Search results for "digestive"
showing 10 items of 2631 documents
HCV NS3 sequencing as a reliable and clinically useful tool for the assessment of genotype and resistance mutations for clinical samples with differe…
2016
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the reliability and clinical utility of NS3 sequencing in hepatitis C virus (HCV) 1-infected patients who were candidates to start a PI-containing regimen. METHODS: NS3 protease sequencing was performed by in-house-developed HCV-1 subtype-specific protocols. Phylogenetic analysis was used to test sequencing reliability and concordance with previous genotype/subtype assignment by commercial genotyping assays. RESULTS: Five hundred and sixty-seven HCV plasma samples with quantifiable HCV-RNA from 326 HCV-infected patients were collected between 2011 and 2014. Overall, the success rate of NS3 sequencing was 88.9%. The success rate between the two subtype…
Microbiota-Mitochondria Inter-Talk: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
2020
The rising prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing concern worldwide. New discoveries in the field of metagenomics and clinical research have revealed that the gut microbiota plays a key role in these metabolic disorders. The mechanisms regulating microbiota composition are multifactorial and include resistance to stress, presence of pathogens, diet, cultural habits and general health conditions. Recent evidence has shed light on the influence of microbiota quality and diversity on mitochondrial functions. Of note, the gut microbiota has been shown to regulate crucial transcription factors, coactivators, as well as enzymes implicated in mitochondrial biogenesis and meta…
Sweeteners and sweetness enhancers
2017
indexation en cours; PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The current review summarizes and discusses current knowledge on sweeteners and sweetness enhancers. RECENT FINDINGS: The perception of sweet taste is mediated by the type 1 taste receptor 2 (T1R2)/type 1 taste receptor 3 (T1R3) receptor, which is expressed in the oral cavity, where it provides input on the caloric and macronutrient contents of ingested food. This receptor recognizes all the compounds (natural or artificial) perceived as sweet by people. Sweeteners are highly chemically diverse including natural sugars, sugar alcohols, natural and synthetic sweeteners, and sweet-tasting proteins. This single receptor is also the target for developing …
Comparative validity of the ASSO - Food Frequency Questionnaire for the web-based assessment of food and nutrients intake in adolescents
2015
Background : A new web-based food frequency questionnaire (the ASSO–FFQ) was developed within the ASSO Project funded by the Italian Ministry of Health. Objective : The aim of the present study is to assess the validity of the ASSO–FFQ at food groups, energy, and nutrients level. Design and subjects : The validation study compared the ASSO–FFQ against a weighted food record (WFR) measuring foods, beverages and supplements intake, compiled during the week following the ASSO–FFQ administration. Ninety-two subjects aged 14–17, recruited from secondary schools in Palermo (Italy), completed the ASSO–FFQ and WFR. The intake of 24 food groups, energy, and 52 nutrients were taken as main outcomes. …
Improving efficiency of viability-qPCR for selective detection of infectious HAV in food and water samples.
2017
Aim: To improve the efficacy of intercalating dyes to distinguishing between infectious and inactivated hepatitis A virus (HAV) in food. Methods and Results: Different intercalating dyes were evaluated for the discrimination between infectious and thermally inactivated HAV suspensions combining with the RT‐qPCR proposed in the ISO 15216. Among them, PMAxx was the best dye in removing the RT‐qPCR signal from inactivated HAV. Applied to lettuce and spinach, PMAxx–Triton pretreatment resulted in complete removal of the RT‐qPCR signal from inactivated HAV. Likewise, this study demonstrates that this pretreatment is suitable for the discrimination of inactivated HAV in shellfish without further …
Role of MUC1 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: mechanistic insights
2017
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and irreversible form of fibrotic interstitial lung disease. MUC1, a membrane-bound O-glycoprotein, is considered as oncogenic molecule by altering signaling pathways involved in cellular processes related to IPF. In previous studies we have observed an up-regulation of MUC1 and its phosphorylated forms in IPF lung tissue. However the exact participation of MUC1 in IPF is currently unknown. Objective: To analyze the mechanism of MUC1-induced lung fibrosis in different cellular and animal models of IPF. Methods: The intracellular mechanism of MUC1 was evaluated by western blot, immunoprecipation and immunofluorescence …
The Hippo Show Must Go On: YAP Activation as a Therapeutic Strategy in Colorectal Cancer
2020
The role of Hippo pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression has been controversial. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Cheung et al. (2020) shed new light on a distinct function of the transcriptional co-activator YAP as a tumor suppressor and Wnt pathway inhibitor in CRC.
The sharedneoantigen landscape of MSI cancers reflects immunoediting during tumor evolution
2019
AbstractThe immune system can recognize and attack cancer cells, especially those with a high load of mutation-inducedneoantigens. Suchneoantigens are particularly abundant in DNA mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient, microsatellite-unstable (MSI) cancers. MMR deficiency leads to insertion/deletion (indel) mutations at coding microsatellites (cMS) and toneoantigen-inducing translational frameshifts. The abundance of mutationalneoantigens renders MSI cancers sensitive to immune checkpoint blockade. However, the neoantigen landscape of MMR-deficient cancers has not yet been systematically mapped. In the present study, we used a novel tool to monitorneoantigen-inducing indel mutations in MSI colore…
Influence of sugar and fat contents on preference for cream cheese: A preliminary study
1993
Abstract In order to assess the importance of fat and sugar in acceptability of semi-solid French cream cheese, 30 subjects gave a hedonic judgement, after consumption, for three formulations (150 g) varying in fat content which they were required to sweeten and for nine small previously sweetened samples (30 g). Subjects participated in five laboratory meals, cream cheese being the third part of a meal. After this period, the subjects filled out a questionnaire measuring attitudes, beliefs and intention of behaviour with regard to consumption of cream cheese. Sugar level had no significant effect on the hedonic judgement. However, the subjects added less sugar in the high fat cream cheese …
Facilitators and inhibitors of organic food buying behavior
2021
Abstract Consumption patterns across the globe indicate consumers’ rising interest in purchasing organic food due to increasing personal-health consciousness. However, research on organic food shows a low translation of this interest into stated preferences for purchasing organic food. Limited academic research has explored this puzzling buying behavior of consumers, particularly in developed economies such as Japan. Our study addresses this gap by examining the factors that facilitate or inhibit Japanese consumers’ buying behavior toward organic food. We use the Stimulus-Organism-Response framework, Innovation Resistance Theory, and Dual-Factor Theory to examine these factors by analyzing …