Search results for "dosage"

showing 10 items of 516 documents

Influence of different CyA formulations and calcium channel blocker phenyhidine regimens on intracellular (erythrocyte) calcium levels after kidney t…

1997

medicine.medical_specialtyErythrocytesmedicine.drug_classPrednisolonechemistry.chemical_elementAdministration OralCalcium channel blockerCalciumInternal medicineAzathioprinemedicineHumansDrug InteractionsKidney transplantationDosage FormsTransplantationKidneybusiness.industryCiclosporinmedicine.diseaseCalcium Channel BlockersKidney TransplantationTransplantationEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryToxicityCyclosporineSurgeryCalciumEmulsionsbusinessIntracellularImmunosuppressive Agentsmedicine.drugTransplantation proceedings
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Exclusive MRI-based tandem and colpostats reconstruction in gynaecological brachytherapy treatment planning

2008

Purpose: According to the GYN GEC-ESTRO Recommendations, MRI is needed with the modality of T2 weighted. CT-MR compatible tandem Plus colpostats (T/C) (Nucletron) is widely used in cervical brachytherapy. The major challenge of MRI is the lack of dummy catheters. Therefore, an additional imaging modality is usually required. One disadvantage of sliced-based reconstruction is that resolution in longitudinal directions can be affected by the slice thickness. The aim of this study is to present a modified T/C applicator in which the catheter visibility is significantly improved. Methods and materials: A modification to the existing T/C applicator has been made available, increasing the cathete…

medicine.medical_specialtyGenital Neoplasms Femalebusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedSlice thicknessmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyRadiotherapy DosageHematologyMagnetic Resonance ImagingCatheterizationCatheterOncologymedicineHumansDosimetryFemaleRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologyNuclear medicinebusinessRadiation treatment planningT2 weighted
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The value of high resolution CT in the diagnosis of meniscal lesions of the knee

1991

We report on 50 patients who had meniscal pathology and were given computed tomographic (CT) scans. Our diagnostic accuracy was approximately 92%. We believe that CT is a good method of screening these patients prior to using a much more expensive method, such as magnetic resonance imaging or diagnostic arthroscopy.

medicine.medical_specialtyHigh resolutionDiagnostic accuracyMeniscus (anatomy)Radiation DosageMenisci TibialSensitivity and SpecificityArthroscopyPredictive Value of TestsmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineProspective StudiesDiagnostic arthroscopymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryArthroscopyMagnetic resonance imagingMagnetic Resonance ImagingTibial Meniscus Injuriesmedicine.anatomical_structurePredictive value of testsCosts and Cost AnalysisRadiologyTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessMeniscal lesionsArthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery
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OP0090 THE OCCURRENCE OF SUBCLINICAL AND CLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, RESULTS FROM THE 3-YEAR, MULTICENTER, PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVA…

2019

Background The systemic inflammatory process and the “traditional” cardiovascular (CV) risk factors could synergize the enhancement of CV burden in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1]. Objectives To assess the occurrence and the predictive factors of subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in patients with RA. Methods During 2015, consecutive patients, admitted to Italian Rheumatology Units, were assessed in GIRRCS (Gruppo Italiano di Ricerca in Reumatologia Clinica e Sperimentale) cohort [2]. After that, patients were followed-up in a 3-year, prospective, observational study, assessing the occurrence of subclinical (carotid and/or peripheral arteries atherosclerotic lesions detected by ultrasou…

medicine.medical_specialtyLow dosagebusiness.industryviruseseducationmedicine.diseaseInternal medicineSubclinical atherosclerosisRheumatoid arthritisCohortUltrasound imagingmedicineObservational studyIn patientbusinessSubclinical infectionOral Presentations
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A CAD system for nodule detection in low-dose lung CTs based on region growing and a new active contour model

2007

A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for the selection of lung nodules in computer tomography (CT) images is presented. The system is based on region growing (RG) algorithms and a new active contour model (ACM), implementing a local convex hull, able to draw the correct contour of the lung parenchyma and to include the pleural nodules. The CAD consists of three steps: (1) the lung parenchymal volume is segmented by means of a RG algorithm; the pleural nodules are included through the new ACM technique; (2) a RG algorithm is iteratively applied to the previously segmented volume in order to detect the candidate nodules; (3) a double-threshold cut and a neural network are applied to reduce…

medicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsRadiation DosageModels BiologicalEdge detectionImage processingMedical imagingmedicineHumansDiagnosis Computer-AssistedComputed radiographycomputer-aided diagnosis (CAD)Lungimage segmentationComputed tomographyActive contour modelImage segmentationbusiness.industrycomputed tomographyGeneral MedicineImage segmentationComputer-aided diagnosis (CAD)image processingROC CurveRegion growingComputer-aided diagnosisRadiologyTomographyNeural Networks Computercomputer-aided diagnosis (CAD)image processingcomputed tomographyimage segmentationNuclear medicinebusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedAlgorithms
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Broad-beam transmission data for new brachytherapy sources, Tm-170 and Yb-169

2005

The characteristics of the radionuclides (170)Tm and (169)Yb are highly interesting for their use as high dose-rate brachytherapy sources. The introduction of brachytherapy equipment containing these sources will lead to smaller required thicknesses of the materials used in radiation protection barriers compared with the use of conventional sources such as (192)Ir and (137)Cs. The purpose of this study is to determine the required thicknesses of protection material for the design of the protecting walls. Using the Monte Carlo method, transmission data were derived for broad-beam geometries through lead and concrete barriers, from which the first half value layer and tenth value layer are ob…

medicine.medical_specialtyMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodOpticsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsYtterbiumRadioisotopesRadiationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineBeam transmissionIridium RadioisotopesTransmission (telecommunications)Cesium RadioisotopesThuliumCalibrationDose reductionRadiation protectionbusinessMonte Carlo MethodHalf-value layerRadiation Protection Dosimetry
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Verification of a commercial implementation of the Macro-Monte-Carlo electron dose calculation algorithm using the virtual accelerator approach.

