Search results for "digestive"
showing 10 items of 2631 documents
Hepatitis B virus in diabetic patients
1980
The presence of HBV markers was determined in 149 serum samples obtained from diabetic patients and was compared with a normal population. Diabetics have the same incidence of HBsAg but significantly higher anti-HBc antibodies. These differences were seen in the group of diabetics on oral hypoglycemic therapy. These results cannot yet be explained.
Antibody Pattern of HCV Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Italy: A Case Control Study
1994
The association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the presence of a specific antibody pattern was assessed by means of a case-control study conducted in Italy on 65 consecutive newly diagnosed HCC cases and 99 sex- and age-matched control patients with chronic nonhepatic disease. The prevalences of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) observed were 66.2% and 24.6%, respectively. The relative risk for the association of each of the two markers with HCC, as calculated by multiple logistic analysis, was 26.9 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 9.9–72.5) for anti-HCV and 11.4 (95% CI: 3.1–41.1) for HBsAg. Thus, they constitute…
Labeling and nutritional education
2020
Abstract Nutritional food labeling has two components, a nutrient declaration on the back-of-package (usually mandatory) and supplementary simple graphical nutrition information on the front-of-package (commonly voluntary), which are aimed at assisting consumers to be aware of the nutritional value of foods in order to make healthy food choices. This is an important tool for nutritional education that can aid consumers in the fight against diet-related chronic diseases that currently constitute a global public health concern worldwide. In this chapter, the main factors involved in the use and understanding of nutrition labels by consumers, and a detailed explanation of the characteristics o…
Direct antiviral agents in hepatitis C virus related liver disease: Don’t count the chickens before they’re hatched
2021
Since molecules with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) became available, the landscape of the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has completely changed. The new drugs are extremely effective in eradicating infection, and treatment is very well tolerated with a duration of 8-12 wk. This review aims to report the outstanding clinical benefits of DAA and to highlight their critical disadvantages, identifying some clinically relevant hot topics. First, do the rates of virological response remain as high when patients with more advanced cirrhosis are considered? Large studies have shown slightly lower but still satisfactory rates of response in these patients. Nevertheless, modified sche…
Predicting sustained virological responses in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 KD)/ribavirin.
2005
Background/Aims: Prediction of sustained virological response (SVR) during treatment would allow clinicians to identify patients most likely to benefit from therapy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from 1121 adults with chronic hepatitis C treated for 48 weeks with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 KD) 180 mu g/week plus placebo or ribavirin (1000/1200 mg/day), or interferon alfa-2b 3 MIU three times/week plus ribavirin in a randomized, multinational, study. Results: 67% of patients treated with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 KD)/ribavirin with early virological responses (HCV RNA negative or >= 2 log(10) decrease) at week 12 had SVRs at week 72 (HCV RNA 80 % of the planned ribavirin dose. Concl…
Direct-acting antiviral-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected patients
2015
The aim of this review was to detail the current therapies and treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus in coinfected patients, focusing on HCV antiviral agents currently used in practice today or scheduled to enter the open market soon. Several direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combinations show high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, which are often close to those observed in HCV-monoinfected patients. Most recommendations regarding treatment stem from trials with coinfected patients. However, data are lacking for some aspects of HCV-treatment in coinfection, so extrapolations must be made from data obtained predominately from monoinfected patients. HIV/H…
Significant reductions in alcohol use after hepatitis C treatment: results from the ANRS CO13-HEPAVIH cohort
2017
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Few data exist on changes to substance use patterns before and after hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. We used longitudinal data of HIV-HCV co-infected individuals to examine whether receiving pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN)-based therapy irrespective of HCV clearance could modify tobacco, cannabis and alcohol use. DESIGN: A prospective cohort of HIV-HCV co-infected individuals was enrolled from 2006. Participants' clinical data were retrieved from medical records and socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics were collected by yearly self-administered questionnaires. SETTING: Data were collected across 17 hospitals in France. PARTICIPANTS: All HIV-HCV co-infecte…
Peginterferon-Α_2B plus ribavirin is more effective than peginterferon-Α_2A plus ribavirin in menopausal women with chronic hepatitis C
2012
Summary. Under-enrolment of women to randomized clinical trials, including chronic hepatitis C, has long been recognized. The aim of this study was to identify factors predictive of sustained virological response (SVR) to PEG IFN/Ribavirin antiviral therapy in relation to gender and reproductive status of female patients involved. Seven hundred and forty-six treatment-naive patients (431 men, 315 women) treated with Peg-IFNα-2a (180 μg/week) or Peg-IFNα-2b (1.5 μg/kg/week) plus ribavirin (800–1400 mg/day) for 24 or 48 weeks were studied between 2006 and 2010. Differences in SVR rate, overall and by gender were assessed after adjustment and propensity score matching. SVR was obtained in 44…
Hepatocellular cancer: optimal strategies for screening and surveillance.
2009
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging malignancy of global importance and is associated with a high rate of mortality. Individuals with chronic viral hepatitis and other forms of liver disease are at risk for developing HCC. The stage of cancer dictates the therapeutic choice, making early detection a primary objective. Many observational studies have reported that HCC is diagnosed at an earlier stage in patients who received surveillance. The guidelines of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases suggest that surveillance should be performed using ultrasonography at an interval of every 6–12 months. This interval is based upon mainly observational data and the exp…
Imaging features of histological subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma: Implication for LI-RADS
2021
Background & Aims The histopathological subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are associated with distinct clinical features and prognoses. This study aims to report Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS)-defined imaging features of different HCC subtypes in a cohort of resected tumours and to assess the influence of HCC subtypes on computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) LI-RADS categorisation in the subgroup of high-risk patients. Methods This retrospective institutional review board-approved study included patients with resected HCCs and available histopathological classification. Three radiologists independently reviewed preoperative CT and MRI exams. T…