Search results for "equation"

showing 10 items of 4219 documents

Boundary/Field Variational Principles for the Elastic Plastic Rate Problem

1991

An elastic-plastic continuous solid body under quasi-statically variable external actions is herein addressed in the hypoteses of rate-independent material model with dual internal variables and of infinitesimal displacements and strains. The related analysis problem for assigned rate actions is first formulated through a boundary/field integral equation approach, then is shown to be characterized by two variational principles, one of which is a stationarity theorem, the other a min-max one.

Field (physics)Variational principleInfinitesimalMathematical analysisBoundary (topology)Solid bodyIntegral equationBoundary element methodVariable (mathematics)Mathematics
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Nonlinear response theory for Markov processes: simple models for glassy relaxation.

2012

The theory of nonlinear response for Markov processes obeying a master equation is formulated in terms of time-dependent perturbation theory for the Green's functions and general expressions for the response functions up to third order in the external field are given. The nonlinear response is calculated for a model of dipole reorientations in an asymmetric double well potential, a standard model in the field of dielectric spectroscopy. The static nonlinear response is finite with the exception of a certain temperature $T_0$ determined by the value of the asymmetry. In a narrow temperature range around $T_0$, the modulus of the frequency-dependent cubic response shows a peak at a frequency …

Field (physics)media_common.quotation_subjectMathematical analysisFOS: Physical sciencesDouble-well potentialContext (language use)Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterAsymmetryNonlinear systemMaster equationRelaxation (physics)Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Perturbation theorymedia_commonMathematicsPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Application of Operator Splitting Methods in Finance

2016

Financial derivatives pricing aims to find the fair value of a financial contract on an underlying asset. Here we consider option pricing in the partial differential equations framework. The contemporary models lead to one-dimensional or multidimensional parabolic problems of the convection-diffusion type and generalizations thereof. An overview of various operator splitting methods is presented for the efficient numerical solution of these problems.

FinanceMathematical optimizationPartial differential equationbusiness.industry010103 numerical & computational mathematicsType (model theory)01 natural sciencesLinear complementarity problem010101 applied mathematicsOperator splittingValuation of optionsFair valueJump modelEconomicsAsset (economics)0101 mathematicsbusinessMathematical economics
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Homeward Bound FDI: Are Migrants a Bridge over Trouble Finance?

2016

Migrants can lower cross-border investment barriers, help investors by providing information about their homeland and reduce transaction costs by sharing expertise on regulations, customs and procedures. In addition to generating these well-known networking effects, migrants can also provide valuable information about local finance, thereby easing the credit constraints foreign investors faced during the 2007 financial crisis. This paper sheds new light on the underlying mechanisms through which migration may affect foreign investment in the migrant's homeland by distinguishing between the effects on FDI's intensive and extensive margins. Gravity estimates for 140 countries for the period 2…

FinanceTransaction costEconomics and Econometricsbusiness.industryIntensive and extensive margins05 social sciencesFDIHomelandForeign direct investmentInvestment (macroeconomics)Bridge (interpersonal)Financial constraintsQuantile regressionMargin (finance)0502 economics and businessFinancial crisisEconomics050207 economicsbusinessGravity equationMigration050205 econometrics
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INNOVATION STRATEGY, WORKING CLIMATE, AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN TRADITIONAL MANUFACTURING FIRMS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

2012

In this study, we address the effect of innovation strategy and an innovative working climate on financial performance in the Norwegian wood industry. Innovation strategy embodies four dimensions: the degrees to which innovation in the form of products, processes, and business systems are embedded in the management values and priorities as well as the degree of expenditure in R&D. An innovative working climate is exemplified by team cohesion, supervisory encouragement, resources, autonomy, challenge, and openness to innovation. Previous studies have indicated a lack of research in traditional manufacturing firms on both innovation strategy and a supportive working climate. Our survey w…

Financial performanceStrategy and Managementmedia_common.quotation_subjectBusiness system planningCohesion (computer science)Innovation strategy innovative working climate financial performance manufacturing firms wood industryStructural equation modelingManagement of Technology and InnovationOpenness to experienceManufacturing firmsBusinessBusiness and International ManagementMarketingWood industryAutonomymedia_commonInternational Journal of Innovation Management
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Fluid–structure interaction of downwind sails: a new computational method

