Search results for "duration"

Electrical and mechanical activity of mammalian heart muscle fibres treated with papaverine

1977

The action of papaverine on electrical and mechanical activity was investigated in ventricular and atrial heart muscle fibres from guinea-pigs and cats. 1. Papaverine (10−5 M–5×10−5M) had positive, negative or no inotropic effects in ventricular preparations; positive inotropic effects were not observed after pretreatment of the animals with reserpine. In atrial preparations, papaverine (2×10−5M) had a positive inotropic effect that was independent of endogenously stored catecholamines. 2. The effects of isoprenaline and dibutyryl cyclic AMP were potentiated by papaverine (10−5 M–2×10−5M). 3. The action potential duration was always prolonged by papaverine in ventricular as well as in atria…

Search in the labour markets : empirical evidence of the role of technology and sanctions

2014

Why Moral Neuroeducation Should Embrace Ethical Humour

2019

Smiling and laughter are voluntary expressions that come from deep within ourselves. They are reflections of the character we construct through the exercise of our own will. Given that we can laugh in an ethically correct or incorrect manner, an “ethical sense of humour” reflects to what extent an individual’s ethics education has been correctly taught. “Ethical humour” is also therapeutic, in the sense that it is beneficial for one’s health. For example, it stimulates the immune system to fight the negative effects of stress, and stimulates the secretion of endorphins, which have an analgesic effect. Neuroscientific studies have demonstrated, among other things, that the cerebellum plays a…

Kilohertz and Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation With the Same Pulse Duration Have Similar Efficiency for Inducing Isometric Knee Extension Torque …

2017

International audience; Objective To test the hypotheses that, as compared with pulsed current with the same pulse duration, kilohertz frequency alternating current would not differ in terms of evoked-torque production and perceived discomfort, and as a result, it would show the same current efficiency.Design A repeated-measures design with 4 stimuli presented in random order was used to test 25 women: (1) 500-microsecond pulse duration, (2) 250-microsecond pulse duration, (3) 500-microsecond pulse duration and low carrier frequency (1 kHz), (4) 250-microsecond pulse duration and high carrier frequency (4 kHz). Isometric peak torque of quadriceps muscle was measured using an isokinetic dyna…

The Workers' Value of the Remaining Employment Contract Duration

2005

This paper introduces and applies a method for estimating workers' marginal willingness to pay for job attributes employing data on job search activity. Workers' willingness to pay for the remaining duration of the employment contract is derived. We provide evidence that workers attach substantial value to the remaining contract duration. A temporary worker with a remaining contract of 6 months is willing to pay about 10% of the wage to increase the contract by one month.

Unemployment Transitions to Stable and Unstable Jobs Before and During the Crisis

2014

Using administrative records data from Spanish Social Security, we analyse the pattern and the determinants of individual unemployment benefit spell durations. We compare a period of expansion (2005-2007) and the recent recession (2009-2011), allowing us to determine the impact of the current crisis. In line with the duality that characterizes the Spanish labour market, we distinguish between exits to a stable job and exits to an unstable job. We estimate a Multivariate Mixed Proportional Hazard Model for each time period. We find similar effects of the crisis for stable and unstable jobs, which are particularly strong in the first year of the spell. Moreover, slight negative duration depen…

Locus of Control and Mothers' Return to Employment

2016

This paper investigates the effect of locus of control (LOC) on the length of mothers’ employment break after childbirth. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), duration data reveals that women with an internal LOC return to employment more quickly than women with an external LOC. We find evidence that this effect is mainly related to differential appreciation of the career costs of longer maternity leave. Given the high level of job protection enjoyed by mothers in Germany, economic consequences of differences in this non-cognitive skill can be expected to be larger in other settings.

Unemployment Determinants for Women in Spain

2000

Spain has one of the highest rates of unemployment among OECD countries. Some explanations for this stress the importance of unemployment duration compared with entry rates to the unemployment pool. Long-term unemployment rates are particularly high among women in Spain. The object of this paper is to investigate the determinants of unemployment duration among women. It will consider personal characteristics (education and age), family background, socio-economic variables (the number of household earners and household income) and the effect of unemployment benefits, using data from the Household Expenditure Survey 1990-91.

Yellow (577 nm) micropulse laser versus half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: results of …

2018

PurposeTo compare the functional and anatomical outcomes of eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy treated with yellow micropulse (MP) laser versus half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT).MethodsThis is a multicentre, retrospective comparative study of 92 eyes treated with yellow MP laser (duty cycle of 5%, zero spacing between spots, spot size varied from 100 to 200 µm, power varied from 320 to 660 mW, and the pulse burst duration was 200 ms) and 67 eyes treated with PDT (half-dose verteporfin (3 mg/m2) infused over 10 min), followed by laser activation for 83 s. Spot sizes varied from 400 to 2000 µm.ResultsIn the MP group, at 12 months of follow-up, the mean best corr…

Long cavity ring fiber mode-locked laser with decreased net value of nonlinear polarization rotation

2019

We investigate a new configuration of a mode-locked fiber laser by using a nonlinear polarization rotation-based design to generate soliton pulses with low repetition rate. Unlike with previously reported configurations, we introduce a Faraday mirror after the first half of the cavity length to counteract the nonlinear polarization rotation effects. The total cavity length is 437 m including a 400-m long twisted SMF-28 fiber. The fiber was twisted to cancel the linear birefringence and to ensure that the polarization ellipticity is not altered as the pulse travels along the fiber. The strict control of polarization yields a stable relation between the polarization state of the pulses propag…