Search results for "drug effects"
showing 10 items of 64 documents
Imeglimin Normalizes Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity and Improves Mitochondrial Function in Liver of a High-Fat, High-Sucrose Diet Mice Mod…
2015
International audience; Imeglimin is the first in a new class of oral glucose-lowering agents currently in phase 2b development. Although imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity in humans, the molecular mechanisms are unknown. This study used a model of 16-week high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) mice to characterize its antidiabetic effects. Six-week imeglimin treatment significantly decreased glycemia, restored normal glucose tolerance, and improved insulin sensitivity without modifying organs, body weights, and food intake. This was associated with an increase in insulin-stimulated protein kinase B phosphorylation in the liver and muscle. In liver mitochondria, imeglimin redirects substra…
Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles in Blattella germanica: effects of halofenozide, boric acid and benfuracarb
2006
1379-1176 (Print) Journal Article; In order to complete previous studies conducted on Blattella germanica, three insecticides from different groups were evaluated: boric acid, an inorganic compound, benfuracarb, a carbamate, and halofenozide, a non-steroidal ecdysone agonist. Boric acid (8.20%, LD50) and benfuracarb (2%, LD50) were incorporated into the diet and orally administrated to newly emerged adults of both sexes, while halofenozide (0.33%, LD50) was applied topically. Hydrocarbons extracts was made on bidistilled pentane from control and treated series sampled 6 days following treatment. Extracts was analyzed by gas chromatography. Data showed that cuticular profiles of control and …
The type of GnRH analogue used during controlled ovarian stimulation influences early embryo developmental kinetics: a time-lapse study
2013
OBJECTIVE: To explore if the GnRH analogue used for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and the ovulation triggering factor (GnRH agonist + hCG triggering versus GnRH antagonist + GnRH agonist triggering) affect embryo development and kinetics.STUDY DESIGN: In a retrospective cohort study in the Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI) Alicante and the Instituto Universitario-IVI Valencia, Spain, 2817 embryos deriving from 400 couples undergoing oocyte donation were analysed. After controlled ovarian stimulation and IVF/intracytoplamic sperm injection, the timing of embryonic cleavages was assessed by a video time-lapse system. The results were analysed using Student's t test for compari…
Botulinum toxin in preparation of oral cavity for microsurgical reconstruction.
2010
CONCLUSIONS: Infiltration of botulinum toxin in the major salivary glands allows a temporary reduction of salivation that begins 8 days afterwards and returns to normal within 2 months. The inhibition of salivary secretion, carried out before the oral cavity reconstructive surgery, could allow a reduction of the incidence of oro-cutaneous fistulas and local complications. OBJECTIVES: Saliva stagnation is a risk factor for patients who have to undergo reconstructive microsurgery of the oral cavity, because of fistula formation and local complications in the oral cavity. The authors suggest infiltration of botulinum toxin in the major salivary glands to reduce salivation temporarily during th…
Characterization of a cDNA clone encoding a glycine-rich cuticular protein of Tenebrio molitor: developmental expression and effect of a juvenile hor…
1992
0962-1075 (Print) Journal Article; The complete sequence of a cDNA clone, isolated from epidermal mRNA of Tenebrio molitor using a monoclonal antibody raised against an adult-specific cuticular antigen only present in the hard cuticle, was obtained after primer extension at the 5' end. From this cDNA sequence, the deduced protein encompasses 199 amino acids (including a signal peptide) with a total molecular weight of 20.7 kDa. The protein exhibits a bipartite structure: glycine-rich region located in its NH2-terminal part and a carboxy-terminal domain sharing homologies with other cuticular proteins of Orthoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera. In-situ hybridization analysis shows that the corre…
Design and synthesis of pironetin analogue/colchicine hybrids and study of their cytotoxic activity and mechanisms of interaction with tubulin
2014
We here report the synthesis of a series of 12 hybrid molecules composed of a colchicine moiety and a pironetin analogue fragment. The two fragments are connected through an ester-amide spacer of variable length. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds and their interactions with tubulin have been investigated. Relations between the structure and activity are discussed. Since the spacer is not long enough to permit a simultaneous binding of the hybrid molecules to the colchicine and pironetin sites on tubulin, a further feature investigated was whether these molecules would interact with the latter through the pironetin end (irreversible covalent binding) or through the colchicine end (…
D2R striatopallidal neurons inhibit both locomotor and drug reward processes.
2009
The specific functions of dopamine D(2) receptor-positive (D(2)R) striatopallidal neurons remain poorly understood. Using a genetic mouse model, we found that ablation of D(2)R neurons in the entire striatum induced hyperlocomotion, whereas ablation in the ventral striatum increased amphetamine conditioned place preference. Thus D(2)R striatopallidal neurons limit both locomotion and, unexpectedly, drug reinforcement.
Characterization and DNA-binding properties of GRF, a novel monomeric binding orphan receptor related to GCNF and betaFTZ-F1
1999
0014-2956 (Print) Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; A PCR approach has been used to isolate, from Bombyx mori, a cDNA encoding a novel orphan receptor (GRF) that is most closely related to Bombyx betaFTZ-F1 and to the vertebrate germ cell nuclear factor. The major GRF mRNA is detected in most tissues as an 8-kb transcript whose amount follows the circulating ecdysteroid concentration with a delay. The expression pattern of GRF is similar to that of the Bombyx homologue of the Drosophila early-late gene DHR3, and precedes that of betaFTZ-F1 in all stages and tissues examined. The GRF protein is thus likely to be required in many tissues, but in a temporally …
Extrahepatic Morbidity and Mortality of Chronic Hepatitis C
2015
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with several extra-hepatic manifestations. Patients with HCV may develop mixed cryoglobulinemia and its sequelae, ranging from cutaneous and visceral vasculitis to glomerulonephritis and B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. HCV-infected patients have increased rates of insulin resistance, diabetes and atherosclerosis, which may lead to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Neurologic manifestations of HCV infection include fatigue and cognitive impairment. The mechanisms causing the extra-hepatic effects of HCV infection are likely multifactorial and may include endocrine effects, HCV replication in extra-hepatic cells, or a heig…
Effect of intravitreal injection of Indocyanine Green, Triamcinolone Acetonide and Trypan Blue on the electroretinographic response of rats
2007
International audience; Purpose:: Indocyanine Green (ICG) and Tripan Blue (TB) are commonly used in macular surgery by making easier the internal limiting membrane (ILM) removing. However, the innocuousness of these dyes is not actually established notably for ICG. Then, several authors proposed the use of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) as an alternative to the use of intraoperative dyes for visualizing the ILM. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intravitreal injection of ICG, TB and TA on the rat electroretinogram (ERG). Methods:: Three groups of 12-week-old Sprague Dawley rats (n=6) received intravitreal injection in one eye of 0.1mL of either ICG 0.5mg/mL, TB 3mg/mL o…