Search results for "double-blind"
showing 10 items of 662 documents
Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone-a lactation-promoting agent?
1991
Objective— To study the lactational and hormonal responses to nasal administration of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) in puerperal women with inadequate lactation. Design— Prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Subjects— 19 puerperal women with inadequate lactation (<50% of normal milk yield) on the 5th day postpartum. Interventions— 10 women were allocated to receive TRH administered by a nasal spray of 1 mg, four times daily, between suckling episodes, for 10 consecutive days starting on day 6 postpartum. Nine women were allocated to receive placebo sprays. Main outcome measures— Daily milk yield, serum levels of prolactin and thyroid hormones. Results— Before …
Separating the Mechanism-Based and Off-Target Actions of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors With CETP Gene Polymorphisms
2010
Background— Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, but torcetrapib, the first-in-class inhibitor tested in a large outcome trial, caused an unexpected blood pressure elevation and increased cardiovascular events. Whether the hypertensive effect resulted from CETP inhibition or an off-target action of torcetrapib has been debated. We hypothesized that common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CETP gene could help distinguish mechanism-based from off-target actions of CETP inhibitors to inform on the validity of CETP as a therapeutic target. Methods and Results— We compared the effect of CETP single-nucleotide polymorphisms …
Reproducibility of irritant patch test reactions to sodium lauryl sulfate in a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study using clinical scorin…
1999
Reading of doubtful patch test reactions can be improved by comparing them to defined negative, allergic and irritant controls. For the latter, an irritant patch test is needed that gives sufficiently reproducible results. In our double-blind, placebo-controlled. randomized study, we have analysed the synchronous reproducibility of patch tests with 0%, 0.0625%, 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). Tests and readings were done according to ESCD guidelines. 139 patients (75 women, 64 men) 18 to 77 years old were tested. The % of positive patients as well as the % of reproducible positive reactions increased with rising concentrations of SLS to a maximum of approximately 9…
Economic evaluation of caspofungin vs liposomal amphotericin B for empirical therapy of suspected systemic fungal infection in the German hospital se…
2007
As antifungal agents are frequently used in hematology and oncology, economic data on the empirical therapy of suspected systemic fungal infection are pivotal. Data were analyzed according to: (1) the rate of nephrotoxicity related to treatment with caspofungin in comparison to liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) from a randomized clinical trial, (2) the effect of nephrotoxicity on length of hospital stay from a European observational study, and (3) an example of total bottom-up cost in a department of hematology in Germany. All estimates include 95% confidence intervals (CI) using two-stage Monte Carlo simulation on binominal and Gaussian random variables from separate studies with comparable…
Effects of polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase and folate metabolizing genes on the concentration of serum nitrate, folate, and plasma…
2015
Abstract Objectives A number of studies have explored the effects of dietary nitrate on human health. Nitrate in the blood can be recycled to nitric oxide, which is an essential mediator involved in many important biochemical mechanisms. Nitric oxide is also formed in the body from l -arginine by nitric oxide synthase. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and genes involved in folate metabolism affect the concentration of serum nitrate, serum folate, and plasma total homocysteine in healthy individuals after folic acid supplementation. Methods In a randomized double-blind, crossover study, participants were given …
Bisoprolol and captopril effects on insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in essential hypertension.
1998
Angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and beta-blockers have been reported to possess disparate effects on insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to study the effects of the selective beta-1 blocker bisoprolol and of the ACE inhibitor captopril on cellular insulin action in hypertensive individuals. After washout, 12 mild to moderate essential hypertensives were randomized in a double-blind manner to 5 mg bisoprolol daily or 25 mg captopril twice daily for 8 weeks. Erythrocyte insulin binding and insulin-stimulated tyrosine kinase (TK) activity were measured before and after therapy. Both agents decreased diastolic blood pressure significantly (bisoprolol 96.5+/-0.9 to 87.…
Genistein in the Metabolic Syndrome: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial
2013
Context: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of genistein on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in Caucasian postmenopausal subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Objective: Our objective was to assess the effects of genistein on surrogate endpoints associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Design and Setting: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at 3 university medical centers in Italy. Patients: Patients included 120 postmenopausal women with MetS according to modified Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Tre…
Safety of Topical Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Osteoarthritis: Outcomes of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
2019
Objective We aimed to assess the safety of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the management of osteoarthritis (OA) in a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Methods A comprehensive literature search was undertaken in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Scopus electronic databases. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials that assessed adverse events (AEs) with topical NSAIDs in patients with OA were eligible for inclusion. Authors and/or study sponsors were contacted to obtain the full report of AEs. The primary outcomes were overall severe and serious AEs, as w…
Serum TRACP 5b Is a Useful Marker for Monitoring Alendronate Treatment: Comparison With Other Markers of Bone Turnover
2005
We studied clinical performance of serum TRACP 5b and other bone turnover markers, including S-CTX, U-DPD, S-PINP, S-BALP, and S-OC, for monitoring alendronate treatment. TRACP 5b had higher clinical sensitivity, area under the ROC curve, and signal-to-noise ratio than the other markers. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical performance of serum TRACP 5b (S-TRACP5b) with that of other markers of bone turnover in the monitoring of alendronate treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This double-blinded study included 148 healthy postmenopausal women that were randomly assigned into two groups: one receiving 5 mg alendronate daily (n=75) and the other receiving placebo …
Efficacy of amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the prevention of infection and dry socket after third molar extraction: a systematic revi…
2016
Background: Prophylactic use of amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, although controversial, is common in routine clinical practice in third molar surgery. Material and Methods: Our objective was to assess the efficacy of prophylactic amoxicillin with or without clavulanic acid in reducing the incidence of dry socket and/or infection after third molar extraction. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis consulting electronic databases and references in retrieved articles. We included double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials published up to June 2015 investigating the efficacy of amoxicillin with or without clavulanic acid on the incidence of the aforement…