Search results for "electron"

showing 10 items of 24810 documents

Hydrodynamic Modeling of Transport and Noise Phenomena in Bipolar Two-Terminal Silicon Structures

1998

International audience

010302 applied physicsNoise temperatureMaterials scienceSiliconMechanical EngineeringShot noisechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph]NoisechemistryTerminal (electronics)Mechanics of Materials0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringGeneral Materials Science[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]0210 nano-technologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMaterials Science Forum
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Creation and thermal annealing of structural defects in neutron-irradiated MgAl 2 O 4 single crystals

2018

Abstract Several novel hole-type defects (a hole localized at a regular oxygen ion near a negatively charged structural defect) have been revealed in fast neutron irradiated MgAl2O4 crystals using the EPR method. The pulse annealing of the EPR signal of these centers was compared to that of radiation induced optical absorption in the same crystals. Taking into account the determined models of V1, V2 and V22 paramagnetic centers, the tentative scenario of the thermal annealing process of neutron-induced defects (hole-type and complementary electron F-type ones) is proposed. In addition, one more paramagnetic hole center consisting of an Al|Mg as-grown antisite defect near an aluminum vacancy…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenachemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyParamagnetismchemistrylawAluminiumVacancy defect0103 physical sciencesNeutronIrradiation0210 nano-technologyElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Analysis of thin high-k and silicide films by means of heavy ion time-of-flight forward-scattering spectrometry

2006

The use of forward scattered heavy incident ions in combination with a time-of-flight-energy telescope provides a powerful tool for the analysis of very thin (5–30 nm) films. This is because of greater stopping powers and better detector energy resolution for heavier ions than in conventional He-RBS. Because of the forward scattering angle, the sensitivity is greatly enhanced, thus reducing the ion beam induced desorption during the analysis of very thin films. The drawback of forward scattering angle is the limited mass separation for target elements. We demonstrate the performance of the technique with the analysis of 25 nm thick NiSi films and atomic layer deposited 6 nm thick HfxSiyOz f…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceIon beamSiliconbusiness.industryScatteringForward scatterchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences7. Clean energyIonElastic recoil detectionTime of flightchemistry0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsAtomic physicsThin film0210 nano-technologybusinessInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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EPR and optical spectroscopy of neutron-irradiated Gd3Ga5O12 single crystals

2020

Abstract In this paper, we have performed comparative analysis of EPR, optical absorption (OA) and luminescence spectra for a series of Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) single crystals irradiated with fast neutrons with fluencies varied from 1016 to 1020n/cm2. In a crystal irradiated with the maximum neutron fluence, the EPR spectra demonstrated the formation of several paramagnetic defects. In particular, EPR spectrum shows a strong resonance at (effective) g ≈ 1.4 with practically isotropic behavior in the crystal rotation around the [1 1 1] direction (magnetic field being perpendicular to [1 1 1]) and several weaker lines in the g ≈ 1.1–2.6 region, which show more pronounced angular dependences. While th…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceResonance02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsNeutron temperaturelaw.inventionCrystalParamagnetismlaw0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technologySpectroscopyLuminescenceElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Comparison of Single Event Transients Generated at Four Pulsed-Laser Test Facilities-NRL, IMS, EADS, JPL

2012

Four pulsed-laser single-event effects systems, differing in wavelength and pulse width, were used to generate single event transients in a large-area silicon photodiode and an operational amplifier (LM124) to determine how transient amplitude and charge collection varied among the different systems. The optical wavelength and the focused spot size are the primary factors influencing the resultant charge density profile. In the large-area photodiode the transients can be distorted by high charge-injection densities that occur for tightly focused, higher energy optical pulses. When the incident laser-pulse energies are corrected for reflection losses and photon efficiency, with collection de…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePhotonta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryTransistorLaser01 natural sciences7. Clean energy[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronicslaw.inventionPhotodiodeSemiconductor laser theoryWavelengthOpticsNuclear Energy and Engineeringlaw0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsTransient (oscillation)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessPulse-width modulationIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Charge breeding time investigations of electron cyclotron resonance charge breeders

