Search results for "dorsolateral prefrontal cortex"

showing 10 items of 60 documents

Localization of Brain Networks Engaged by the Sustained Attention to Response Task Provides Quantitative Markers of Executive Impairment in Amyotroph…

2020

Abstract Objective: To identify cortical regions engaged during the sustained attention to response task (SART) and characterize changes in their activity associated with the neurodegenerative condition amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from 33 controls and 23 ALS patients during a SART paradigm. Differences in associated event-related potential peaks were measured for Go and NoGo trials. Sources active during these peaks were localized, and ALS-associated differences were quantified. Results: Go and NoGo N2 and P3 peak sources were localized to the left primary motor cortex, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC),…

AdultMaleCognitive NeurosciencePosterior parietal cortexElectroencephalographybehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologyExecutive Function03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansAttention0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAcademicSubjects/MED00385Amyotrophic lateral sclerosisEvoked PotentialsAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testAcademicSubjects/SCI01870business.industryAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis05 social sciencesBrainElectroencephalographyInferior parietal lobuleCognitionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLeft primary motor cortexDorsolateral prefrontal cortexmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleAcademicSubjects/MED00310Nerve NetRight precuneusCorrigendumbusinessNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCerebral Cortex
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Segregation of areas related to visual working memory in the prefrontal cortex revealed by rTMS.

2002

The functional organization of working memory (WM) in the human prefrontal cortex remains unclear. Storage and processing functions might be segregated in ventral and dorsal areas of the prefrontal cortex, respectively. If so, storage functions might be spared, irrespective of informational domain, following damage or dysfunction in dorsolateral areas. Alternatively, WM and prefrontal function in general might be segregated according to informational domains (e.g. spatial versus object-based information). In the present study we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to directly test these competing hypotheses. We applied rTMS to transiently and selectively disrupt the fun…

AdultMaleCognitive Neurosciencemedicine.medical_treatmentInterference theoryPosterior parietal cortexPrefrontal Cortexbehavioral disciplines and activitiesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceElectromagnetic FieldsmedicineReaction TimeHumansPrefrontal cortexVision OcularSelf-reference effectWorking memoryMagnetic Resonance ImagingDorsolateral prefrontal cortexTranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structureMemory Short-TermVisual PerceptionPsychologyConsumer neurosciencetranscranial magnetic stimulation prefrontal cortexNeuroscienceCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
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The what and how of observational learning

2007

Abstract Neuroimaging evidence increasingly supports the hypothesis that the same neural structures subserve the execution, imagination, and observation of actions. We used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to investigate the specific roles of cerebellum and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in observational learning of a visuomotor task. Subjects observed an actor detecting a hidden sequence in a matrix and then performed the task detecting either the previously observed sequence or a new one. rTMS applied over the cerebellum before the observational training interfered with performance of the new sequence, whereas rTMS applied over the DLPFC interfered with performa…

AdultMaleCognitive Neurosciencemedicine.medical_treatmentrTMS cerebellum DLPFCPrefrontal CortexExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyCognitive neurosciencecerebellum; frontal cortex; observational learning; tmsbehavioral disciplines and activitiesTask (project management)NOBehavioral NeuroscienceMental ProcessesNeuroimagingtmsReference ValuesCerebellummental disordersmedicineBiological neural networkHumansObservational learningReference Values; Analysis of Variance; Humans; Cerebellum; Neural Inhibition; Prefrontal Cortex; Motor Skills; Imitative Behavior; Problem Solving; Social Perception; Imagination; Mental Processes; Adult; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Female; MaleProblem SolvingAnalysis of VarianceSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia Fisiologicafrontal cortexNeural InhibitionCognitionImitative BehaviorTranscranial Magnetic StimulationDorsolateral prefrontal cortexTranscranial magnetic stimulationobservational learningmedicine.anatomical_structureSocial Perceptionnervous systemMotor SkillsImaginationSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemalePsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesCognitive psychology
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Net influx of plasma 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA) to the ventral striatum correlates with prefrontal processing of affective stimuli.

