Search results for "equality"

Reliability of isokinetic assessment of shoulder-rotator strength: a systematic review of the effect of position.

2011

Context:Isokinetic assessment of shoulder internal- (IR) and external-rotator (ER) strength is commonly used with many different postures (sitting, standing, or supine) and shoulder positions (frontal or scapular plane with 45° or 90° of abduction).Objective:To conduct a systematic review to determine the influence of position on the intersession reliability of the assessment of IR and ER isokinetic strength, to identify the most reliable position, and to determine which isokinetic variable appears to be most stable in intersession reliability.Evidence Acquisition:A systematic literature search through MEDLINE and Pascal Biomed databases was performed in October 2009. Criteria for inclusion…

Music Training Enhances Rapid Neural Plasticity of N1 and P2 Source Activation for Unattended Sounds

2012

Neurocognitive studies have demonstrated that long-term music training enhances the processing of unattended sounds. It is not clear, however, whether music training also modulates rapid (within tens of minutes) neural plasticity for sound encoding. To study this phenomenon, we examined whether adult musicians display enhanced rapid neural plasticity compared to non-musicians. More specifically, we compared the modulation of P1, N1, and P2 responses to standard sounds between four unattended passive blocks. Among the standard sounds, infrequently presented deviant sounds were presented (the so-called oddball paradigm). In the middle of the experiment (after two blocks), an active task was p…

Accumulation of sensory difficulties predicts fear of falling in older women

2013

Objectives: To explore whether the accumulation of sensory difficulties predicts fear of falling (FOF), and whether the traits correlate with each other regardless of familial factors. Methods: Self-reported hearing, vision and balance difficulties, and FOF were assessed using structured questionnaires at the baseline and after a 3-year follow-up in 63- to 76-year-old women ( n = 434). Results: Among the women without FOF at baseline ( n = 245), 41% reported FOF at follow-up. Increasing numbers of sensory difficulties at baseline predicted higher incidence of FOF. The relationship between accumulated sensory difficulties and FOF was not mediated by familial factors. Discussion: The accumul…

2019

Abstract Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year stud…

The Right to Education and ICT during COVID-19: An International Perspective

2020

There is a lack of concluding evidence among epidemiologists and public health specialists about how school closures reduce the spread of COVID-19. Herein, we attend to the generalization of this action throughout the world, specifically in its quest to reduce mortality and avoid infections. Considering the impact on the right to education from a global perspective, this article discusses how COVID-19 has exacerbated inequalities and pre-existing problems in education systems around the world. Therefore, the institutional responses to guaranteeing remote continuity of the teaching&ndash

Importance of the left auditory areas in chord discrimination in music experts as demonstrated by MEG

2011

The brain basis behind musical competence in its various forms is not yet known. To determine the pattern of hemispheric lateralization during sound-change discrimination, we recorded the magnetic counterpart of the electrical mismatch negativity (MMNm) responses in professional musicians, musical participants (with high scores in the musicality tests but without professional training in music) and non-musicians. While watching a silenced video, they were presented with short sounds with frequency and duration deviants and C major chords with C minor chords as deviants. MMNm to chord deviants was stronger in both musicians and musical participants than in non-musicians, particularly in thei…

Inequalities in the participation and outcomes of breast cancer screening programs in Valencia, Spain

2019

Abstract Background Breast cancer remains the most frequent tumour and first cancer related cause of death in the Valencian Community. Despite most of the population being aware of the existence of breast cancer screening programs (BCSP), there are great differences in uptake that are likely attributed to social determinants. The objective of this study, alligning with SDGs 3 and 10, is to assess inequalities in breast cancer screening uptake, diagnosis and treatment delay in the city of Valencia. Methods The population of study included 128 123 women invited to participate in the BCSP in the city of Valencia between 2014 and 2016. Uptake, diagnosis and treatment delay were assessed as outc…

Health(care) in the Crisis: Reflections in Science and Society on Opioid Addiction

2021

Opioid abuse and misuse have led to an epidemic which is currently spreading worldwide. Since the number of opioid overdoses is still increasing, it is becoming obvious that current rather unsystematic approaches to tackle this health problem are not effective. This review suggests that fighting the opioid epidemic requires a structured public health approach. Therefore, it is important to consider not only scientific and biomedical perspectives, but societal implications and the lived experience of groups at risk as well. Hence, this review evaluates the risk factors associated with opioid overdoses and investigates the rates of chronic opioid misuse, particularly in the context of chronic…

Descriptive study on subjective experience of genetic testing with respect to relationship, family planning and psychosocial wellbeing among women wi…

2021

AbstractBackgroundDue to increased risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer, women belonging to known Lynch Syndrome (LS) families are recommended to undergo germline testing. Current practice in Finland is to offer counselling to women with pathogenic variant and advocate risk-reducing surgery (RRS) after completion of childbirth. The present study aimed to clarify the impacts of positive germline testing on family planning and reproductive decisions of these women, which are relatively unknown.MethodsSeventy-nine carriers of germline MMR gene pathogenic variant (path_MMR)were identified from the Finnish LS Registry as having genetic testing performed before the age of 45 years and not havin…

Increasing girls' interest in technology education as a way to advance women in technology

2016

Technology-oriented fields are still largely male-dominated, and an effective approach for increasing the number of women in natural science and technology careers has not yet been achieved in EU countries. A related concern, particularly in Finland, is that even though gender equality and non-discrimination have long been critical concerns in education to date there has been very little of research in Finland about girls’ motivations towards technical craft or technology education, nor about their relation to women’s career aspirations in technology-oriented fields. The present study is my contribution to the concern of getting more women into technology by investigating how to increase gi…