Search results for "edge"
showing 10 items of 3866 documents
Muon spin rotation studies in single crystals of Zn and Cd
1981
A new beamline for energy-dispersive high-resolution PIXE analysis using polycapillary optics
2019
Abstract A new beamline for high energy resolution PIXE measurements is presented. This new setup includes options for both in-air and vacuum measurements. For the high energy resolution transition-edge sensor array, a polycapillary lens is used for detecting low-energy X-rays down to 0.5 keV and to increase the effective solid angle. X-ray transmission of the polycapillary lens was characterized using two calibration standards. The gain obtained by adding a polycapillary lens was 1.6–2.3 at energies between 2.1 keV and 4.5 keV. From 1.04 to 1.74 keV the gain is increased to 2.1–3.0, and at energies 4.9–8.0 keV the gain is between 1.6 and 0.65. The measured gain agreed well with theoretical…
Quantitative analysis of rhenium in irradiated tungsten
2021
Abstract Pure tungsten (W), irradiated to 3.5 dpa in a target of the Swiss neutron spallation source (SINQ), was characterized using high-sensitivity HPGe gamma ray spectroscopy to identify the present radionuclides. Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of Re produced in the irradiated W. An atomic concentration of 0.61% Re in the irradiated W was determined from the height of the L3-edge X-ray absorption edge jump. Analysis of the local atomic structure from the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra indicates that rhenium (Re) produced in the system is mainly coordinated by W atoms and partly coordinated by void defects. First-princip…
UV–VUV laser induced phenomena in SiO2 glass
2004
Abstract Creation and annihilation of point defects were studied for SiO2 glass exposed to ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum UV (VUV) lights to improve transparency and radiation toughness of SiO2 glass to UV–VUV laser light. Topologically disordered structure of SiO2 glass featured by the distribution of SiOSi angle is a critical factor degrading transmittance near the fundamental absorption edge. Doping with terminal functional groups enhances the structural relaxation and reduces the number of strained SiOSi bonds by breaking up the glass network without creating the color centers. Transmittance and laser toughness of SiO2 glass for F2 laser is greatly improved in fluorine-doped SiO2 glass…
Effect of atomic vibrations in XANES: polarization-dependent damping of the fine structure at the Cu K-edge of (creat)2CuCl4
2016
Polarization-dependent damping of the fine structure in the CuK-edge spectrum of creatinium tetrachlorocuprate [(creat)2CuCl4] in the X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) region is shown to be due to atomic vibrations. These vibrations can be separated into two groups, depending on whether the respective atoms belong to the same molecular block; individual molecular blocks can be treated as semi-rigid entities while the mutual positions of these blocks are subject to large mean relative displacements. The effect of vibrations can be efficiently included in XANES calculations by using the same formula as for static systems but with a modified free-electron propagator which accounts f…
The πd scattering length from Kα X-rays
1974
Abstract X-rays from the K α transition (2P → 1S) of the π − d mesic atom have been observed. Their energy, 2592.8 −2.0 +1.6 , has been measured by the critical absorber technique, using the M V absorption edge in bismuth. The strong interaction shift in the 1S state is −4.8 eV, corresponding to a scattering length a ( π d) = −(0.052 −0.017 +0.022 ) m π −1 , in agreement with recent calculations. The intensity ratio K α /K total = 0.548 ± 0.015.
Monotonic solution of heterogeneous anisotropic diffusion problems
2013
Anisotropic problems arise in various areas of science and engineering, for example groundwater transport and petroleum reservoir simulations. The pure diffusive anisotropic time-dependent transport problem is solved on a finite number of nodes, that are selected inside and on the boundary of the given domain, along with possible internal boundaries connecting some of the nodes. An unstructured triangular mesh, that attains the Generalized Anisotropic Delaunay condition for all the triangle sides, is automatically generated by properly connecting all the nodes, starting from an arbitrary initial one. The control volume of each node is the closed polygon given by the union of the midpoint of…
Ethische Entscheidungen am Lebensende - Kenntnisstand und Einstellungen Medizinstudierender
2004
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Arzte werden haufig mit ethischen und rechtlichen Fragestellungen am Ende des Lebens konfrontiert. In dieser Studie wurden Medizinstudierende in Mainz und Berlin zu Kenntnissen der Richtlinien der Bundesarztekammer (BAK) zur Sterbebegleitung, zur moralischen Haltung und rechtlichen Einschatzung bei der Begrenzung medizinischer Masnahmen sowie zur Beurteilung der medizinischen Ausbildung im Hinblick auf diese Fragestellungen befragt. Methodik: 569 Studierende am Fachbereich Medizin der Universitat Mainz im 1. und 4. klinischen Semester und im 3. Tertial des Praktischen Jahres (PJ) sowie im 5. Studienjahr an der Berliner Charite erhielten einen Fragebogen zu eth…
The Assessment of Professionalism for Ambulance Personnel – Problems and Challenges
2015
The purpose of this paper is to clarify whether annual knowledge testing at a work place promotes Ambulance professionals for personnel development, and if it providesthe possibility to assess personnel’s competence and professionalism. The results of 1693 ambulance personnel’s annual knowledge testing in years 2011, 2012,2013 are analysed in the research. The results obtainedreflect that in all stages knowledge improves, but there are not possibility to assess personnel’s competence and professionalism for building personnel development programs in the future.
2021
The aim of this study was to provide information on energy availability (EA), macronutrient intake, nutritional periodization practices, and nutrition knowledge in young female cross-country skiers. A total of 19 skiers filled in weighted food and training logs before and during a training camp. Nutrition knowledge was assessed via a validated questionnaire. EA was optimal in 11% of athletes at home (mean 33.7 ± 9.6 kcal·kgFFM−1·d−1) and in 42% at camp (mean 40.3 ± 17.3 kcal·kgFFM−1·d−1). Most athletes (74%) failed to meet recommendations for carbohydrate intake at home (mean 5.0 ± 1.2 g·kg−1·d−1) and 63% failed to do so at camp (mean 7.1 ± 1.6 g·kg−1·d−1). The lower threshold of the pre-ex…