Search results for "disability"
showing 10 items of 989 documents
Deciphering Multiple Sclerosis Progression
2021
Esclerosi múltiple; Neurodegeneració Esclerosis múltiple; Neurodegeneración Multiple sclerosis; Nneurodegeneration Multiple sclerosis (MS) is primarily an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous system, triggered by unknown environmental factors in patients with predisposing genetic risk profiles. The prevention of neurological disability is one of the essential goals to be achieved in a patient with MS. However, the pathogenic mechanisms driving the progressive phase of the disease remain unknown. It was described that the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with disease progression are present from disease onset. In daily practice, there is a lack of clinical, ra…
Preservation of neuronal function as measured by clinical and MRI endpoints in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: how effective are current trea…
2018
Approved medications for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis have shown to be effective in terms of their anti-inflammatory potential. However, it is also crucial to evaluate what long-term effects a patient can expect from current MS drugs in terms of preventing neurodegeneration. Here we aim to provide an overview of the current treatment strategies in MS with a specific focus on potential neuroprotective effects. Areas covered: Randomized, double-blind and placebo or referral-drug controlled phase 2a/b and phase 3 trials were examined; non-blinded phase 4 studies (extension studies) were included to provide long-term data, if not otherwise available. Endpoints considered were expanded…
Expression of clec9a in the oral cancer microenvironment. A preliminary immunohistochemical pilot study
2021
Background The search for treatments to improve cancer survival has led to the emergence of immunotherapy and the study of the tumour microenvironment existing in neoplasms. This preliminary study aims to understand the clinical and pathological relationship of clec9a expression in oral cancer and to explore survival models for future studies. Material and methods: Immunohistochemical study that included 26 patients with a diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in mobile tongue and floor of the mouth. Clinical and histopathological variables were recorded, and the biomarkers clec9a for dendritic cells and CD8 and CD4 for lymphocytes were used. Results Clec9a was expressed in 58% o…
Care research and disability studies: Nothing in common?
2009
Disability researchers have voiced the criticism that the concept of care, together with research based on it, consists of the view that disabled people are dependent non-autonomous second-class citizens. The perspectives of disability studies and care research certainly are different from each other. Disability studies analyse the oppression and exclusion of disabled people and emphasize that disabled people need human rights and control over their own lives. Care research focuses rather on care relationships, informal and formal care, care-giving work and `an ethics of care'. Nevertheless, it is suggested here that the two perspectives are not mutually exclusive and that the two groups co…
Oral health-related quality of life after dental treatment in patients with intellectual disability
2020
Background The influence of dental treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) has rarely been evaluated in patients with intellectual disability (ID) through validated questionnaires. The aim of this study was to estimate the changes on OHRQOL in patients with ID after the implementation of an institutional dental treatment program under general anesthesia using the Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (FHCOHRQOL-Q). Material and Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 85 patients (mean age=24.85 years) classified according to DSM-V whose parents/caregivers completed the FHC-OHRQOL-Q. We analyzed the changes in t…
¿Hay diferencias entre las actitudes hacia la conducta sexual que tienen las personas con discapacidad intelectual y las de los profesionales que tra…
2020
Las actitudes hacia la sexualidad constituyen uno de los elementos cognitivo-emocionales más determinantes del funcionamiento sexual. En este sentido, la sexualidad de las personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) está fuertemente influenciada por diversos mitos, estereotipos y prejuicios que repercuten en la perpetuación de ciertas actitudes negativas que limitan sus vivencias sexuales. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las actitudes hacia la conducta sexual de las personas con discapacidad intelectual que poseen las propias personas que integran este colectivo y los profesionales que trabajan con ellos. Para ello, se utiliza la Escala de percepción sexual para personas con discapac…
Foucault and deaf education in Finland
2016
The influence of Michel Foucault’s thinking in critical disability studies, and to social studies of deafness, can hardly be doubted. Foucault has offered valuable tools for the critical rethinking of deaf education and pedagogy with respect to normalization and disciplinary power, which are integrally related to the historical construction of deafness as deficiency and pathology by modern, medical, and psychological knowledge. This article explores the applicability and critical potential of the Foucauldian concepts of disciplinary power, surveillance, and normalization within the specific context of the history of deaf education in Finland. The article focuses on the modernization of the …
Coping with Burnout Symptoms through Task Significance in Professionals Working with Individuals with Intellectual Disability
2021
ABSTRACT This study examined an intervention that links task significance (one’s job has a positive impact on other people) to burnout symptoms of professionals working in organizations for individuals with intellectual disability. Professionals assigned to the experimental condition participated in teams designed to enhance the positive impact of their work on others (task significance). To do so, teams focused on a task to improve the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disability. Professionals assigned to the control condition did not participate in these teams, and they continued with their usual work. All the participating professionals answered a questionnaire abou…
Survey feedback improves service quality perceptions among employees of an NGO: an organizational-level positive intervention
2017
ABSTRACTThe goal of this research study is to examine whether employees’ service quality perceptions improve after they participate in survey-feedback sessions. We tested an organizational-level positive intervention with the participation of 49 small organizations pertaining to an NGO for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Data were collected from employees (n = 430) and family members (n = 625), then informing employees about service quality perceptions. We hypothesized that, compared to family members, employees would underestimate the service quality they deliver, and that survey-feedback sessions would help to improve employees’ perceptions. We conducted a randomized controlle…
Barriers to Parental Empowerment in the Context of Multidisciplinary Collaboration on Behalf of Preschool Children with Disabilities
2018
The purpose of this study was to explore the role of parents in multidisciplinary collaboration on behalf of their preschool-aged children with disabilities from the theoretical perspective of empowerment. The study employed a multiple-case study design, including twenty-six individual and two focus group interviews with parents and professionals supporting six children and their families. Three interconnected themes emerged from the analysis. First, parents struggled with navigating a system that was perceived as rigid and cumbersome. Second, parents often found themselves in the position of having to ‘police’ the professionals involved in supporting them. Third, parents expressed a desire…