2009

Abstract In this work, the accuracy of the implementation of the Macro Monte Carlo electron dose calculation algorithm into the radiation therapy treatment planning system Eclipse is evaluated. This implementation – called eMC – uses a particle source based on the Rotterdam Initial Phase-Space model. A three-dimensional comparison of eMC calculated dose to dose distributions resulting from full treatment head simulations with the Monte Carlo code package EGSnrc is performed using the ‘virtual accelerator’ approach. Calculated dose distributions are compared for a homogeneous tissue equivalent phantom and a water phantom with air and bone inhomogeneities. The performance of the eMC algorithm…

medicine.medical_specialtyMonte Carlo methodBiophysicsElectronsImaging phantomUser-Computer InterfaceElectron dosemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsMacroLungEclipsePhysicsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedCalculation algorithmWaterRadiotherapy DosageSpineComputational physicsRadiographyTracheaTissue equivalentHomogeneousHeadMonte Carlo MethodAlgorithmsZeitschrift fur medizinische Physik
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Conversion ratios for opioid switching in the treatment of cancer pain: a systematic review

2011

In this paper we describe the results of a systematic search of the literature on conversion ratios during opioid switching. This is part of a project of the European Palliative Care Research Collaboration to update the European Association for Palliative Care recommendations for the use of opioid analgesics in the treatment of cancer pain. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they involved adult patients with chronic cancer pain, contained data on opioid conversion ratios, were prospective and were written in English. Thirty-one studies were identified and included. The majority of the studies had methodological flaws and were not designed to explore or demonstrate equianalgesic dose da…

medicine.medical_specialtyPalliative careMEDLINEPainDrug Administration ScheduleFentanylNeoplasmsmedicineHumansDrug Dosage CalculationsDosingIntensive care medicinePain MeasurementRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineEquianalgesicAnalgesics OpioidEuropeAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineOpioidAnesthesiaPractice Guidelines as TopicCancer painbusinessmedicine.drugBuprenorphinePalliative Medicine
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Spinal metastases: Is stereotactic body radiation therapy supported by evidences?

2016

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is becoming widely adopted in the treatment of primary and secondary tumors. Spinal bone metastases are frequently discovered in cancer patients, and in the past have been usually treated with a palliative goal. Nevertheless, in some particular clinical settings, such as oligometastatic patients and/or those with a long life expectancy, spinal SBRT could be considered a valid therapeutic option to obtain long-lasting palliation and, when possible, with a curative goal. This review aims to summarize available clinical and dosimetric data of published studies about spinal SBRT.

medicine.medical_specialtyPalliative careStereotactic body radiation therapymedicine.medical_treatment2720 HematologyBone Neoplasms610 Medicine & healthClinical settingsRadiosurgeryRadiosurgery030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDosimetryFractures CompressionPalliative radiotherapymedicineHumansSBRTSpinal NeoplasmsToxicitySpine metastasesbusiness.industryPalliative CareCompressionCancerRadiotherapy DosageHematologymedicine.disease10044 Clinic for Radiation OncologySurgeryTreatment OutcomeOncologyLocal controlDosimetry; Local control; Palliative radiotherapy; SBRT; Spine metastases; Toxicity; Bone Neoplasms; Evidence-Based Practice; Fractures Compression; Humans; Palliative Care; Radiotherapy Dosage; Spinal Fractures; Spinal Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Radiosurgery; Hematology; Oncology; Geriatrics and GerontologyEvidence-Based Practice030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSpinal Fractures2730 OncologySecondary tumorsGeriatrics and GerontologySpinal metastasesbusinessFracturesStereotactic body radiotherapyCritical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
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Aberrant copy numbers of ALK gene is a frequent genetic alteration in neuroblastomas.

2009

A total of 50 neuroblastomas were assessed for frequency of ALK gene copy number aberrations by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization using a break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization probe. The data were compared with status of MYCN, 11q, 17q, and 1p36. We observed ALK aberrations (amplification, 1 of 45; gain, 15 of 45 and loss/imbalance, 11 of 45) in a total of 27 (60%) of 45 neuroblastomas. Synchronic MYCN and ALK aberrations accounted for 23 of 45 (51%) tumors; however, MYCN alterations were also detected in 11 (60%) of 18 tumors without ALK aberrations. Our data suggest that copy number aberrations of the ALK gene is a frequent genetic event in the development of neurobla…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologyGene DosageBiologyPathology and Forensic MedicineNeuroblastomahemic and lymphatic diseasesNeuroblastomamedicineAnaplastic lymphoma kinaseHumansAnaplastic Lymphoma KinaseCopy number aberrationneoplasmsIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceOncogene ProteinsN-Myc Proto-Oncogene Proteinmedicine.diagnostic_testGenetic AlterationCancerNuclear ProteinsReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesAnatomical pathologyProtein-Tyrosine Kinasesmedicine.diseaseTissue Array AnalysisCancer researchAutonomic neuropathyFluorescence in situ hybridizationHuman pathology
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