2006

Dopaminergic neurotransmission in the ventral and dorsal striatum interact with central processing of rewarding and reward-indicating stimuli, and may affect frontocortical-striatal-thalamic circuits regulating goal-directed behaviour. Thirteen healthy male volunteers were investigated with multimodal imaging, using the radioligand 6-[ 18 F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA) for positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of dopamine synthesis capacity, and also functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a cognitive activation paradigm. We calculated the correlation between FDOPA net blood-brain influx (K app in ; ml/g/min) in the ventral and associative dorsal striatum and BOLD signal changes …

AdultMaleFluorine RadioisotopesDopaminePrefrontal CortexStriatumNucleus accumbensSynaptic TransmissionReward systemmedicineHumansOperculum (brain)Anterior cingulate cortexmedicine.diagnostic_testGeneral NeuroscienceVentral striatumPutamenMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingCorpus StriatumDihydroxyphenylalanineDorsolateral prefrontal cortexAffectmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemPositron-Emission TomographyCaudate NucleusRadiopharmaceuticalsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesPhotic StimulationThe European journal of neuroscience
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Dynamics of brain activity underlying working memory for music in a naturalistic condition

2014

We aimed at determining the functional neuroanatomy of working memory (WM) recognition of musical motifs that occurs while listening to music by adopting a non-standard procedure. Western tonal music provides naturally occurring repetition and variation of motifs. These serve as WM triggers, thus allowing us to study the phenomenon of motif tracking within real music. Adopting a modern tango as stimulus, a behavioural test helped to identify the stimulus motifs and build a time-course regressor of WM neural responses. This regressor was then correlated with the participants' (musicians') functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal obtained during a continuous listening condition. In…

AdultMaleMemory Long-TermAdolescentBrain activity and meditationCognitive NeuroscienceExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyCognitive neuroscienceStimulus (physiology)Recognition (Psychology)behavioral disciplines and activitiesHippocampusTemporal lobeYoung AdultCognitionmedicineHumansta515Working memory (WM)Brain MappingSupplementary motor areamedicine.diagnostic_testWorking memoryBrainRecognition PsychologyMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImaginghumanitiesDorsolateral prefrontal cortexFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)NaturalisticNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureMemory Short-TermAcoustic Stimulationta6131Auditory PerceptionFemalePsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesMusicCognitive psychologyCORTEX
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rTMS of the prefrontal cortex in the treatment of chronic migraine: a pilot study

2004

A recent fMRI study showed that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) exerts an inhibitory control on pain pathways in humans. We investigated whether high-frequency rTMS over left DLPFC could ameliorate chronic migraine. Treatment consisted of 12 rTMS sessions, delivered in alternate days over left DLPFC. Sham rTMS was used as placebo. Eleven patients were randomly assigned to the rTMS (n=6) or to the placebo (n=5) treatment. Measures of attack frequency, headache index, number of abortive medications (outcome measures) were recorded in the month before, during and in the month after treatment. Subjects treated by rTMS showed a significant reduction of the outcome measures during and in t…

AdultMaleTime FactorsKindligMigraine DisordersPrefrontal CortexPilot ProjectsPlacebobehavioral disciplines and activitieslaw.inventionCentral nervous system diseaseMagneticsChronic MigraineDouble-Blind MethodRandomized controlled triallawmental disordersrTMSmedicineHumansPrefrontal cortexChronic migrainePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesAnalysis of VarianceHeadacheMigraine prophylaxiMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseElectric StimulationClinical trialDorsolateral prefrontal cortexTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyMigraineAnesthesiaCortico-lymbic sensitizationChronic DiseaseFemaleLeft dorsolateral prefrontal cortexNeurology (clinical)Psychologypsychological phenomena and processes
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Dissociable contributions of left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in planning.

