Search results for "digestive"

showing 10 items of 2631 documents

Effect of lactose, lactulose and bisacodyl on gastrointestinal transit studied by metal detector.

2007

SUMMARY Aim and methods: To study the effect of 45 g lactose, 30 g lactulose and 10 mg bisacodyl on gastrointestinal transit in 30 healthy volunteers by metal detector and Hinton marker method. The first set of measurements were performed under standard conditions. In a second stage, transit was slowed to twice the original value by loperamide to simulate constipation conditions. Results: Bisacodyl drastically accelerated small and large intestinal transit. Colonic transit was shortened to 23 % and to 31% of control values, without and with loperamide. Bisacodyl increased stool weight and decreased stool consistency in all persons. Lactulose marginally shortened small intestinal transit (P=…

AdultBisacodylMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLoperamideConstipationColonmedicine.medical_treatmentLaxativeLactoseGastroenterologyLoperamideLactulosechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineIntestine SmallmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Intestine LargeBisacodylLactoseDefecationGastrointestinal TransitHepatologyGastrointestinal transitdigestive oral and skin physiologyGastroenterologyLarge intestinalLactuloseMicrosphereschemistryGastric EmptyingFemalemedicine.symptommedicine.drugAlimentary pharmacologytherapeutics
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Comparison of glycemic response and insulin requirements after mixed meals of equal carbohydrate content in healthy, type-1, and type-2 diabetic man

1989

The postprandial insulin requirements after three mixed meals of equal carbohydrate and energy content were assessed in 10 type-1 and 12 type-2 diabetics by a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. These were compared with the glycemic response to the same meals of 10 healthy individuals (glycemic index). In type-1 diabetics, we found the highest insulin requirements after consumption of a continental breakfast (low fibre, low protein, high fat). Ten percent less insulin was infused after milk (low fat, high protein) and 30% less after an English breakfast (high fibre, high protein). Type-2 diabetics showed no significant differences in insulin requirements between the three test meals…

AdultBlood GlucoseDietary FiberMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCarbohydrate contentLow proteinmedicine.medical_treatmentDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineDiet DiabeticDrug DiscoveryDietary CarbohydratesmedicineHumansInsulinGenetics (clinical)Glycemicbusiness.industryInsulindigestive oral and skin physiologyGeneral MedicineCarbohydratemedicine.diseaseDietary FatsDiabetes Mellitus Type 1Glycemic indexEndocrinologyPostprandialDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Molecular MedicineFemaleDietary ProteinsbusinessKlinische Wochenschrift
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Lack of plasmic beta-endorphin response to a gastronomic meal in healthy humans.

1991

Abstract In order to study the relationship between the endogenous opiate system and food intake in man, plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin were measured in ten healthy subjects. Time course of beta-endorphinemia was compared under the following conditions: basal (fasting), after an injection of pentagastrin (6 μg/kg), or after a gastronomic meal. No changes in plasma beta-endorphin or ACTH concentrations were observed with pentagastrin nor after the meal, despite the combination of very high sensory pleasure with intake of a very large amount of food. It is concluded that blood beta-endorphin concentration is not a sensitive index of the effects of food intake on the endogenous opioid…

AdultBlood GlucoseMaleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyHungerAppetiteExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyPeptide hormoneBehavioral Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundEatingInternal medicinemedicineHumansPalatabilityEndogenous opioidMealbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiologybeta-EndorphinPentagastrinAffectEndocrinologychemistryBasal (medicine)TasteReceptors Opioidbeta-EndorphinOpiatebusinessArousalEnergy Intakehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugPhysiologybehavior
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Differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin lispro and aspart in healthy volunteers.

