Search results for "digestive system"
showing 10 items of 1747 documents
Endoscopic confocal imaging.
2005
In vivo fluorescence endomicroscopy is a newly developed diagnostic tool enabling virtual in vivo histology of the mucosal layer during ongoing endoscopy. This review summarizes currently available data about the technique and clinical use of confocal endomicroscopy. Indications discussed include colorectal cancer evaluation, ulcerative colitis and surveillance, Barrett's esophagus, and detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in vivo.
Digestive Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NEN): French Intergroup clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up (SNFGE, GTE, RENATEN,…
2020
Abstract Introduction This document is a summary of the French Intergroup guidelines regarding the management of digestive neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) published in February 2020 ( www.tncd.org ). Methods All French medical societies involved in the management of NEN took part in this work. Recommendations were graded into four categories (A, B, C or D), according to the level of evidence found in the literature until May 2019. Results The management of NEN is challenging because of their heterogeneity and the increasing complexity of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Pathological analysis is required for their diagnostic and prognostic characterization, which mainly relies on differ…
Adipokines and Endotoxemia Correlate with Hepatic Steatosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
2020
(1) Background: The etiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is multifactorial. Dietary composition has been implicated as a factor modulating intestinal barrier and could affect disease severity. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary intake and markers of intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD. (2) Methods: We enrolled 63 patients with NAFLD and compared them to age-matched controls. (3) Results: body mass index (BMI) and leptin to adiponectin ratio&mdash
Evaluation and management of hemorrhoids: Italian society of colorectal surgery (SICCR) consensus statement
2015
Hemorrhoids are one of the most common medical and surgical diseases and the main reason for a visit to a coloproctologist. This consensus statement was drawn up by the Italian society of colorectal surgery in order to provide practice parameters for an accurate assessment of the disease and consequent appropriate treatment. The authors made a careful search in the main databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane), and all results were classified on the basis of the grade of recommendation (A-C) of the American College of Chest Physicians.
Demonstration and partial characterization of an intermediate HBcAG (Dane particle) population.
1981
Abstract Hepatitis-B core antigen (HBcAg) was released from Dane particles previously separated from anti-HBc by repeated pelleting through sucrose gradients separated into three HBcAg populations when analysed by cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation. Heavy HBcAg particles banded at a density of 1.355 gm/ml, intermediate HBcAg particles at a density of 1.33 gm/ml, and light mediate HBcAg particles at a density of 1.30 gm/ml. Like heavy HBcAg particles, intermediate HBcAg particles contained DNA polymerase activity, but the ratio of HBcAg to DNA polymerase activity was significantly different in both populations. Intermediate HBcAg particles could not be separated from heavy HBcAg…
Biochemical markers in Celiac disease.
2009
Celiac Disease is a worldwide spread condition affecting 1:100-1:200 individuals. It is a permanent food intolerance to ingested gluten in genetically predisposed subjects. In this review we analyze the biochemical markers of the disease going from laboratory findings to histology passing through genetics. Gluten intolerance is a unique model of autoimmune disease in which we can recognize the main environmental factor (gluten) and the more complex genetic background. In additional way, serological markers for monitoring the disease and a safe and effective therapy (gluten free diet) are also available. In deed the environmental factor such as gluten intake is necessary to trigger the disea…
Distribution of Pholeter gastrophilus (Digenea) within the stomach of four odontocete species: the role of the diet and digestive physiology of hosts
2005
We compared the distribution of the digenean Pholeter gastrophilus in the stomach of 27 harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena, 27 striped dolphins, Stenella coeruleoalba, 18 bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, and 100 long-finned pilot whales, Globicephala melas. The stomach of these species is composed of 4 chambers of different size, structure and function. In all species, P. gastrophilus was largely restricted to the glandular region of the stomach, but the parasite tended to favour the fundic chamber in bottlenose dolphins and harbour porpoises, the pyloric chamber in pilot whales, and none in striped dolphins. However, predictability at infrapopulation level was generally low, sugg…
Efficacy of budesonide-loaded mesoporous silica microparticles capped with a bulky azo derivative in rats with TNBS-induced colitis.
2019
Abstract A colon targeted drug delivery system for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), consisting in budesonide loaded mesoporous silica microparticles functionalized with a selective azo-molecular gate (M-Bud), has been evaluated for in vivo efficacy. Experimental colitis in male Wistar rats was induced by rectal instillation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). M-Bud was orally administered to the rats as a suspension in water. Colon/body weight ratio, clinical activity score, and histological evaluation were used as inflammatory indices to measure the performance of the microparticles. The formulation was compared with a suspension prepared from the commercial drug Entocord®. Sta…
Culture and Functional Characterization of Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells
2014
Hepatoma cell lines are frequently used as in vitro alternatives to primary human hepatocytes. Cell lines are characterized by their unlimited life span, stable phenotype, high availability, and easy handling. However, their major limitation is the lower expression of some metabolic activities compared with hepatocytes. HepG2 is a human hepatoma that is most commonly used in drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity studies. HepG2 cells are nontumorigenic cells with high proliferation rates and an epithelial-like morphology that perform many differentiated hepatic functions. In this chapter, freezing, thawing, and subculturing procedures for HepG2 cells are described. We further provide protocols …
Targeted Therapies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the main causes of death in patients affected by chronic liver diseases. The awareness of the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the complex carcinogenic process led to the development of targeted molecules, which are able to block this process. Sorafenib is a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, and currently, it is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HCC. However, some studies have demonstrated the efficacy of single drug therapies or combination therapies. They showed an improvement with regard to overall survival, time to progression, and progression-free survival, although these therapies were not free …