Search results for "droplet"

showing 10 items of 127 documents

Myoglobin, expressed in brown adipose tissue of mice, regulates the content and activity of mitochondria and lipid droplets

2021

Abstract The identification of novel physiological regulators that stimulate energy expenditure through brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in substrate catalysis is of utmost importance to understand and treat metabolic diseases. Myoglobin (MB), known to store or transport oxygen in heart and skeletal muscles, has recently been found to bind fatty acids with physiological constants in its oxygenated form (i.e., MBO2). Here, we investigated the in vivo effect of MB expression on BAT activity. In particular, we studied mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism as essential determinants of energy expenditure in this tissue. We show in a MB-null (MBko) mouse model that MB expression in BAT i…

PalmitatesOxidative phosphorylationMitochondrion1307 Cell BiologyMiceAdipose Tissue BrownLipid dropletBrown adipose tissueRespiration1312 Molecular BiologymedicineAnimalsHumansPPAR alpha11434 Center for Clinical StudiesMuscle SkeletalMolecular BiologyUncoupling Protein 1Mice KnockoutMyoglobinChemistryProteinsThermogenesisLipid metabolismLipid DropletsCell BiologyMetabolism10081 Institute of Veterinary PhysiologyPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alphaMitochondriaCell biologyOxygenDisease Models AnimalAdipocytes Brownmedicine.anatomical_structure10076 Center for Integrative Human Physiology570 Life sciences; biologyApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsEnergy MetabolismThermogenesisBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
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Electron microscopic studies on skin and lymphocytes in early juvenile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis.

1987

Skin and lymphocytes of three patients with early juvenile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL) were ultras trueturally investigated. Fingerprint profiles (FPP), isolated and I or mixed with curvilinear profiles (CLP), in various dermal cells and large, usually single lipopigments delineated by a trilaminar membrane and filled with a granular matrix, FPP and occasionally lipid droplets in lymphocytes were observed in all three patients. Characteristic lipopigments in lymphocytes are an important feature to differentiate between early juvenile NCL and late infantile and juvenile NCL.

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyLymphocyteEarly juvenileInfantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosisMatrix (biology)BiologyLipofuscinDevelopmental NeuroscienceNeuronal Ceroid-LipofuscinosesLipid dropletmedicineJuvenileHumansLymphocytesChildSkinGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureChild PreschoolPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthUltrastructureNeuronal ceroid lipofuscinosisNeurology (clinical)Braindevelopment
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The Participation of the Complement System in Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease

1991

Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease of large and medium-sized arteries wherein the tunica intima becomes thickened due to lipid accumulation, mostly cholesterol and its esters, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and increased deposition of connective tissue matrix. A major risk factor in the development of this disease is hypercholesterolemia arising from elevated levels of low density lipoproteins (LDL). The earliest recognizable lesion, which may be a precursor to the fibrofatty plaque, is the fatty streak. It is predominantly composed of monocyte-derived macrophage foam cells, i.e. cells ladened with intracellular lipid droplets. Hence, a fundamental aspect of atherogenesis is the insud…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyVascular smooth muscleChemistryMonocyteFatty streakConnective tissueTunica intimaLesionmedicine.anatomical_structureLipid dropletmedicineMacrophagelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptom
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Single photon emission from impurity centers in AlGaAs epilayers on Ge and Si substrates

2012

We show that the epitaxial growth of thin layers of AlGaAs on Ge and Si substrates allows to obtain single photon sources by exploiting the sparse and unintentional contamination with acceptors of the AlGaAs. Very bright and sharp single photoluminescence lines are observed in confocal microscopy. These lines behave very much as single excitons in quantum dots, but their implementation is by far much easier, since it does not require 3D nucleation. The photon antibunching is demonstrated by time resolved Hanbury Brown and Twiss measurements.

