Search results for "diversity"

Calendula maritima

2017

Tree invasions in Italian forests

2022

Many forest tree species have been moved outside their native range to provide goods and services elsewhere, but some of them have become invasive, causing negative impacts on biodiversity and human activities. The assessment and knowledge on the degree and scale to which forest ecosystems are invaded by non-native trees is of paramount importance for tailored policies and strategies aiming at forest conservation. By analyzing main databases and literature and applying a four-level scale of invasion (not currently invaded and with low invasibility; potentially invasible; moderately invaded; massively invaded), we assessed the current and potential occurrence of twenty-five invasive non-nati…

Bioetyki kulturowe w Ameryce Łacińskiej

2017

W artykule została przedstawiona charakterystyka bioetyki łacińskiej, jej korzenie i geneza, rozwój w poszczególnych, wybranych krajach, a także typowa problematyka. Bioetyka łacińska u swych początków jako dyscyplina akademicka czerpała głównie ze Stanów Zjednoczonych. Niewspółmierność problematyki paradygmatów bioetyki zachodniej do realiów krajów łacińskich doprowadziła do przewartościowania i prób wypracowania własnej, swoistej, bardziej adekwatnej bioetyki kulturowej.

Traits and phylogenies modulate the environmental responses of wood-inhabiting fungal communities across spatial scales

2022

Identifying the spatial scales at which community assembly processes operate is fundamental for gaining a mechanistic understanding of the drivers shaping ecological communities. In this study, we examined whether and how traits and phylogenetic relationships structure fungal community assembly across spatial scales. We applied joint species distribution modelling to a European-scale dataset on 215 wood-inhabiting fungal species, which includes data on traits, phylogeny and environmental variables measured at the local (log-level) and regional (site-level) scales. At the local scale, wood-inhabiting fungal communities were mostly structured by deadwood decay stage, and the trait and phyloge…

Pole-to-Pole Connections : Similarities between Arctic and Antarctic Microbiomes and Their Vulnerability to Environmental Change

2017

The global biogeography of microorganisms remains poorly resolved, which limits the current understanding of microbial resilience toward environmental changes. Using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we characterized the microbial diversity of terrestrial and lacustrine biofilms from the Arctic, Antarctic and temperate regions. Our analyses suggest that bacterial community compositions at the poles are more similar to each other than they are to geographically closer temperate habitats, with 32% of all operational taxonomic units (OTUs) co-occurring in both polar regions. While specific microbial taxa were confined to distinct regions, representing potentially endemic popul…

Mìkrobnij biom rìznih gruntìv j gruntovo-klìmatičnih zon Poltavsʹkoï oblastì

2014

Researches of microbiological diversity of soil on natural grassland and farmland in conditions of soil- climatic zones of Poltava oblast were conducted. General microbiological activities of soil (intensity of linen decomposition, %), numerosity of the main ecological-trophic groups of soil microorganisms, numerosity of fungi were detected. Coefficients of mineralization-mobilization, pedotroficity, oligotrophicity were calculated in accordance with correlation of the main ecological-trophic groups of soil microorganisms. Results of soil microbiological monitoring are analyzed and generalized. Was determined that soil of natural ecosystem (natural grassland and virgin land) has highest int…

Fungal root endophyte associations of plants endemic to the Pamir Alay Mountains of Central Asia.

2011

The fungal root endophyte associations of 16 species from 12 families of plants endemic to the Pamir Alay Mountains of Central Asia are presented. The plants and soil samples were collected in Zeravshan and Hissar ranges within the central Pamir Alay mountain system. Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was found in 15 plant species; in 8 species it was of the Arum type and in 4 of the Paris type, while 3 taxa revealed intermediate arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) morphology. AMF colonization was found to be absent only in Matthiola integrifolia, the representative of the Brassicaceae family. The AM status and morphology are reported for the first time for all the species analyzed a…

Bird assemblages in isolated Ficus trees in Kenyan farmland

2006

Over the last few decades a rapid and extensive conversion of tropical forests to agricultural land has taken place resulting in mosaics of fragmented forest patches, pastures and farmland. While the effects of forest fragmentation on biodiversity have been intensively studied within the remaining forests, relatively little is known about the biodiversity in tropical farmland (Daily et al. 2001, Pimentel et al. 1992). Frugivorous birds are an important group of species in tropical farmland ecosystems. Frugivorous birds are significant seed dispersers and can play a prominent role in transporting seeds into disturbed areas and setting the stage for the regeneration of these systems. Isolated…

Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G.O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopol…

2010

Examination of all species previously referred to the genus Hermadion revealed that the type species, H. magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, is the only valid species in the genus. H. magalhaensi is redescribed and its synonymy with Hermadion longicirratus Kinberg, 1856, Hermadion kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885, and Lagisca laevis Hartmann-Schroder, 1962, is discussed. The generic attribution of 12 species that had already been moved from Hermadion to other genera by earlier authors is confirmed. Following our re-examination four species are moved to other genera: Harmothoe ornatus (Hartman, 1967) n. comb., Harmothoe africanus (Hartman, 1974) n. comb., Adyte hyalina (G.O. Sars, 1873) n. comb., and Neop…

Typification of seven names in the genus Antirrhinum (tribe Antirrhineae, Plantaginaceae)

2021

The typification of seven names in the genus Antirrhinum (tribe Antirrhineae, Plantaginaceae): A. charidemi, A. latifolium, A. molle var. mollissimum, A. molle var. marianum, A. sempervirens, A. siculum, and A. valentinum is discussed. The designation of the nomenclatural types is based on the consultation of original material and the literature cited in the respective protologues. The names are lectotypified using specimens from BC, C, MA, and an illustration of Boccone published in 1697. An epitype is also designated for A. latifolium due to ambiguity in the interpretation of the lectotype. The name A. siculum is neotypified from a specimen preserved at VAL, and a second-step lectotypific…