2018

To qualify electron cyclotron resonance charge breeders, the method that is traditionally used to evaluate the charge breeding time consists in generating a rising edge of the injected beam current and measuring the time in which the extracted multicharged ion beam reaches 90% of its final current. It is demonstrated in the present paper that charge breeding times can be more accurately measured by injecting short pulses of 1 + ions and recording the time resolved responses of N + ions. This method is used to probe the effect of the 1 + ion accumulation in the plasma known to disturb the buffer gas plasma equilibrium and is a step further in understanding the large discrepancies reported in…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)ta114syklotronit[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]electronsCharge (physics)Surfaces and Interfacesresonanssielektronit7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesElectron cyclotron resonance010305 fluids & plasmasresonance0103 physical sciencescharge breederslcsh:QC770-798lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityAtomic physicscyclotronsReview Articles
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Comparison of the F-type center thermal annealing in heavy-ion and neutron irradiated Al2O3 single crystals

2018

Abstract The optical absorption and thermally stimulated luminescence of Al2O3 (sapphire) single crystals irradiated with swift heavy ions (SHI) 238U with energy 2.4 GeV is studied with the focus on the thermal annealing of the F-type centers in a wide temperature range of 400–1500 K. Its theoretical analysis allows us to obtain activation energies and pre-exponentials of the interstitial oxygen ion migration, which recombine with both types of immobile electron centers (F and F+ centers). A comparison of these kinetics parameters with literature data for a neutron-irradiated sapphire shows their similarity and thus supports the use of SHI-irradiation for modeling the neutron irradiation.

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technologyElectronAtmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesIonCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesSapphireNeutronIrradiation0210 nano-technologyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LuminescenceInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Stopping cross-section measurements of 4He in TiN1.1O0.27

2000

Abstract The stopping cross-section for 4He projectiles in TiNx compounds has been measured using the backscattering method. A multi-compound marker layer deposited between the test film and the substrate was used to obtain the stopping cross-section at several energies with one energy of the incident beam. Two RBS spectra at definite tilt angles of the sample are taken for each beam energy. The assistance of computer codes to synthesize RBS spectra is very useful to obtain the pertinent information from the displacements of the peaks of the marker layers. Stopping cross-section values are obtained with an estimated uncertainty of about 6%.

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceProjectile02 engineering and technologySubstrate (electronics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSpectral lineCross section (physics)Tilt (optics)0103 physical sciencesAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationLayer (electronics)Beam energyEnergy (signal processing)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Radiation resistance of nanolayered silicon nitride capacitors

2020

Abstract Single-layered and multi-layered 20–60 nm thick silicon nitride (Si3N4) dielectric nanofilms were fabricated using a low-pressure chemical vapour deposition (LPCVD) method. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed less oxygen content in the multi-layered nanofilms. The capacitors with Si3N4 multilayer demonstrated a tendency to a higher breakdown voltage compared to the capacitors with Si3N4 single layer. Si3N4 nanofilms and capacitors with Si3N4 dielectric were exposed to 1 kGy dose of gamma photons. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis showed that no modifications of the chemical bonds of Si3N4 were present after irradiation. Also, gamma irradiation…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industry02 engineering and technologyDielectricChemical vapor deposition021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCapacitancelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundCapacitorSilicon nitridechemistrylaw0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsBreakdown voltageIrradiation0210 nano-technologybusinessInstrumentationRadiation resistanceNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Mechanisms of Electron-Induced Single-Event Upsets in Medical and Experimental Linacs

2018

In this paper, we perform an in-depth analysis of the single-event effects observed during testing at medical electron linacs and an experimental high-energy electron linac. For electron irradiations, the medical linacs are most commonly used due to their availability and flexibility. Whereas previous efforts were made to characterize the cross sections at higher energies, where the nuclear interaction cross section is higher, the focus of this paper is on the complete overview of relevant electron energies. Irradiations at an electron linac were made with two different devices, with a large difference in feature size. The irradiations at an experimental linac were performed with varying en…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceta114010308 nuclear & particles physicselectronsElectron linacElectronhiukkaskiihdyttimetelektronitparticle accelerators01 natural sciencesLinear particle acceleratorNuclear physicsNuclear interactionradiation physicsCross section (physics)säteilyfysiikkaNuclear Energy and Engineering0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEvent (particle physics)IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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