Photon antibunchingPhotonMaterials sciencePhotoluminescencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Droplet Epitaxybusiness.industryExcitonquantum dotCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectGallium arsenideCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundSemiconductorchemistrySingle photon emitterQuantum dotOptoelectronicsGaAbusinessFIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIAMolecular beam epitaxyApplied Physics Letters
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Vortices in quantum droplets: Analogies between boson and fermion systems

2010

The main theme of this review is the many-body physics of vortices in quantum droplets of bosons or fermions, in the limit of small particle numbers. Systems of interest include cold atoms in traps as well as electrons confined in quantum dots. When set to rotate, these in principle very different quantum systems show remarkable analogies. The topics reviewed include the structure of the finite rotating many-body state, universality of vortex formation and localization of vortices in both bosonic and fermionic systems, and the emergence of particle-vortex composites in the quantum Hall regime. An overview of the computational many-body techniques sets focus on the configuration interaction …

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gasesta214Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114quantum dropletsta221vorticesGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesFermionQuantum Hall effectVortexMany-body problemQuantum dotQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Quantum mechanicsComposite fermionMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesQuantumta218BosonREVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
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Emission properties of single InAs/GaAs quantum dot pairs and molecules grown in GaAs nanoholes

2010

Trabajo presentado a la "11th International Conference on Optics of Excitons in Confined Systems" (OECS), celebrada en en Madrid (España) del 7 al 11 de Septiembre de 2009.

PhysicsCouplingHistoryCondensed matter physicsQuantum dot moleculesCoulomb blockadeCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectDroplet epitaxiMolecular physicsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationQuantum dotQuantum dot laserMicrophotoluminiscenceMoleculeDiffusion (business)Quantum dot molecules
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Stima della potenza cinetica della precipitazione a partire da osservazioni disdrometriche di distribuzioni dimensionali delle gocce di pioggia

2011

Lo studio del distacco delle particelle di suolo operato dalla pioggia richiede la conoscenza delle caratteristiche erosive della precipitazione. Nella memoria, dopo aver richiamato i presupposti teorici della legge di Ulbrich e le espressioni della potenza cinetica da essa deducibili, viene presentata una verifica di applicabilita della suddetta distribuzione teorica sulla base delle distribuzioni dimensionali delle gocce di pioggia rilevate mediante un disdrometro ottico installato presso la sezione Idraulica del Dipartimento dei Sistemi Agro-Ambientali dell’Universita di Palermo. Viene proposta, infine, una verifica sperimentale dell’equazione di Wischmeier e Smith per il calcolo della p…

PhysicsDrop sizeDisdrometerlegge di Ulbrich distribuzione dimensionale delle gocce di pioggia potenza cineticaSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliMineralogyKinetic energyDroplet sizeGeomorphologyL'Italia Forestale e Montana
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2D simulation of wave-particle coupling inspired by walking droplets

2018

In recent years, a fluid dynamics phenomenon has been observed that shows interesting analogies with several quantum mechanical ones. Under specific experimental conditions, a liquid droplet released on a vibrating liquid persists in jumping, forming a localized wave-particle, and its behaviour resembles that of a de Broglie wave-particle. In this paper we discuss a simplified model for this phenomenon and the results of numerical fluid dynamics simulations implemented on the basis of the model. In spite of the relevant simplifying assumptions of our approach, we observe that a wave-droplet coupling is obtained and the droplet travels at nearly constant velocity, as it is observed in experi…

PhysicsSettore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della FisicaGeneral Physics and AstronomyFluid mechanicsmodelingsimulation01 natural scienceswalking droplet010305 fluids & plasmasfluid dynamicCoupling (physics)Wave–particle dualityClassical mechanics0103 physical sciencesFluid dynamicsTraveling wavephysics education fluid dynamics modelling simulation walking dropletphysics education010306 general physics
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Use of Heating Configuration to Control Marangoni Circulation during Droplet Evaporation

2022

The present work presents a numerical study of the evaporation of a sessile liquid droplet deposited on a substrate and subjected to different heating configurations. The physical formulation accounts for evaporation, the Marangoni effect, conductive transfer in the support, radiative heating, and diffusion–convection in the droplet itself. The moving interface is solved using the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method. Simulations were performed using COMSOL Multiphysics. Different configurations were performed to investigate the effect of the heating conditions on the shape and intensity of the Marangoni circulations. A droplet can be heated by the substrate (different natures and thi…

Physics::Fluid DynamicsDropletupwardMarangoni circulationdroplet; evaporation; Marangoni circulation; heating configuration; upward/downward flowheating configurationGeography Planning and Developmentdownward flowAquatic ScienceBiochemistryWater Science and TechnologyevaporationSettore ICAR/01 - Idraulica
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M2_Microfluidics_for_CNT

2018

Droplet production in flow-focusing microfluidic device. The droplets are cut off from the water phase flow by pressure of oil from the side channels. The movement of the droplets proves laminar flow in the device.

Physics::Fluid Dynamicsdroplet formationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersmicrofluidicslinear flowflow-focusing
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