Search results for "dynamics."

showing 10 items of 9637 documents

Towards the first proof of the concept of a Reverse ElectroDialysis - Membrane Distillation Heat Engine

2019

Abstract The coupling of Reverse Electrodialysis with Membrane Distillation is a promising option for the conversion of waste heat into electricity. This study evaluates the performances of the integrated system under different operating conditions, employing validated model and correlations. This work provides a detailed description of the behaviour of a real RED-MD heat engine and indicates the set of inlet concentrations, velocities and equipment size which returns the highest cycle exergy efficiency. These operating conditions were selected for the pilot plant developed within the EU-funded project RED Heat to Power. For the first time, a perspective analysis was also included, consider…

Work (thermodynamics)020209 energyGeneral Chemical EngineeringReverse Electrodialysis Heat EngineMembrane distillation02 engineering and technologyMembrane distillation7. Clean energyWaste heat recovery unitReversed electrodialysisWaste heatReverse electrodialysi0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOsmotic powerGeneral Materials ScienceChemical Engineering (all)Process engineeringSalinity Gradient PowerWaste heat recoveryHeat engineWater Science and Technologybusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringChemistry (all)General Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology6. Clean waterReverse ElectroDialysisExergy efficiencyEnvironmental scienceMaterials Science (all)0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Electronic transport in molecular junctions : The generalized Kadanoff–Baym ansatz with initial contact and correlations

2021

The generalized Kadanoff-Baym ansatz (GKBA) offers a computationally inexpensive approach to simulate out-of-equilibrium quantum systems within the framework of nonequilibrium Green's functions. For finite systems the limitation of neglecting initial correlations in the conventional GKBA approach has recently been overcome [Phys. Rev. B 98, 115148 (2018)]. However, in the context of quantum transport the contacted nature of the initial state, i.e., a junction connected to bulk leads, requires a further extension of the GKBA approach. In this work, we lay down a GKBA scheme which includes initial correlations in a partition-free setting. In practice, this means that the equilibration of the …

Work (thermodynamics)116 Chemical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)Electron010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Statistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrykvanttifysiikkaQuantumAnsatzPhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Settore FIS/03Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics010304 chemical physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)State (functional analysis)0104 chemical sciencesEmbedding
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Thermolytic reverse electrodialysis heat engine: model development, integration and performance analysis

2019

Abstract Salinity gradient heat engines represent an innovative and promising way to convert low-grade heat into electricity by employing salinity gradient technology in a closed-loop configuration. Among the aqueous solutions which can be used as working fluid, ammonium bicarbonate-water solutions appear very promising due to their capability to decompose at low temperature. In this work, an experimentally validated model for a reverse electrodialysis heat engine fed with ammonium bicarbonate-water solutions was developed. The model consists of two validated sub-models purposely integrated, one for the reverse electrodialysis unit and the other for the stripping/absorption regeneration uni…

Work (thermodynamics)Absorption (acoustics)Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciMaterials science020209 energySettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technology7. Clean energyStripping (fiber)020401 chemical engineeringReversed electrodialysis0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0204 chemical engineeringProcess engineeringHeat engineThermolytic salts Salinity gradient heat engine Regeneration unit Reverse electrodialysis Ammonium bicarbonate solutions Waste heat recoveryRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industry6. Clean waterFuel TechnologyMembraneNuclear Energy and EngineeringExergy efficiencyWorking fluidbusinessEnergy Conversion and Management
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Optimizing and Modeling the drying process of the Natural Gas through the Taguchi method

2018

The aim of this study is to highlight the optimization method of the drying process of natural gas, using the Taguchi method. The natural gas undergoes several stages from its extraction until reaching its end consumer. As the natural gas contains several impurities and a certain quantity of water and vapors, the drying process is very important to obtain a product of high quality. Gas dehydration can be obtained through several methods, the method presented here being the absorption method - by use of a drying station with triglycol. This method is considered to be the most convenient one taking into account the obtained results. Nevertheless, cost reducing is the main objective for compan…

Work (thermodynamics)Absorption (acoustics)Taguchi methodsbusiness.industryNatural gasScientific methodEnvironmental scienceExtraction (military)Point (geometry)Process engineeringbusinessTechnical Agreement2018 10th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI)
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Iron’s Wake: The Performance of Quantum Mechanical-Derived Versus General-Purpose Force Fields Tested on a Luminescent Iron Complex

2020

Recently synthetized iron complexes have achieved long-lived excited states and stabilities which are comparable, or even superior, to their ruthenium analogues, thus representing an eco-friendly and cheaper alternative to those materials based on rare metals. Most of computational tools which could help unravel the origin of this large efficiency rely on ab-initio methods which are not able, however, to capture the nanosecond time scale underlying these photophysical processes and the influence of their realistic environment. Therefore, it exists an urgent need of developing new low-cost, but still accurate enough, computational methodologies capable to deal with the steady-state and trans…

