Search results for "domain"
showing 10 items of 2485 documents
Sub-nanosecond resolution x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscopy of magnetization processes in a permalloy ring
2005
Fast magnetization processes in a microstructured permalloy ring with 80 µm o.d. and 30 nm thickness have been observed by photoemission electron microscopy exploiting x-ray magnetic circular dichroism as the magnetic contrast mechanism. As a high speed probe we employed synchrotron radiation pulses at the ESRF (Grenoble) operated in 16-bunch mode, yielding photon pulses of 105 ps FWHM with a period of 176 ns. Fast magnetic field pulses have been generated by means of current pulses through coplanar waveguides with the magnetic structure being lithographically prepared on their surface. A stroboscopic pump–probe set-up with a variable time delay between the field pulse and photon pulse allo…
Time-resolved X-ray photoemission electron microscopy: imaging magnetodynamics on the 100 ps scale and below
2005
Abstract We present recent results of time-resolved X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (TR-XPEEM) investigations on magnetic systems. Our studies of microstructured permalloy particles employ a magnetic pump XPEEM probe approach. The stroboscopic experiments feature a time resolution of Δ τ ≤ 130 ps and yield magnetic domain images with a surprising richness of details. We observe a strong influence of incoherent magnetization rotation processes, which lead to complicated transient domain structures with a blocked relaxation behavior.
Domain-wall induced large magnetoresistance effects at zero applied field in ballistic nanocontacts
2013
We determine magnetoresistance effects in stable and clean Permalloy nanocontacts of variable cross section, fabricated by UHV deposition and in situ electromigration. To ascertain the magnetoresistance (MR) effects originating from a magnetic domain wall, we measure the resistance values with and without such a wall at zero applied field. In the ballistic transport regime, the MR ratio reaches up to 50% and exhibits a previously unobserved sign change. Our results can be reproduced by recent atomistic calculations for different atomic configurations of the nanocontact, highlighting the importance of the detailed atomic arrangement for the MR effect. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.067203
Emergence of the stripe-domain phase in patterned permalloy films
2016
The occurrence of stripe domains in ferromagnetic Permalloy (Py=Fe$_{20}$Ni$_{80}$) is a well known phenomenon which has been extensively observed and characterized. This peculiar magnetic configuration appears only in films with a thickness above a critical value ($d_{cr}$), which is strongly determined by the sputtering conditions (i.e. deposition rate, temperature, magnetic field). So far, $d_{cr}$ has usually been presented as the boundary between the homogeneous (H) and stripe-domains (SD) regime, respectively below and above $d_{cr}$. In this work we study the transition from the H to the SD regime in thin films and microstructured bridges of Py with different thicknesses. We find the…
Scaling of intrinsic domain wall magneto-resistance with confinement in electromigrated nanocontacts
2018
In this work we study the evolution of intrinsic domain wall magnetoresistance (DWMR) with domain wall confinement. Clean permalloy notched half-ring nanocontacts are fabricated using a special ultra-high vacuum electromigration procedure to tailor the size of the wire in-situ and through the resulting domain wall confinement we tailor the domain wall width from a few tens of nm down to a few nm. Through measurements of the dependence of the resistance with respect to the applied field direction we extract the contribution of a single domain wall to the MR of the device, as a function of the domain wall width in the confining potential at the notch. In this size range, an intrinsic positive…
Staggered magnetic nanowire devices for effective domain-wall pinning in racetrack memory
2019
Domain-wall memory devices, in which the information is stored in nanowires, are expected to replace hard disk drives. A problem that remains to be solved in domain-wall memory is to pin the domain walls in a controllable manner at the nanometer scale using simple fabrication. We demonstrate the possibility to stabilize domain walls by making staggered nanowires. Controllable domain-wall movement is exhibited in permalloy nanowires using magnetic fields where the pinning field is about 10 mT. The pinning field and stability of the domain walls can be increased by adjusting the offset dimensions of the staggered nanowires. Domain-wall velocities of about 200 m/s are computed for the experime…
Self-Trapping of Magnetic Oscillation Modes in Landau Flux-Closure Structures
2005
We investigated the magnetodynamics in rectangular Permalloy platelets by means of time-resolved x-ray photoemission microscopy. 10 nm thick platelets of size 16 x 32 microm were excited by an oscillatory field along the short side of the sample with a fundamental frequency of 500 MHz and considerable contributions of higher harmonics. Under the influence of the oscillatory field, the Néel wall in the initial classical Landau pattern shifts away from the center, corresponding to an induced magnetic moment perpendicular to the exciting field. This phenomenon is explained by a self-trapping effect of the dominating spin-wave mode when the system is excited just below the resonance frequency. …
Quantitative measurements of magnetic stray field dynamics of Permalloy particles in a photoemission electron microscopy
2010
By example of a Permalloy particle (40 × 40 μm(2) size, 30 nm thickness) we demonstrate a procedure to quantitatively investigate the dynamics of magnetic stray fields during ultrafast magnetization reversal. The measurements have been performed in a time-resolving photoemission electron microscope using the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. In the particle under investigation, we have observed a flux-closure-dominated magnetic ground structure, minimizing the magnetic stray field outside the sample. A fast magnetic field pulse introduced changes in the micromagnetic structure accompanied with an incomplete flux closure. As a result, stray fields arise along the edges of domains, which cau…
Size dependence of magnetic domain patterns in exchange-biased Permalloy/NiO microstructures
2002
The magnetic domain structure in Permalloy (Ni81Fe19) micropatterns (10?100??m) on NiO has been investigated by means of soft x-ray photoemission electron microscopy. The exchange anisotropy between the Ni81Fe19 patterns and the NiO layer results in the formation of complex domain structures which markedly differ from the simple Landau?Lifshitz configurations. The domain structures reflect the competition between the exchange anisotropy and the dipole?dipole interaction in a weakly coupled system. The observed domain structures change with the feature size, as the domain patterns lose complexity in the smaller structures.
Influence of Axial Pressure on Electric Properties of PLuN and 0.6PLuN–0.4PSN Ceramics
2005
The dielectric, pyroelectric and hysteresis loops measurements of PLuN and 0.6PLuN–0.4PSN ceramics, stress-free or under the stress (0–1.5 kbar), have been carried out. It is shown that uniaxial pressure shifts the phase transformation and decreases the thermal hysteresis of the electric permittivity and the field-polarization hysteresis. These changes of properties could be connected with domain wall motion and with switching of the polarization under uniaxial pressure.