Search results for "divergent"
showing 10 items of 43 documents
Integrative thinking is the key: An evaluation of current research into the development of adult thinking
2011
Post-formal relativistic-dialectical thinking has been widely claimed to be a new developmental stage of intellectual development. Other theoretical models come very close to post-formal thinking, with overlapping features such as the study of wisdom and epistemic understanding, as well as models of expertise, critical thinking, and scepticism. No coherent theory exists in the fields of post-formal and relativistic-dialectical thinking, though scholars have claimed that there is some similarity between the models. While empirical evidence of interconnectedness between them exists, a major difficulty lies in the theoretical definition of concepts. We critically assess the definitions of rel…
Is Age Just a Number? Cognitive Reserve as a Predictor of Divergent Thinking in Late Adulthood
2016
The purpose of the study was to test a model of causal relationships among cognitive reserve (CR), personality variables such as Neuroticism and Openness to experience, and divergent thinking (DT), independently evaluating performance in different domains (verbal and graphic). It was hypothesized that CR, Openness, and Neuroticism would each directly influence verbal and graphic DT. A total of 135 subjects between 55 and 84 years old participated in the study and were interviewed in individual sessions. For a correct fit Neuroticism was eliminated from the measurement model. The goodness-of-fit indexes of the measurement model, the adequate composite reliability index and the discriminant v…
The two-factor structure of cognitive flexibility : tempo of switching and overcoming of prepotent responses
2023
Prezentowane badanie miało na celu odkrycie struktury procesów latentnych leżących u podstaw wykonania kilku zadań, które hipotetycznie mierzą spontaniczną i adaptacyjną giętkość poznawczą, dostarczając dowodów na ich trafność zbieżną. Grupa zdrowych ochotników (N = 121) ukończyła dwa zestawy zadań do oceny spontanicznej i adaptacyjnej giętkości poznawczej. Spontaniczna giętkość poznawcza obejmowała test myślenia dywergencyjnego (do oceny płynności i giętkości myślenia) oraz werbalny test płynności. Miary giętkości adaptacyjnej obejmowały test przełączania się między zadaniami jako miarę kosztów przełączania oraz test przerzucania uwagi jako miarę wyuczonej nieistotności i perseweracji. Nat…
Overland flow generation on hillslopes of complex topography: analytical Solutions
2007
The analytical solution of the overland flow equations developed by Agnese et al. (2001; Hydrological Processes15: 3225–3238) for rectangular straight hillslopes was extended to convergent and divergent surfaces and to concave and convex profiles. Towards this aim, the conical convergent and divergent surfaces are approximated by a trapezoidal shape, and the overland flow is assumed to be always one-dimensional. A simple ‘shape factor’ accounting for both planform geometry and profile shape was introduced: for each planform geometry, a brachistochrone profile was obtained by minimizing a functional containing a slope function of the profile. Minima shape factors are associated with brachist…
Divergent Thinking in Older Adults : Understanding its Role in Well-being
2021
The purpose of the study was to explore the nature of the relationship between Divergent Thinking and Well-being. Two theoretical models about the relationship between Divergent thinking, Psychological well-being and Life Satisfaction were tested. A total of 152 subjects between 65 and 84 years old participated in the study. Final model emphasises the idea that PWB is affected by DT and that PWB is also significantly related to LS. The model also highlights the importance of four dimensions of well-being: environmental mastery, life purpose, personal growth and self-acceptance. The goodness-of-fit indexes confirmed the existence of a significant relationship between DT and well-being, and b…
Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Brain Networks Related to Creative Thinking
2020
AbstractHuman creative thinking is unique and capable of generating novel and valuable ideas. Recent research has clarified the contribution of different brain networks (default mode network, DN; executive control network; salience network) to creative thinking. However, the effects of brain stimulation on brain networks during creative thinking and on creative performance have not been clarified. The present study was designed to examine the changes in functional connectivity (FC) and effective connectivity (EC) of the large-scale brain network, and the ensuing changes in creative performance, induced by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Fourteen healthy male students underwe…
Dystopian fiction in English: a corpus-driven analysis of esteem in Veronica Roth’s "Divergent" trilogy
2020
In light of the recent wave of popularity of dystopian fiction for young adults, and in particular of Veronica Roth’s trilogy Divergent, research has begun to focus on this subgenre. However, the focus tends to be on educational and gender approaches to the novels, while the psychological aspects of the characters have been largely ignored. My study focuses on the representation of esteem and self-esteem in the trilogy through an analysis based on annotation. The results shed light on the factors that affect the protagonist’s role and self-representation.
Why do we enjoy creative tasks? Results from a multigroup randomized controlled study
2016
Previous studies have linked positive emotions with creativity, but it remains unknown why creative activities may enhance positive emotions. We tested how creative tasks influence autonomous self-expression and task absorption, and whether this in turn increases positive emotions. Data from 478 participants were divided into four language samples (English, German, Italian, and Polish) and analyzed in a series of multigroup structural equation models. The indirect effects were replicated in all samples. Creative tasks enhanced positive emotions through an increase in autonomy. However, participants who solved creative tasks also reported lower task absorption, and this has hindered their ex…
Evaluation of a creativity intervention program for preschoolers
2013
Abstract Creative practices during the preschool years of childhood appear to positively influence subsequent development. Taking a comprehensive approach, an intervention program was undertaken to develop creativity, taking into consideration the end result of the creative process as well as the process itself, and working with divergent as well as convergent thinking abilities. A quasi-experimental design was applied, taking pre and post-intervention measures in a group of 44 children ranging in age from 60 to 71 months-old. Experimental and control groups were assessed using the Test de Creatividad Infantil (Child Creativity Test) and the cognitive subtest of the Battelle Developmental I…
The high five: Associations of the five positive factors with the big five and well-being
2017
The study of individual differences in positive characteristics has mainly focused on moral traits. The objectives of this research were to study individual differences in positive characteristics from the point of view of the layperson, including non-moral individual characteristics, and to generate a replicable model of positive factors. Three studies based on a lexical approach were conducted. The first study generated a corpus of words which resulted in a refined list of socially shared positive characteristics. The second study produced a five-factor model of positive characteristics: erudition, peace, cheerfulness, honesty, and tenacity. The third study confirmed the model with a diff…