2003

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of the rapid-acting insulin analogues lispro and aspart were compared in a randomized, double-blind crossover study of 20 fasting healthy men following a single subcutaneous injection. Either insulin lispro or aspart, 0.05 U/kg-body-weight, was injected subcutaneously and followed by determination of 5-h profiles of plasma glucose, serum C-peptide and insulin concentrations. Lowest glucose concentrations were observed after 50 min in the aspart group (3.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/l versus lispro 3.5 +/- 0.1 mmol/l; p = 0.026) and after 60 min in the lispro group (3.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/l). For blood glucose t min was 59.3 +/- 3.4 min in the aspart and 63.5 +/- 5.3…

AdultBlood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentRadioimmunoassayInsulin aspartSubcutaneous injectionEndocrinologyPharmacokineticsDouble-Blind MethodDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineInsulin lisproHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin AspartCross-Over StudiesInsulin LisproC-Peptidebusiness.industryInsulindigestive oral and skin physiologynutritional and metabolic diseasesGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCrossover studyEndocrinologyPharmacodynamicsbusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugExperimental and clinical endocrinologydiabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association
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The effects of equal caloric amounts of xylitol, sucrose and starch on insulin requirements and blood glucose levels in insulin-dependent diabetics

1981

Xylitol has been suggested as a potentially useful sweetener in the diabetic diet. In 14 insulin-dependent diabetics a standard diabetic diet regimen was compared with diets in which starch was isocalorically exchanged in the breakfast meal by either 30 g xylitol or 30 g sucrose. Insulin requirement and blood glucose were measured using a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. The results following breakfast with xylitol were similar to those after starch breakfasts. Sucrose, in contrast, induced a greater post-prandial rise in blood glucose levels despite counter-regulation by the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. Insulin requirement after sucrose significantly exceeded (p l…

AdultBlood GlucoseSucroseSucroseStarchEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentXylitolArtificial pancreaschemistry.chemical_compoundDiabetes mellitusDietary CarbohydratesInternal MedicinemedicineHumansInsulinFood scienceXylitolMealC-PeptideChemistryInsulindigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesStarchmedicine.diseasecarbohydrates (lipids)Diabetes Mellitus Type 1Diabetic dietEnergy IntakeDiabetologia
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Evaluation of osteoblastic activity in extraction sockets treated with platelet-rich fibrin

2014

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) improved the healing of extraction sockets. Study Design: A total of 20 patients with bilateral soft tissue impacted mandibular third molars were included in this study. The left and right third molars were extracted during the same session. Subsequently, the PRF membrane was randomly administered to one of the extraction sockets, whereas the contra lateral sockets were left without treatment. On postoperative 30. and 90. days, panoramic images and bone scintigrams were taken to evaluate the bone healing between PRF-treated and non-PRF-treated sockets. Also, periodontal evaluation was performed i…

AdultBlood PlateletsMaleMolarDentistryOdontologíaBone healingScintigraphyFibrinYoung AdultHumansMedicineTooth SocketGeneral DentistryDental alveolusFibrinWound HealingOsteoblastsbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryResearchTooth ImpactedSoft tissue:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludPlatelet-rich fibrindigestive system diseasesOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASbiology.proteinFemaleSurgeryOral SurgerybusinessWound healing
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Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A New Concept for Cell-Based Tissue Engineering by Means of Inflammatory Cells

2014

Choukroun's platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is obtained from blood without adding anticoagulants. In this study, protocols for standard platelet-rich fibrin (S-PRF) (2700 rpm, 12 minutes) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) (1500 rpm, 14 minutes) were compared to establish by histological cell detection and histomorphometrical measurement of cell distribution the effects of the centrifugal force (speed and time) on the distribution of cells relevant for wound healing and tissue regeneration. Immunohistochemistry for monocytes, T and B -lymphocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, CD34-positive stem cells, and platelets was performed on clots produced from four different human donors. Platelets …

