Search results for "diaphragm"
showing 10 items of 96 documents
Der Einfluss von Acetylcholin auf die42Kalium-Abgabe postnataler, denervierter und reinnervierter Skeletmuskulatur
1960
The loss of42K from the isolated rat diaphragm into the bathing solution is increased by acetylcholine, (a) 3 to 4 days after birth, (b) 7 to 14 days after sectioning of the phrenic nerve. The42K loss is not altered by acetylcholine in the diaphragm of adult rats and after the denervated diaphragm has become reinnervated.
Thermal Excitation of Fourth Sound in Liquid Helium II
1974
In narrow channels filled with helium II two wave modes propagate, fourth sound1–3 and the fifth wave mode.4–6 According to new results of theoretical studies,7–8 it has been predicted that it should be possible to excite both wave modes mechanically by vibrating the diaphragm of a condenser microphone as well as thermally by periodically heating the surface of a solid body (e.g., a resistance layer). Shapiro and Rudnick3 have produced and detected fourth-sound signals mechanically. In the present contribution it will be experimentally verified that it is also possible to excite fourth sound thermally. Since the theory7,8 gives the result that fourth sound can be generated thermally only if…
Inspiratory inhibition and rebound activation elicited by intermittent electrical bulbar stimulation in various states of pulmonary afferent vagal ex…
1975
In anesthetized rabbits spirogram and diaphragmatic activity were examined during electrical stimulation of regions of the medulla oblongata. The volleys were triggered by the animal's own respiration. 1. One volley of 120 msec duration at 100 pulses p.s., applied during inspiratory, caused an immediate and transient inhibition of the diaphragmatic activity. After the end of the volley and inspiratory rebound appeared: the tidal volume was increased and the inspiration was prolonged by some 150 msec. The respiratory rate decreased. 2. Continuous low or high frequency electrical stimulation of pulmonary stretch afferents caused an inspiratory or an expiratory effect respectively. In both con…
The bulbar respiratory centre in the rabbit. I. Changes of respiratory parameters caused by intermittent electrical bulbar stimulation during inspira…
1976
In anesthetized rabbits, spirogram and diaphragmatic activity were examined during electrical stimulation of the bulbar lateral reticular formation. The activity of bulbar respiratory neurons was recorded contra-or ipsilaterally to the stimulation site. One volley of repetitive stimuli per breath was delivered during either inspiration or expiration. 1. Each volley of about 120 ms duration at 100 pulses per second, delivered early ininspiration, caused an immediate and transient inhibition of the diaphragmatic activity. An inspiratory, rebound comprising lengthening of inspiration and increase in tidal volume occurred. a) “Inspiratory” and “expiratory-inspiratory” phase-spanning neurons exh…
Assessment of diaphragm and lung ultrasound interest as a diagnostic and monitoring tool in acute respiratory diseases by the physiotherapist in crit…
2021
Thoracic ultrasound is a non-invasive, ionization-free and easily available tool at the bedside of the critical care patient. The aim of this thesis is to assess the lung and diaphragm ultrasound interest in the diagnosis and monitoring of the acute pulmonary disorders by the critical care physiotherapist.Our narrative review showed a high diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound to diagnose acute pulmonary disorders commonly encountered by the physiotherapist. The review of the lung ultrasound semiology allowed us to propose a chest physiotherapy strategy depending the ultrasound findings in the patients. Our multicenter clinical trial enrolled 151 ICU patients and highlighted the high impac…
Clinical cardiac assessment in newborns with prenatally diagnosed intrathoracic masses
2018
Abstract Background Congenital space-occupying thoracic malformations and diaphragmatic hernia have in common pulmonary hypoplasia. Our study aims to assess cardiac involvement during post-natal adaptation. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on newborns with prenatally diagnosed intrathoracic mass. Gathering for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 35 neonates were compared for clinical course, cardiovascular enzymes, ECG, and ultrasound. Results The analysis revealed a high left heart defect rate in patients with severe RDS, without being influenced by the laterality. Ultrasound or laboratory assessment did not detect altered cardiac dimension or cardiomyopathy. Solely ECG signs…
Hypoxia-induced dysfunction of rat diaphragm
2004
Contains fulltext : 47331.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Oxidants may play a role in hypoxia-induced respiratory muscle dysfunction. In the present study we hypothesized that hypoxia-induced impairment in diaphragm contractility is associated with elevated peroxynitrite generation. In addition, we hypothesized that strenuous contractility of the diaphragm increases peroxynitrite formation. In vitro force-frequency relationship, isotonic fatigability, and nitrotyrosine levels were assessed under hypoxic (Po(2) approximately 6.5 kPa) and hyperoxic (Po(2) approximately 88.2 kPa) control conditions and also in the presence of authentic peroxynitrite (60 min), ebselen (60 min), and t…
New modes in non-invasive ventilation
2016
IF 2.536; International audience; Non-invasive ventilation is useful to treat some forms of respiratory failure. Hence, the number of patients receiving this treatment is steadily increasing. Considerable conceptual and technical progress has been made in recent years by manufacturers concerning this technique. This includes new features committed to improve its effectiveness as well as patient-ventilator interactions. The goal of this review is to deal with latest advances in ventilatory modes and features available for non-invasive ventilation. We present a comprehensive analysis of new modes of ventilator assistance committed to treat respiratory failure (hybrid modes) and central and co…
Minimum cause--maximum effect: the travelogue of a bullet.
2010
This case report involves a 57-year-old male, accidentally shot in the chest with a small bore firearm. The bullet entered the left hemithorax, disrupting the left internal mammarian artery. It then penetrated the anterior wall of the right ventricle causing a pericardial tamponade. After leaving the base of the right heart it perforated the diaphragm, the liver, the spleen and the pancreas. Finally, it penetrated the abdominal aorta 3 cm proximally to the coeliac trunk and reached its final position paravertebrally. This case report illustrates that the management of even minimum gunshot wounds requires a maximum variety of surgical skills. Keywords: Thoracoabdominal injury; Shotgun wound;…
Effect of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis on postpneumonectomy lung growth.
2013
Respiratory muscle-associated stretch has been implicated in normal lung development (fetal breathing movements) and postpneumonectomy lung growth. To test the hypothesis that mechanical stretch from diaphragmatic contraction contributes to lung growth, we performed left phrenic nerve transections (PNT) in mice with and without ipsilateral pneumonectomy. PNT was demonstrated by asymmetric costal margin excursion and confirmed at autopsy. In mice with two lungs, PNT was associated with a decrease in ipsilateral lung volume ( P < 0.05) and lung weight ( P < 0.05). After pneumonectomy, PNT was not associated with a change in activity level, measureable hypoxemia, or altered minute venti…