Search results for "developing"

Vulnerability of the unbanked: evidence from a developing country

2016

The general theory of culture, entrepreneurship, innovation, and quality-of-life: Comparing nurturing versus thwarting enterprise start-ups in BRIC, …

2016

Abstract This study examines influences on quality-of-life of national cultures as complex wholes and entrepreneurship activities in Brazil, Russia, India, China, Germany, and the United States (the six focal nations) plus Denmark (a small-size, economically-developed, nation). The study tests McClelland's (1961) and more recent scholars' proposition that some cultural configurations nurture entrepreneur startups while other cultures are biased toward thwarting startups. The study applies complexity theory to develop and empirically test a general theory of cultures', entrepreneurship's, and innovation's impact on quality-of-life across nations. Because culture represents a complex whole of…

A hybrid approach to international market selection: The case of impact investing organizations

2020

Abstract Social enterprises are hybrid organizations that concurrently pursue social and economic goals and hence are mid-way between conventional capitalistic firms and non-profit organizations. Many social enterprises are becoming international; delivering services across borders. With the objective of understanding the internationalization of these unconventional organizations, this paper examines their international market selection decision based on host countries’ macroeconomic conditions. Generally, we hypothesize that the international market selection decision of social enterprises is tied to their hybridity, an overarching characteristic that sets them apart from other types of or…

Explaining Mobile Commerce Usage Intention Based on Technology Acceptance Models in a Developing Market Context

2021

Purpose – This paper aims to explain the intention to use mobile phones for shopping based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) model in a developing country context, characterized by the mobile channel’s high growth rates. The research model analyzes perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influence, facilitating conditions, and hedonic motivation on m-commerce usage intention. Design/Methodology/Approach – Data for the research were collected through a survey among mobile commerce users in Ecuador. We tested the model through partial least squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings and impli…

The Performance Impact of Informal and Formal Institutional Differences in Cross-Border Alliances

2019

Abstract This study addresses the simultaneous and diverse effects of differences in informal and formal institutions on cross-border alliances’ financial performance. We utilize data from 405 microfinance institutions (MFIs), based in 74 developing countries, that have alliances with partners from developed countries. We find that the impact of informal institutional differences between MFIs and their cross-border partners is sigmoid-shaped, with performance first increasing, then declining, before improving again as informal institutional differences grow large. By contrast, formal institutional differences appear to be detrimental to MFIs’ performance. Consistent with our prediction, we …

Mobile banking services adoption in Pakistan: are there gender differences?

2017

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive insight into the deciding factors affecting an individual’s intention to adopt mobile banking (m-banking) services in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach A survey approach was used with a sample of 189 responses from across Pakistan. Multi-group analysis was performed in order to detect gender differences among men and women in the process of adopting m-banking. Findings The paper found support for the positive effect of perceived behavioral control (PBC) and attitudes (ATT) toward m-banking adoption intentions. Significant differences between men and women were found to affect subjective norms (SN) on adoption intention, ev…

Transformative Quality in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): Conceptualisation, scale development and validation

2021

With the increasing post-massification of higher education institutions (HEIs), access-providing business schools (vs elite educational institutions) continue to rank at the bottom in terms of quality. This study defines and develops a measure of quality in the context of access-providing business schools in a developing country. Access-providing private business schools face competing challenges of balancing inclusiveness and access with excellence and quality. Pursuing inclusiveness and access alongside excellence and quality seems a utopian ideal. However, this study propounds transformative quality as key for addressing these conflicting issues, which have long impacted post-massificati…

Gli aspetti fiscali delle attività di rigenerazione e riuso di beni a fini di interesse generale.

2017

E’ possibile attribuire un riconoscimento, una legittimazione ed una regolamentazione giuridica all'opera prestata dai privati nell'attività di rigenerazione e riuso di beni di interesse comune? La leva fiscale può essere considerata come strumento per favorire lo sviluppo di queste attività? Alla prima domanda possiamo rispondere che il concetto, oggi in evoluzione, di sussidiarietà orizzontale, sembra essere lo strumento più idoneo per inquadrare giuridicamente le azioni di privati cittadini che volontariamente decidono di prendersi cura di beni comuni ai più diversi livelli (beni immobili o mobili concernenti il patrimonio artistico/culturale o, più in generale, fruibili da una collettiv…

Foreign-owned firms around the world: A comparative analysis of wages and employment at the micro-level

2013

Abstract This paper provides the first microeconomic cross-country analysis of the effects of foreign ownership on wages, employment and worker turnover rates. Using firm-level and linked worker-firm data, we apply a standardised methodology for three developed (Germany, Portugal, UK) and two emerging economies (Brazil, Indonesia). We find that wage effects are larger in developing countries, and that for each country the largest effect on wages comes from workers who move from domestic to foreign firms. Employment growth after foreign takeover is concentrated in high-skill jobs. In contrast to widespread fears, there is no evidence that wage gains come at the expense of greater job insecur…

MRSA infection in the neonatal intensive care unit

2013

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is well known as one of the most frequent etiological agents of healthcare-associated infections. The epidemiology of MRSA is evolving with emergence of community-associated MRSA, the clonal spread of some successful clones, their spillover into healthcare settings and acquisition of antibacterial drug resistances. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients are at an especially high risk of acquiring colonization and infection by MRSA. Epidemiology of MRSA in NICU can be very complex because outbreaks can overlap endemic circulation and make it difficult to trace transmission routes. Moreover, increasing prevalence of community-associated…