AdultBlood PlateletsPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyBone RegenerationErythrocytesTime FactorsAdolescentNeutrophilsT-LymphocytesAntigens CD34CentrifugationInflammationCell SeparationMonocytesFibrinYoung AdultTissue engineeringmedicineHumansRegenerationPlateletB-LymphocytesFibrinTissue Engineeringbiologybusiness.industryMacrophagesStem CellsCell DifferentiationMiddle AgedImmunohistochemistrydigestive system diseasesPlatelet-rich fibrinBlood Buffy Coatbiology.proteinOral Surgerymedicine.symptombusinessCell basedJournal of Oral Implantology
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Epoetin alfa improves anemia and anemia-related, patient-reported outcomes in patients with breast cancer receiving myelotoxic chemotherapy: results …

2010

This study evaluated the effects of epoetin alfa on patient-reported outcomes in patients with breast cancer receiving myelotoxic chemotherapy. Early intervention with epoetin alfa was well tolerated and improved anemia-related patient-reported outcomes.

AdultCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtySurvivalAnemiaPopulationAntineoplastic AgentsBreast NeoplasmsAcademia–Pharma Intersectlaw.inventionbreast cancer; anemia; erythropoietin; hemoglobin; survival; fatigueHemoglobinsBreast cancerRandomized controlled trialstomatognathic systemlawInternal medicinehemic and lymphatic diseasesBreast CancermedicineClinical endpointHumansBlood TransfusionHemoglobinProspective StudieseducationSurvival rateErythropoietinFatigueAgededucation.field_of_studybusiness.industryEpoetin alfavirus diseasesAnemiaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesRecombinant ProteinsSurgeryEpoetin AlfaOncologyErythropoietinHematinicsFemalebusinesstherapeuticsmedicine.drug
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Pregnancy in primary sclerosing cholangitis

2011

Background There is a paucity of data on fertility or pregnancy in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Objective To assess fertility in PSC by comparing the number of children in a large cohort of PSC patients to healthy controls and to investigate the outcome of pregnancy, as well as the influence of pregnancy on the disease course. Design Case series. Setting Germany. Participants 229 PSC patients and 569 healthy controls were evaluated for the number of children. 17 patients with PSC and at least one pregnancy, or who received a diagnosis of PSC within 6 months after delivery, were included in the more detailed analysis. Main outcome measures Number of children per patien…

AdultCholagogues and Cholereticsmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectCholangitis SclerosingFertilityAutoimmune hepatitisPrimary sclerosing cholangitisYoung AdultPregnancyRisk FactorsGermanyAzathioprinemedicineHumansYoung adultmedia_commonPregnancyFetusObstetricsbusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Ursodeoxycholic Aciddigestive oral and skin physiologyInfant NewbornPregnancy OutcomeGastroenterologymedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesPregnancy ComplicationsImmunologyGestationFemalebusinessImmunosuppressive AgentsFollow-Up StudiesGut
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Immunohistochemical expression of p21 in normal tissues of salivary gland, pleomorphic adenoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (undifferentiated…

2009

Objective: Our study aimed to characterize alteration in the immunohistochemical expression of p21 in normal tissue of the salivary gland surrounding pleomorphic adenoma, the tumor cells of pleomorphic adenomas, and carcinoma arising in pleomorphic adenoma. Study design: A selected series of 29 cases of pleomorphic adenomas, and 27 cases of carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (undifferentiated and adenocarcinoma types) were examined. Results: The results showed that p21 expression was negative in the most components of normal tissue of the salivary gland surrounding pleomorphic adenoma, 24 cases out of 29 of the non tumour duct cells (82.8%), and 28 (96.6%) cases out of 29 of the acinar cells …

AdultCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21MalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyAdenomaAdenoma PleomorphicAdenocarcinomaSalivary GlandsPleomorphic adenomaYoung AdultmedicineCarcinomaHumansGeneral DentistryAgedAged 80 and overSalivary glandbusiness.industrySalivary Gland Pleomorphic AdenomaMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseaseSalivary Gland NeoplasmsImmunohistochemistrydigestive system diseasesCarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomamedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASAdenocarcinomaImmunohistochemistrySurgeryFemalebusiness
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