2018

The spreading of high computational resources at very low costs led, over the years, to develop new numerical approaches to simulate the fluid surrounding a sail and to investigate the fluid–structure interaction. Most methods have concentrated on upwind sails, due to the difficulty of implementing downwind sailing configurations that present, usually, the problem of massive flow separation and large displacements of the sail under wind load. For these reasons, the problem of simulating the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) on downwind sails is still subject of intensive investigation. In this paper, a new weak coupled procedure between a RANS solver and a FEM one has been implemented t…

Finite element methodComputer science020101 civil engineeringOcean Engineering02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamicsMainsailInteractive sail designOceanographyWind speed0201 civil engineeringComputational fluid dynamicFluid–structure interactionMechanics of MaterialSettore ING-IND/15 - Disegno E Metodi Dell'Ingegneria Industrialebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringSolverFinite element methodWind engineeringMechanics of MaterialsGennakerFluid–structure interaction Finite element method Computational fluid dynamics Gennaker Mainsail Interactive sail designConvergence problembusinessReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsFluid–structure interactionMarine engineering
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Simulation of mid-IR amplification in Er3+-doped chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber

2009

International audience; This paper deals with the design of an erbium doped microstructured optical fiber (MOF) amplifier operating in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength range, more precisely around 4.5 µm wavelength. A homemade numerical code which solves the rate equations and the power propagation equations has been ad hoc developed to theoretically investigate the feasibility of mid-IR MOF amplifier. On the basis of the measured energy level transition parameters of a Er3+-doped Ga5Ge20Sb10S65 chalcogenide glass, the amplifier feasibility is demonstrated exhibiting high gain and low noise figure.

Finite element methodMaterials scienceOptical fiberChalcogenidePACS: 42.55.W 42.81.Q 42.60.D 02.70.Dchemistry.chemical_elementChalcogenide glassPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsInorganic ChemistryErbiumchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFinite element method; Photonic crystal fiber amplifiers; Rate equationsSpectroscopyAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryAmplifierOrganic ChemistryRate equationMicrostructured optical fiber021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhotonic crystal fiber amplifiersAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthRate equationschemistry0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Finite element method on fractional visco-elastic frames

2016

Viscoelastic behavior is defined by fractional operators.Quasi static FEM analysis of frames with fractional constitutive law is performed.FEM solution is decoupled into a set of fractional Kelvin Voigt elements.Proposed approach could be easily integrated in existing FEM codes. In this study the Finite Element Method (FEM) on viscoelastic frames is presented. It is assumed that the Creep function of the constituent material is of power law type, as a consequence the local constitutive law is ruled by fractional operators. The Euler Bernoulli beam and the FEM for the frames are introduced. It is shown that the whole system is ruled by a set of coupled fractional differential equations. In q…

Finite element methodMechanical EngineeringConstitutive equationMathematical analysis02 engineering and technologyFunction (mathematics)Type (model theory)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFractional calculuPower lawViscoelasticityFinite element methodComputer Science ApplicationsFractional calculus020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringModeling and SimulationFractional viscoelasticityGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologySettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniQuasistatic processCaputo's fractional derivativeCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematics
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The effect of vertical ground movement on masonry walls simulated through an elastic–plastic interphase meso-model: a case study

2019

The present paper proposes an interphase model for the simulation of damage propagation in masonry walls in the framework of a mesoscopic approach. The model is thermodynamically consistent, with constitutive relations derived from a Helmholtz free potential energy. With respect to classic interface elements, the internal stress contribute is added to the contact stresses. It is considered that damage, in the form of loss of adhesion or cohesion, can potentially take place at each of the two blocks–mortar physical interfaces. Flow rules are obtained in the framework of the Theory of Plasticity, considering bilinear domains of ‘Coulomb with tension cut-off’ type. The model aims to be a first…

Finite elementsConstitutive equation02 engineering and technologyPlasticity01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeFinite element0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesMasonry010301 acousticsbusiness.industryTension (physics)Mechanical EngineeringStructural engineeringMasonryInverse problemQuadrature (mathematics)Interphase model020303 mechanical engineering & transportsFoundation settlementHelmholtz free energysymbolsCohesion (chemistry)Ground movementSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzionibusinessGeologyArchive of Applied Mechanics
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Quadratic characters in groups of odd order

2009

Abstract We prove that in a finite group of odd order, the number of irreducible quadratic characters is the number of quadratic conjugacy classes.

Finite groupAlgebra and Number TheoryQuadratic functionFinite groupsGalois actionCombinatoricsConjugacy classesQuadratic fieldsMathematics::Group TheoryConjugacy classQuadratic equationCharacter tableOrder (group theory)Binary quadratic formQuadratic fieldCharactersMathematicsJournal of Algebra
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