Search results for "encoding"

Some thoughts about the conceptual / procedural distinction in translation: a key-logging and eye-tracking study of processing effort

2014

This article builds on the conceptual / procedural distinction postulated by Relevance Theory to investigate processing effort in translation task execution. Drawing on relevance-theoretic assumptions, it assumes that instances related to procedural encodings will require more effortful processing not only in relation to the time spent on the task but also in terms of product indicators such as seconds per word and number of micro translation units per word. Drawing on key-logging and eye-tracking data, the article shows that there are statistically significant differences when conceptual and procedural encodings are analysed in selected areas of interest, with instances related to procedur…

Pragmatics of fraus: Encoding and Decoding of Deceit in Seneca’s Troades and Thyestes

2020

The paper aims at exploring the most relevant strategies of encoding and decoding of fraus and simulatio in Seneca’s tragedies, especially in Troades and Thyestes, from both a pragmatic and a dramaturgical point of view. In this perspective, it also provides a working definition of fraus, having regard to the Roman cultural categories involved in the communication dynamics portrayed by Seneca.

2016

The neural systems supporting speech and sign processing are very similar, although not identical. In a previous fTCD study of hearing native signers (Gutierrez-Sigut, Daws, et al., 2015) we found stronger left lateralization for sign than speech. Given that this increased lateralization could not be explained by hand movement alone, the contribution of motor movement versus ‘linguistic’ processes to the strength of hemispheric lateralization during sign production remains unclear. Here we directly contrast lateralization strength of covert versus overt signing during phonological and semantic fluency tasks. To address the possibility that hearing native signers’ elevated lateralization ind…

Grandmother cells: much ado about nothing

2016

International audience; We do not dispute the possibility of the existence in the brain of “grandmother cells”, which are very finely tuned neurons that fire only in the presence of specific objects or categories. However, we question the causal efficacy of such neurons at the functional or behaviour level. We claim that, even though very familiar items, such as “my grandmother”, may well have associated grandmother neurons, these neurons have very little, or no impact on the actual recognition of my grandmother. A study by Thomas, Van Hulle, and Vogels [(2002). Encoding of categories by noncategory-specific neurons in the inferior temporal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13, 190…

Aproximación al léxico del turismo activo: codificación lexicográfica, formación y variación denominativa

2015

En el presente artículo se describe el léxico que conforma el llamado turismo activo del español europeo y se analiza desde tres puntos de vista: su codificación lexicográfica, contrastando el diccionario de la Real Academia Española con diccionarios descriptivos; la formación de sus unidades, que abarca el fenómeno del préstamo y los distintos mecanismos de creación de palabras; y, en tercer lugar, la variación formal y denominativa que caracteriza este vocabulario. El corpus de voces y de muestras de uso ha sido extraído de Internet, en concreto de determinadas fuentes legislativas disponibles en la red y de diferentes páginas web promocionales. Igualmente, se han tomado como referencia d…

Two maintenance mechanisms of verbal information in working memory

2009

Abstract The present study evaluated the interplay between two mechanisms of maintenance of verbal information in working memory, namely articulatory rehearsal as described in Baddeley’s model, and attentional refreshing as postulated in Barrouillet and Camos’s Time-Based Resource-Sharing (TBRS) model. In four experiments using complex span paradigm, we manipulated the degree of articulatory suppression and the attentional load of the processing component to affect orthogonally the two mechanisms of maintenance. In line with previous neurophysiological evidence reported in the literature, behavioral results suggest that articulatory rehearsal and attentional refreshing are two independent m…

Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Enhances Recognition Memory in Alzheimer’s Dis…

2019

Background: The lack of effective pharmacological or behavioral interventions for memory impairments associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) emphasizes the need for the investigation of approaches based on neuromodulation. Objective: This study examined the effects of inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of prefrontal cortex on recognition memory in AD patients. Methods: In a first experiment, 24 mild AD patients received sham and real 1Hz rTMS over the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), in different sessions, between encoding and retrieval phases of a non-verbal recognition memory task. In a second experiment, another group of 14 AD patients u…

The default mode network and the working memory network are not anti-correlated during all phases of a working memory task

2015

INTRODUCTION:\ud \ud The default mode network and the working memory network are known to be anti-correlated during sustained cognitive processing, in a load-dependent manner. We hypothesized that functional connectivity among nodes of the two networks could be dynamically modulated by task phases across time.\ud METHODS:\ud \ud To address the dynamic links between default mode network and the working memory network, we used a delayed visuo-spatial working memory paradigm, which allowed us to separate three different phases of working memory (encoding, maintenance, and retrieval), and analyzed the functional connectivity during each phase within and between the default mode network and the …

Interrogator intonation and memory encoding performance.

2019

Based on recent findings that interrogator intonation can enhance interrogative suggestibility during recall phases, the present study tested influences of interrogator intonation on memory performance even as early as at the encoding stage. We experimentally manipulated interrogator intonation during encoding of a story to be recalled in immediate and delayed subsequent memory tests (Experiment 1, N = 50). As expected, a symmetrically structuring vs. an isolating-emphasizing speaking style generally increased the amount of freely recalled details. In a more fine-grained experiment (N = 50), we additionally manipulated emphasized story details and tested recall rates for peripheral, neutral…

The role of the prefrontal cortex in familiarity and recollection processes during verbal and non verbal recognition memory: a rTMS study.

2010

Neuroimaging and lesion studies have documented the involvement of the frontal lobes in recognition memory. However, the precise nature of prefrontal contributions to verbal and non-verbal memory and to familiarity and recollection processes remains unclear. The aim of the current rTMS study was to investigate for the first time the role of the DLPFC in encoding and retrieval of non-verbal and verbal memoranda and its contribution to recollection and familiarity processes. Recollection and familiarity processes were studied using the ROC and unequal variance signal detection methodologies. We found that rTMS delivered over left and right DLPFC at encoding resulted in material specific later…