Work (thermodynamics)AcetonitrilesLuminescenceIronPharmaceutical ScienceMolecular Dynamics Simulation010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441Molecular dynamicschemical environmentlcsh:Organic chemistry0103 physical sciencesDrug Discoverytime-dependent density functional theory.Statistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryQuantumComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysics010304 chemical physicsSpectrum AnalysisScale (chemistry)Organic ChemistryTime-dependent density functional theoryNanosecond0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrytime-dependent density functional theoryiron complexChemistry (miscellaneous)Excited stateSolventsQuantum TheoryMolecular MedicineLuminescenceIron Compoundsforce field molecular dynamicsMolecules
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Multi-scale optimisation vs. genetic algorithms in the gradient separation of diuretics by reversed-phase liquid chromatography

2019

Abstract Multi-linear gradients are a convenient solution to get separation of complex samples by modulating carefully the gradient slope, in order to accomplish the local selectivity needs for each particular solute cluster. These gradients can be designed by trial-and-error according to the chromatographer experience, but this strategy becomes quickly inappropriate for complex separations. More evolved solutions imply the sequential construction of multi-segmented gradients. However, this strategy discards part of the search space in each step of the construction and, again, cannot deal properly with very complex samples. When the complexity is too large, the only valid alternative for fi…

Work (thermodynamics)AcetonitrilesScale (descriptive set theory)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistrySet (abstract data type)DiureticsSubdivisionChromatography Reverse-PhaseChromatographyChemistryElutionbusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryWaterGeneral MedicineFunction (mathematics)0104 chemical sciencesDistribution (mathematics)SolventsbusinessAlgorithmAlgorithmsLevel of detailJournal of Chromatography A
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The influence of the momentum coefficient and the number of the averaging points of the power spectrum density on the recognition effectiveness of th…

2006

The subject matter of this paper refers to the next stage of the research work connected with the improvement of the acoustic emission method (AE) used for the evaluation of partial discharges (PDs) generated in paper-oil insulation systems of high-voltage power appliances. The subject matter discussed here refers to one of the aspects of the analysis of the signals registered - a correct and effective recognition of the AE signals generated by basic PD forms. The paper presents research results of the application of the unidirectional artificial neuron networks (ANN) used for the recognition of basic PD forms that can occur in paper-oil insulation impaired by aging processes.

Work (thermodynamics)Acoustic emissionComputer scienceArtificial neuronGeneral Physics and AstronomySpectral densityStage (hydrology)Neuron networkTopologyMomentum coefficientPower (physics)Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings)
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Experimental investigation of the relation between H− negative ion density and Lyman-α emission intensity in a microwave discharge

2016

International audience; A new mechanism for producing negative ions in low density and low power hydrogen plasmas was proposed recently. It refers to anion formation due to collisions between hydrogen atoms being in the first excited state. The proposed mechanism was indirectly supported by the quadratic relation observed between the extracted negative ion current and Lyman-α radiation of a filament-driven arc discharge, when borrowed data from the literature were combined. The present work provides experimental data comparing directly the absolute negative ion density and Lyman-α radiation in an ECR-driven hydrogen plasma source. The previously mentioned quadratic relation is not observed …

Work (thermodynamics)Acoustics and UltrasonicsHydrogenchemistry.chemical_elementPlasmaRadiationCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences7. Clean energy010305 fluids & plasmasSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonElectric arcchemistryPhysics::Plasma Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph]Excited state0103 physical sciencesAtomic physics010306 general physicsMicrowave
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Towards Stable Radial Basis Function Methods for Linear Advection Problems

2021

In this work, we investigate (energy) stability of global radial basis function (RBF) methods for linear advection problems. Classically, boundary conditions (BC) are enforced strongly in RBF methods. By now it is well-known that this can lead to stability problems, however. Here, we follow a different path and propose two novel RBF approaches which are based on a weak enforcement of BCs. By using the concept of flux reconstruction and simultaneous approximation terms (SATs), respectively, we are able to prove that both new RBF schemes are strongly (energy) stable. Numerical results in one and two spatial dimensions for both scalar equations and systems are presented, supporting our theoret…

Work (thermodynamics)AdvectionScalar (physics)Numerical Analysis (math.NA)35L65 41A05 41A30 65D05 65M12Stability (probability)Computational Mathematics10123 Institute of Mathematics510 MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationPath (graph theory)FOS: MathematicsApplied mathematicsRadial basis functionBoundary value problemMathematics - Numerical Analysis2605 Computational MathematicsEnergy (signal processing)Mathematics2611 Modeling and Simulation1703 Computational Theory and Mathematics
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Partial discharge tests using CIGRE method II

2000

In this paper, the results of an experimental project on insulating material aging, performed in both Denmark and Italy, are reported. This study was concerned with partial discharge (PD) behavior at temperatures between 30 and 80/spl deg/C using CIGRE method II. The material tested was a commercial polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) which was chosen not for its good dielectric properties but rather because much of its discharge resistance data at ambient temperature is already well documented. A description is given of the theoretical and experimental methodology followed in this work. Mixed Weibull analysis techniques in terms of the PD amplitude and phase distribution characteristics were emp…

Work (thermodynamics)AmplitudeMaterials sciencePhase (matter)Electric breakdownPartial dischargeLife timeElectronic engineeringDielectricElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComposite materialWeibull distributionIEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation
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