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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Localization of Brain Networks Engaged by the Sustained Attention to Response Task Provides Quantitative Markers of Executive Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Richard B. ReillyRichard B. ReillyBahman NasseroleslamiAntonio FasanoStefan DukicStefan DukicMark HeverinEmmet CostelloOrla HardimanOrla HardimanNiall PenderNiall PenderRoisin McmackinMuthuraman MuthuramanMarta Pinto-grauMarta Pinto-grauTeresa Buxo

subject

AdultMaleCognitive NeurosciencePosterior parietal cortexElectroencephalographybehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologyExecutive Function03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansAttention0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAcademicSubjects/MED00385Amyotrophic lateral sclerosisEvoked PotentialsAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testAcademicSubjects/SCI01870business.industryAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis05 social sciencesBrainElectroencephalographyInferior parietal lobuleCognitionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLeft primary motor cortexDorsolateral prefrontal cortexmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleAcademicSubjects/MED00310Nerve NetRight precuneusCorrigendumbusinessNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgery

description

Abstract Objective: To identify cortical regions engaged during the sustained attention to response task (SART) and characterize changes in their activity associated with the neurodegenerative condition amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from 33 controls and 23 ALS patients during a SART paradigm. Differences in associated event-related potential peaks were measured for Go and NoGo trials. Sources active during these peaks were localized, and ALS-associated differences were quantified. Results: Go and NoGo N2 and P3 peak sources were localized to the left primary motor cortex, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and lateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC). NoGo trials evoked greater bilateral medial PPC activity during N2 and lesser left insular, PPC and DLPFC activity during P3. Widespread cortical hyperactivity was identified in ALS during P3. Changes in the inferior parietal lobule and insular activity provided very good discrimination (AUROC > 0.75) between patients and controls. Activation of the right precuneus during P3 related to greater executive function in ALS, indicative of a compensatory role. Interpretation: The SART engages numerous frontal and parietal cortical structures. SART–EEG measures correlate with specific cognitive impairments that can be localized to specific structures, aiding in differential diagnosis.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2020-01-17Cerebral Cortex
https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa076