Search results for "disability"
showing 10 items of 989 documents
The role of music therapy in the treatment of people with intellectual disabilities suffering from mental health issues
2016
Mental health issues are more common among people with intellectual disabilities than among others. Therefore, more research is needed on this topic. The main concepts of the present study – intellectual disability, mental disorders, and music therapy – are defined. The aim of this qualitative semi-structured interview study was to discover how the mental health issues of people with intellectual disabilities affect their daily life. Furthermore, the objective was to find out, whether the mental health issues persons with intellectual disabilities suffer from could be eased by using music therapy, and what music therapy methods are used when treating this group of clients. Music therapists …
A Scale of Knowledge and Beliefs about Developmental Dyslexia: Scale Development and Validation
2014
Abstract The purpose of this study was to create and validate a scale measuring knowledge and beliefs regarding developmental dyslexia. A four-step procedure was followed to achieve this objective. A literature review generated a preliminary pool of 65 items. A group of 12 university teachers of learning disabilities read the items for content and face validity and offered comments. Based on their comments, some items were combined, and confusing items were changed or eliminated, which left a scale of 50 items, with the response options of true (V), false (F) or dont know (NS). Later, each participant, using a description of the scales, placed each item into one of the three subscales. An i…
Executive function and life-space mobility in old age
2018
Life-space assessment incorporates all movements in terms of the distance from home, the frequency of movement and the need of assistance for movement. Executive function (EF) is an important higher order cognitive ability that controls and guides people’s goal-directed actions. We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between EF and life-space mobility, and investigated if perceived walking difficulties, lower extremity performance, and transportation difficulties explain the association. Methods 157 community-dwelling persons aged 76–91 years participated in the study at the baseline, and 103 of them in 2-year follow-up study. Based on the distribution on the Trail Ma…
Kompetencje pracownika socjalnego w zakresie wsparcia osób z niepełnosprawnością i ich rodzin
2014
W czasach nieustannie zmieniającej się współczesnej rzeczywistości społeczno-gospodarczej wiele osób boryka się z różnorodnymi problemami życiowymi, a w szczególnie trudnej sytuacji znajdują się osoby z niepełnosprawnością oraz ich rodziny. W artykule ukazane zostały zarówno problemy życiowe osób z niepełnosprawnością i ich rodzin, jak też szczegółowo omówione kompetencje pracownika socjalnego w zakresie pomocy i wsparcia w przezwyciężaniu tych problemów i podwyższaniu poziomu jakości życia osób niepełnosprawnych.
Samodzielność i kompetencje jako uwarunkowania niezależności życiowej osób z niepełnosprawnością - wybranie obszary szans i zagrożeń
2018
Autorka omawia wybrane obszary szans i zagrożeń w kształtowaniu niezależności życiowej osób z niepełnosprawnością. Czynnikami warunkującymi niezależność życiową tych osób są m.in. ich mocne strony - potencjał zachowany pomimo zaburzeń, np. umiejętności czy samodzielność. Brak samodzielności lub dodatkowe zaburzenia stanowią słabe strony i utrudniają niezależne funkcjonowanie w życiu.Jednak życiowa niezależność jest zdeterminowana również uwarunkowaniami zewnętrznymi, które można rozpatrywać jako szanse lub zagrożenia. Do nich z kolei zalicza się m.in. wychowanie rodzinne, edukację, postawy społeczne czywspierające działania państwa. Do szczegółowej prezentacji zagadnienia autorka wykorzystu…
Physical activity as a predictor of disability and social and health service use in older people
2009
The purpose of the study was to investigate whether functional status and physical activity history predict all-cause hospital and long-term care use among older community-dwelling people. In addition, the effects of physical activity counseling on instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability and home care service use in an older sedentary population were studied.Data from three larger studies were used. The Evergreen project cohorts born in 1910 and 1914 consisted of 617 persons. From the Evergreen project interview data on individuals born in 1908-1923, a decedent population was investigated (n=846). Screening and Counseling for Physical Activity and Mobility among Older Peop…
The UNCRPD and Sign Language Peoples
2014
[Introduction] On 13 December 2006, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) and its associated Optional Protocol, the first human rights treaty to be adopted in the 21st century. The UNCRPD opened for signature on 30 March 2007 and entered into force on 3 May 2008. The Convention has over 150 signatories and more than 140 State Parties have ratified it. The UNCRPD is a group-‐specific treaty in that it caters to a specific group of people: persons with disabilities1, a group of about 1 billion people worldwide (WHO 2011), often referred to as the world’s largest minority. Deaf people are included in the Conventio…
The Positive Spiral Between Problem-Solving Management and Trust: A Study in Organizations for Individuals With Intellectual Disability
2021
To achieve their goals, organizations for individuals with intellectual disability have to stimulate high-quality relationships between professionals and family members. Therefore, achieving professionals’ trust in family members has become a challenge. One relevant factor in explaining professional’s trust in families is the degree to which family members use the “problem-solving” conflict management strategy (high concern for oneself but also for the other party) in their disputes–disagreements with professionals. It is reasonable to argue that when family members use problem-solving conflict management, professionals’ trust increases. Professionals’ trust, in turn, stimulates the use of …
Sosiaalisen solidaarisuuden käänne vammaisten lasten tutkimuksessa
2019
Artikkelissa luomme katsauksen vammaisten lasten tutkimuksessa tapahtuneisiin tutkimusparadigman muutoksiin. Pohdimme, millaiset vammaisuuteen liittyvät käsitykset ja määritelmät vaikuttavat siihen, miten tutkimme ”vammaista lasta”. Tarkastelemme muutoksia vammaisuuden määrittelyssä ja määrittelyjen vaikutuksia käytäntöihin erityisesti koulutuksellisen inkluusion kontekstissa. Määritelmät ja tutkimusorientaatiot ovat muuttuneet vammaisten yhteiskunnallisen aseman muutoksien myötä. 1980-luvulta lähtien haavoittuvuuden sijaan tutkimuksessa on kiinnitetty huomiota lasten oikeuksiin ja heidän toimijuutensa. Samalla yksilön oikeuksia korostavia, uusliberalistisia diskursseja on myös kritisoitu …