2010

It is well established that the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) plays a critical role in planning. Neuroimaging studies have yielded predominantly bilateral dlPFC activations, but the existence and nature of functionally specific contributions of left and right dlPFC have remained elusive. In recent experiments, 2 independent parameters have been identified which substantially determine planning: 1) the degree of interdependence between consecutive steps (search depth) and 2) the degree to which the configuration of the goal state renders the order of single steps either clearly evident or ambiguous (goal hierarchy). Thus, search depth affects the actual mental generation and eva…

AdultMaleTime FactorsLeft brain interpreterCognitive NeurosciencePrefrontal CortexNeuropsychological Testsbehavioral disciplines and activitiesFunctional LateralityCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceExecutive FunctionYoung AdultmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedReaction TimeHumansPrefrontal cortexSelf-reference effectBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testWorking memoryFunctional specializationMagnetic Resonance ImagingDorsolateral prefrontal cortexOxygenmedicine.anatomical_structureFemalePsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingConsumer neurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesCognitive psychologyCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during capsaicin-induced pain: modulatory effects o…

2009

Evidence by functional imaging studies suggests the role of left DLPFC in the inhibitory control of nociceptive transmission system. Pain exerts an inhibitory modulation on motor cortex, reducing MEP amplitude, while the effect of pain on motor intracortical excitability has not been studied so far. In the present study, we explored in healthy subjects the effect of capsaicin-induced pain and the modulatory influences of left DLPFC stimulation on motor corticospinal and intracortical excitability. Capsaicin was applied on the dorsal surface of the right hand, and measures of motor corticospinal excitability (test-MEP) and short intracortical inhibition (SICI) and facilitation (ICF) were obt…

AdultMaleTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentAnalgesicPyramidal TractsPainPrefrontal CortexStimulationElectromyographybehavioral disciplines and activitiesFunctional Lateralitymental disordersmedicineHumansPain ManagementMuscle SkeletalDLPFC rTMS pain capsaicinAnalysis of Variancemedicine.diagnostic_testElectromyographyGeneral NeuroscienceMotor CortexNeural InhibitionEvoked Potentials MotorHandTranscranial Magnetic StimulationFunctional imagingDorsolateral prefrontal cortexTranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structureNociceptionnervous systemFemaleCapsaicinPsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesMotor cortexExperimental Brain Research
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Altered effective connectivity during working memory performance in schizophrenia: a study with fMRI and structural equation modeling

2003

The present study aimed to explore altered effective connectivity in schizophrenic patients while performing a 2-back working memory task. Twelve right-handed, schizophrenic patients treated with typical or atypical antipsychotics and 6 healthy control subjects were studied with fMRI while performing a "2-back" working memory task. Effective connectivity within a cortical-subcortical-cerebellar network for mnemonic information processing was assessed and compared between both groups. The path model included cortico-cortical connections comprising the parietal association cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as well as a cortico-cere…

AdultMaleVentrolateral prefrontal cortexCognitive NeuroscienceModels NeurologicalCerebellumCortex (anatomy)DysmetriaNeural PathwaysmedicineHumansPrefrontal cortexCerebral CortexModels StatisticalWorking memoryCognitionmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingDorsolateral prefrontal cortexMemory Short-Termmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologySchizophreniaSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyNeuroscienceAlgorithmsPsychomotor PerformanceNeuroImage
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COMT genotype predicts BOLD signal and noise characteristics in prefrontal circuits.

2006

Abstract Objective: Prefrontal dopamine (DA) is catabolized by the COMT (catechol- O -methyltransferase) enzyme. Literature suggests that the Val/Met single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the COMT gene predicts executive cognition in humans with Val carriers showing poorer performance due to less available synaptic DA. Recent fMRI studies are thought to agree with these studies having demonstrated prefrontal hyperactivation during n -back and attention-requiring tasks. This was interpreted as “less efficient” processing due to impaired signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of neuronal activity. However, electrophysiological studies of neuronal SNR in primates and humans imply that prefrontal cortex…

AdultMaleVisual perceptiongenetic structuresGenotypeCognitive NeurosciencePrefrontal CortexCatechol O-Methyltransferasebehavioral disciplines and activitiesDopaminemedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedPremovement neuronal activityHumansPrefrontal cortexOddball paradigmReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSMA*Magnetic Resonance ImagingDorsolateral prefrontal cortexOxygenElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyRegression AnalysisFemalePsychologyNeurosciencePhotic StimulationPsychomotor Performancemedicine.drugNeuroImage
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