Search results for "enfants"
showing 10 items of 59 documents
La protection des droits des enfants dans les conflits armés
2017
The protection of children's rights a victim of armed conflict is a recent and current problem which is based on the evolution of human rights and the changing nature of conflicts. It raises the question of the existence of an international legal framework consisting capable of providing protection and assistance to child plagued by hostilities. On this point, it appears that international law provides a set of legal mechanisms applicable to the child, whether direct or indirect victim of the conflict, or participate directly in hostilities. Today too many children die each day due to conflict, disease, malnutrition too are exploited and do not have the opportunity to take classes in a scho…
4-11 ans et difficultés à apprendre : repérer, proposer, accompagner
2010
National audience; A partir d'exemples, l'ouvrage note les points communs qu'ont les élèves en difficulté scolaire, ce qui permet la construction de profils et une meilleure compréhension des difficultés pour une meilleure remédiation. Les difficultés liées au manque de maîtrise de la langue rendent les apprentissages difficiles et induisent des comportements parfois bloquants. Cet ouvrage s'appuie sur des observations en milieu scolaire et fournit des propositions concrètes d'actions personnalisées ou collectives.
Poverty and mortality of children under five in Niger : trends 1998-2012
2021
Questions of the well-being of populations in general, and in particular health, have raised global interest for several decades. By way of illustration One of the missions of the 1948 constitution, namely "to advance action in favor of the health and well-being of mothers and children". The various international conferences from Almata –Ata (1978) to that of New York 2000 for the Millennium Development Goals and the Sustainable Development Goals of 2015 have reiterated and emphasized the aspects of health and poverty. Niger, a country located in sub-Saharan Africa, continental and landlocked, one of the largest countries in West Africa with 1,267,000 km2, has subscribed to all these intern…
A categorization and executive functions approach of food rejection in young children
2021
Food neophobia and pickiness are two strong psychological obstacles to young children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables, which are necessary components of a diet that facilitates normal and healthy development. It is therefore of critical importance to investigate the cognitive underpinnings of these two kinds of food rejection to promote the adoption of healthy eating behaviors. Food acceptance and rejection appear to be partly conditioned by children’s knowledge of the food domain. Knowledge allows children to recognize a given food, categorize it, and make inference-based decisions on its properties and possible consequences of consumption. Underdeveloped knowledge may cause food st…
ESCOLARIZACIÓN, TRABAJO INFANTIL Y SATISFACCIÓN LABORAL: EVIDENCIA PARA ETIOPÍA
2012
En ligne sur http://www.staragon.com/revecap/revista/numeros/58/pdf/gamero_lassibille.pdf; International audience; Tomando como referencia Etiopía, este artículo investiga, en el marco de un modelo probit bivariante, cuáles son los factores que influyen en las probabilidades de que un niño trabaje o siga escolarizado. Los resultados muestran que el trabajo infantil desplaza efectivamente a la demanda de educación y sugieren que prohibir el trabajo infantil, para romper la competencia que se ejerce entre la educación y el empleo, podría perpetuar el nivel de pobreza de las generaciones futuras. Por otro lado, se analizan los factores de los que depende su satisfacción laboral, poniendo espec…
Explicit and implicit tasks for assessing hedonic-versus nutrition-based attitudes towards food in French children
2015
Attitudes are important precursors of behaviours. This study aims to compare the food attitudes (i.e., hedonic- and nutrition-based) of children using both an implicit pairing task and an explicit forced-choice categorization task suitable for the cognitive abilities of 5- to 11-year-olds. A dominance of hedonically driven attitudes was expected for all ages in the pairing task, designed to elicit affective and spontaneous answers, whereas a progressive emergence of nutrition-based attitudes was expected in the categorization task, designed to involve deliberate analyses of the costs/benefits of foods. An additional exploratory goal was to evaluate differences in the attitudes of normal and…
Maternal and paternal feeding practices : links with young children’s eating behaviours and influencing factors : a systemic approach.
2021
Parents play a key role in the development of children’s eating preferences and behaviours. This doctoral project aimed to gain more insight into the feeding practices mothers and fathers use for pre-schoolers in France and Denmark. Four studies, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, were conducted to study the links between maternal and paternal feeding practices/styles and child eating behaviours, possible predictors of parental feeding and portioning practices, and gender differences in feeding practices and parental involvement in child feeding. Special attention was also paid to cultural influences and how changes in the context (due to the COVID-19 pandemic) can influence ea…
The Lasting Influences of Early Food-Related Variety Experience: A Longitudinal Study of Vegetable Acceptance from 5 Months to 6 Years in Two Populat…
2016
International audience; Children's vegetable consumption falls below current recommendations, highlighting the need to identify strategies that can successfully promote better acceptance of vegetables. Recently, experimental studies have reported promising interventions that increase acceptance of vegetables. The first, offering infants a high variety of vegetables at weaning, increased acceptance of new foods, including vegetables. The second, offering an initially disliked vegetable at 8 subsequent meals markedly increased acceptance for that vegetable. So far, these effects have been shown to persist for at least several weeks. We now present follow-up data at 15 months, 3 and 6 years ob…
Maintaining information in Short-Term Memory between 2 and 6 years old of age : temporal forgetting and helping in maintaining the goal
2014
Working memory is an essential component of thought that is highly involved in learning and academic achievement. However, it is rarely studied in preschoolers, mainly because of a lack of suitable paradigms. Therefore, this thesis investigated the functioning of working memory in children between 2 and 6 years. For this purpose, two original paradigms were used. They were designed to be close to game situations which should help young children to focus their attention on the task. Firstly it was shown that the recall performance decreased over time, even in the absence of an interfering task. Children of this age therefore use a passive maintenance, i.e. without spontaneously implementing …
Molecular analysis of enteric viruses circulating in Tunisia : relationships between blood group antigens and rotavirus and norovirus infectivity
2015
Rotavirus and norovirus are the main aetiological agents of gastroenteritis in Tunisia. Stool specimens and saliva were collected from children younger than 6 years of age, admitted to the Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital (Monastir, Tunisia) for gastroenteritis during the winter 2011-12. Saliva analysis showed that 79% and 21% patients had secretor and non-secretor phenotypes, respectively. Group O blood type was predominant (42%) followed by groups A (30%), B (21%) and AB (7%), whilst 96% of the patients were positive for Lewis antigen. For 98 patients, blood samples were available and were used for FUT2 genotyping. 77.6% of the cohort were secretor (Se+/Se+ and Se+/se-) and 22.4% were non-secr…