian local government. It draws on different streams of research on institutional work to develop an interpretive lens to understand what institutional actors do to steer the institutionalization process. It identifies a set of…

Exploring the Link between ICT and Development in the Context of Developing Countries : A Literature Review

2014

Published version of an article in the journal: Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries. Also available from the publisher at: http://www.ejisdc.org/ojs2/index.php/ejisdc/article/view/1332. Open Access The article contributes to the ongoing discussion on relating information and communication technology (ICT) to development (D). The quest to relate ICT to D is a topic of open deliberation and critical scrutiny in ICT4D research communities. To enhance the understanding in this regard, we conducted a literature review. The review examines 80 articles to identify various development theories and the role of technologies in the development process. While scanning the …

Understanding ICT in ICT4D : An Affordance Perspective

2017

Understanding the role of ICT for development is at the core of ICT4D research. However, prevailing research in this field most often focuses on access or readiness of a technology, or on the outcomes of the technology use. Less attention has been paid to understand the mechanism of the technology use that leads to the outcomes. The question of why ICT in a development context sometimes work and sometimes does not work still remains a subject of enquiry. To enhance our understanding in this regard, we propose to use the concept of affordances to unfold the “black boxed” nature of ICT. We revisited a case from Kenya to illustrate the application of affordances in a ICT4D context. The finding…

Could telemedicine enhance traditional medicine practices?

2014

International audience; In developing countries, telemedicine and mobile health tools promise to enhance access to high-quality healthcare, to support communication of medical information and to assist pharmacovigilance processes. In this article, we provide some arguments on the potential of telemedicine and mobile health (mHealth) applications to improve the delivery of health care in rural African regions. Specifically, the development of mobile telemedicine could help to lay the foundations of a healthcare approach integrating modern medical knowledge with ancient medical practices on the African continent. Access to information and communication technology (ICT), technical devices or p…

Mapping child growth failure across low- and middle-income countries

2020

Childhood malnutrition is associated with high morbidity and mortality globally1. Undernourished children are more likely to experience cognitive, physical, and metabolic developmental impairments that can lead to later cardiovascular disease, reduced intellectual ability and school attainment, and reduced economic productivity in adulthood2. Child growth failure (CGF), expressed as stunting, wasting, and underweight in children under five years of age (0–59 months), is a specific subset of undernutrition characterized by insufficient height or weight against age-specific growth reference standards3–5. The prevalence of stunting, wasting, or underweight in children under five is the proport…

Nouveaux enjeux pour l'école moyenne en Afrique

2005

05113; On constate aujourd'hui une augmentation massive de la scolarité des 12-16 ans dans les pays africains en développement. Ce phénomène est lié au développement voulu et obtenu des scolarités primaires.Pour diverses raisons, l'école moyenneconstitue un cycle terminal pour la grande majorité des enfants qui la fréquentent. Son organisation actuelle, telle qu'on peut l'observer dans différents pays, est cependant très proche du collège secondaire français et donc inapte à fournir le cadre adéquat pour un cycle terminal générateur de progrès économiques et sociaux.Bâti sur cette problématique de l'articulation entre les flux d'élèves, les contenus pédagogiques et les modalités d'organisat…

TRIPS Agreement: From Minimum Standards to Double Standards of Intellectual Property Rights Protection in North-South Relations

2015

The WTO Trips agreement's basic objective of establishing minimum international standards for IP rights protection is based on a restrictive " one-fits-all " approach that denies the right to enact or not to enact intellectual property rights provisions to developing countries and least developed countries and restrict their ability to effectively adapt national laws to their own socioeconomic environment and development level. Developed countries had widely benefited from this privilege when no minimum binding standards of intellectual property existed in multilateral relations. The Trips agreement stabilizes the strong inequalities in terms of bargaining power between rich and poor countr…

Les apports des études internationales pour évaluer l'efficacité de l'école dans les pays en développement

2005

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