Search results for "economic status"

Exposure to COVID-19 during the First and the Second Wave of the Pandemic and Coronavirus-Related PTSD Risk among University Students from Six Countr…

2021

This study aimed to reveal differences in exposure to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the first (W1) and the second (W2) waves of the pandemic in six countries among university students and to show the prevalence and associations between exposure to COVID-19 and coronavirus-related post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) risk during W2. The repeated cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from Germany, Poland, Russia, Slovenia, Turkey, and Ukraine (W1: n = 1684; W2: n = 1741). Eight items measured exposure to COVID-19 (regarding COVID-19 symptoms, testing, hospitalizing quarantine, infected relatives, death of relatives, job loss, and worsening economic status due …

Prosocial development from childhood to adolescence: a multi-informant perspective with Canadian and Italian longitudinal studies.

2009

Objectives:  To longitudinally describe prosocial behaviour development from childhood to adolescence, using multiple informants within Canadian and Italian samples. Method:  Participants in Study 1 were 1037 boys from low socioeconomic status (SES) areas in Montreal, Canada, for whom yearly teacher and mother reports were obtained between the ages of 10 and 15. Participants in Study 2 were 472 children (209 girls) from Genzano, Italy, for whom yearly self and teacher reports were obtained between the ages of 10 and 14. Developmental trajectories were estimated from ratings by each informant to identify subgroups of children following distinct courses of prosocial development. Results:  In …

2020

Background: Physical activity (PA) of higher intensity and longer duration mainly accumulates from older adults' out-of-home activities. Outdoor PA is influenced by environmental features; however, the day-to-day variability of PA and its associations with environmental features have not been widely studied. This study focused on the associations of environmental features with accelerometer-measured PA in older people on weekdays and weekend days. Methods: The study population comprised 167 community-dwelling older people aged 75-90 years. Accelerometers were worn on 7 consecutive days and a structured interview on physical functioning, health, and socioeconomic factors was administered. A …

Pap Testing in a High-Income Country with Suboptimal Compliance Levels: A Survey on Acceptance Factors among Sicilian Women

2018

Cervical cancer screening is uncommon, especially in low-income countries and among lower socioeconomic status people in high-income countries. The aims of this study were to examine the adherence of Sicilian women to Pap testing and to identify the determinants of this in a population with a secondary prevention attitude lower than high-income countries and the national average. A cross-sectional study called &ldquo

Stress With Parents and Peers: How Adolescents From Six Nations Cope With Relationship Stress

2013

This study investigated how 2000 adolescents from middle-class families in six countries perceived and coped with parent-related and peer-related stress. Adolescents from Costa Rica, Korea, and Turkey perceived parent-related stress to be greater than peer-related stress, whereas stress levels in both relationship types were similar in the Czech Republic, Germany, and Pakistan. Female adolescents predominantly reported higher levels of peer-related stress than male adolescents. Adolescents in all countries used negotiating and support-seeking to cope with relationship stress more often than emotional outlet or withdrawal. Withdrawal occurred more often to deal with parent-related than with …

Involvement in sedentary activities and academic performance in adolescents: differences according to sociodemographic variables /Implicación en acti…

2016

AbstractThis study provides a first-time analysis of the differences in the time dedicated each day to different sedentary activities (SA) (productive, technology-based recreation and social activities) and their relation with the academic performance of Spanish adolescents according to sex, school year and socioeconomic status (SES). The sample was made up of 681 participants (50.2% girls), between 12 and 18 years old, who completed self-reported questionnaires. The likelihood of obtaining lower levels of academic success increase in adolescents who spend two or more hours on social SAs and have a lower SES. With boys, this increases further if they spend four or more hours on SAs involvin…

Cuerpos, mujeres y embarazo en imágenes online. Fotografías en álbumes privados y en campañas del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación en Argentina

2018

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar entrevistas realizadas a 30 mujeres de 21 a 40 años de edad de sectores socioeconómicos medios y bajos y un corpus de sus fotografías publicadas online durante el proceso de su embarazo, poniéndolo en diálogo con las fotografías online del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación de campañas de cuidados de salud en el embarazo en Argentina. Nos interesa analizar ese recorte de la realidad, ese lugar donde se quiere echar luz, que implica la fotografía; sobre todo para poder identificar, analizar y comprender lo que se dejó afuera de ese recorte, lo que se intenta invisibilizar. Nuestros hallazgos dan cuenta de un proceso de fragmentación y jerarquización del…

Parental expectations and prosocial behavior of adolescents from low-income backgrounds. A cross-cultural comparison between three countries: Argenti…

2014

Parental expectations are influenced by cultural models, which in turn are subject to a great influence from historically fluctuating features of the socioeconomic background. Parental expectations seem to be linked to children’s social and emotional development in terms of empathy and prosocial behavior. The current study aims to (a) compare low-income adolescents’ perceptions of parental expectations of prosocial and antisocial behavior across three Latin countries (Argentina, Colombia, and Spain), (b) compare the empathy and prosocial behavior between the three countries, (c) compare the prosocial behavior between the three countries, and (d) study the effect of perceived parental expect…

: Looking through the gaps of the digital divide in Higher education

2007

A partir de una muestra de 719 estudiantes de la Universidad de Chile en 2004, este artículo analiza las diferencias existentes respecto de capitales culturales materiales e incorporados relacionados con el acceso y uso de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación (NTICs). Bajo diferentes métodos de análisis cuantitativo se pone de manifiesto la existencia de niveles de brecha digital para tales herramientas, brecha que estaría relacionada especialmente al género pero también a la condición socioeconómica. Esta última variable, aunque presente, muestra efectos más bien indirectos no pareciendo influir en las actitudes y disposiciones de los estudiantes respecto al uso de las N…

Differences in Life Expectancy Between Self-Employed Workers and Paid Employees when Retirement Pensioners: Evidence from Spanish Social Security Rec…

2021

The aim of this paper is to examine differences in life expectancy (LE) between self-employed (SE) and paid employee (PE) workers when they become retirement pensioners, looking at levels of pension income using administrative data from Spanish social security records. We draw on the Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL) to quantify changes in total life expectancy at age 65 (LE(65)) among retired men over the longest possible period covered by this data source: 2005–2018. These changes are broken down by pension regime and initial pension income level for three periods. The literature presents mixed evidence, even for the same country–for Japan and Italy, for example–with some studies …