Search results for "environmental factor"
showing 10 items of 47 documents
The case for strategic international alliances to harness nutritional genomics for public and personal health
2005
Nutrigenomics is the study of how constituents of the diet interact with genes, and their products, to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolise these constituents into nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactive compounds. Results from molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that dietary unbalance can alter gene-nutrient interactions in ways that increase the risk of developing chronic disease. The interplay of human genetic variation and environmental factors will make identifying causative genes and nutrients a formidable, but not intractable, challenge. We provide specific recommendations for how to best meet this challenge and discuss the need …
Personal, social, and environmental factors associated with lifejacket wear in adults and children: A systematic literature review.
2018
© 2018 Peden et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Objective Drowning claims 7% of the global burden of injury-related deaths. Lifejackets are routinely recommended as a drowning prevention strategy; however, a review of related factors regarding lifejacket wear has not previously been investigated. Methods This systematic review examined literature published from inception to December 2016 in English and German languages. The personal, social, and environmental factors associated with lif…
Effects of temperature, salinity and food level on the life history traits of the marine rotifer Synchaera cecilia valentina, n. subsp.
1997
A strain of the marine rotifer Synchaeta cecilia valentina, n. subsp., isolated from the Hondo of Elche Spanish Mediterranean coastal lagoon at 22%o salinity, was cultured in the laboratory in 20 ml test tubes and fed with the alga Tetraselmis suecica. The effect of two temperatures (20 and 24°C), four salinities (20,25,30 and 37%o) and two food levels (15 000 and 25 000 cells ml-1) on the life history traits of this rotifer were studied in life tables performed with replicated individual cultures. Temper- ature and salinity had a significant negative effect (P < 0.001) on the average lifespan (LS) and on the number of offspring per female (RQ). The effect of food level on LS is unclear, wh…
Multivariate-Analysis of Phytoplankton and Related Environmental-Factors, in a Shallow Hypertrophic Lake
1995
Data on some relevant environmental variables and phytoplankton species composition, collected from the hypertrophic shallow lake Albufera of Valencia (Spain) during 1980-88, were examined using Redundancy Analysis (RDA). The hydrological cycle of the lake is manipulated for rice cultivation in the area. Seasonality and the particular hydrological cycle of the lake were the principal factors influencing long-term phytoplankton dynamics. Annual or horizontal differences were less important than the seasonal factor. However, a trend of phosphate increase and underwater illumination decrease was observed between 1980 and 1988. These changes might be related to some species year-to-year variati…
Geographical variation in egg size of the Great Tit Parus major: a new perspective
2002
A recent study on geographical variation in egg size of Great Tits Parus major concluded that: (1) mean egg size tended to increase with increasing latitude; and (2) mean egg size was positively correlated with mean clutch size. Including new data on both egg and clutch size, we reanalysed the relationships between egg size, clutch size and latitude, and investigated the possible effects of habitat type, female body size and egg shape on these relationships. We found that (1) egg volume showed minimum values around 51 ° N, increasing both north and southwards; (2) female body size increased linearly with increasing latitude; (3) female body size was positively correlated with egg breadth, b…
Effect of deicing salts on urban soils and health status of roadside trees in the Opole region.
2004
This article reports on a study whose aim was to evaluate the impact of snow removal salts on urban soil properties and the health of roadside trees. The evaluation was done by chemical analyses of soil samples and plant matter combined with toxicity testing, performed with a Protoxkit F, a protozoan microbiotest. Samples were collected at 45 locations on three main roads in the town of Opole (Poland). The roads differed in the snow removal technology and amount of chemical substances (mostly NaCI) used on them during the winter. The study showed that when soil was exposed to a high level of NaCI, it tended to be more alkaline and also exhibited increased content of Na + and Cl - . The toxi…
An evaluation of the environmental factors for supply chain strategy decisions using grey systems and composite indicators
2020
[EN] The purpose of this work is to assess the importance of environmental factors in a supply chain with four partners as a preliminary step to select the competitive strategies and objectives. To achieve this purpose, a real case study was carried out in a footwear supply chain, in which two approaches were used: the grey system theory and uncertainty analysis tools for composite indicators. In order to validate both approaches, a seven-phase research methodology was developed and applied to our case study. In addition, the priorization of environmental factors was calculated individually for each partner. The results allow managers to establish the competitive strategy that best suits th…
Childhood trauma and substance use underlying psychosis: a systematic review
2020
[EN] Background: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are mental diseases caused by a combination of genetic susceptibility and a number of environmental factors. Among these factors, the role of traumatic events suffered in childhood, as well as that of substance use, have been of particular research interest. Objectives: To conduct a systematic review to clarify whether there is an interaction between childhood trauma and substance use related to the diagnosis or symptoms of SSD. It was also the objective of this review to collate the associations that may exist between the three variables of the study (trauma, substance use and psychosis). Methods: We conducted a systematic search resu…
Functional ecology for evaluating and predicting the aptitude of permanent grassland to provide services
2013
National audience; Applying the principles of functional ecology helps better predict the services which can be provided by permanent grassland. Farming practices and environmental characteristics influence the functional composition of grassland. Functional plant types have a generic effect on forage services which can be assessed. 13 types of grassland composed of distinct functional types were defined based on 1,283 sample grassland fields located on 8 sites. This approach was validated by checking 8 Ellenberg indicator values (used to evaluate environmental characteristics and farming practices) against climatic data and descriptive data for farming practices. The interest of a function…
Effect of pHand age of culture on cellular fatty acid composition of Leuconostoc oenos
1996
Z. DRICI-CACHON, J.F. CAVIN AND C. DIVIES. 1996. This study is concerned with the fatty acid composition of three strains of Leuconostoc oenos grown at different pH. The most abundant fatty acids were C18: 1w9, C19: 0 cy(w9,10) and C16:0, followed by C16: 1w9 and C14: 0. The pH considerably modified the fatty acid distribution in Lo107 (an acidophilic strain) and Lo8413 (a moderately acidophilic strain). However, moderate changes occurred for LoATCC 23277 (a less acidophilic strain). At pH 2.9, Lo107 has a remarkably high level of C19: 0 cy-(w9,10) and C19:0 cy(w11,12). Proportions of C18: 1 and C19:0 cyclo acids varied mainly with the pH of the medium and also as a function of growth phase…